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The NASA Administrator shall transmit to Congress not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act an initial report that provides the following: ( A ) An analysis of possible alternatives that NASA may employ to carry out the Survey program, including ground-based and space-based alternatives with technical descriptions.
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NASA and Administrator
When Kennedy's newly appointed NASA Administrator James E. Webb requested a 30 percent budget increase for his agency, Kennedy supported an acceleration of NASA's large booster program but deferred a decision on the broader issue.
Dan Goldin became NASA Administrator on April 1, 1992, officially abandoning plans for near-term human exploration beyond Earth orbit with the shift towards a " faster, better, cheaper " strategy for robotic exploration.
NASA Administrator James Webb is standing directly behind the Mariner model </ center >
In 2005 NASA Administrator Michael Griffin identified space colonization as the ultimate goal of current spaceflight programs, saying:
* May 15 – Mercury program: NASA launches Gordon Cooper on Mercury 9, the last mission ( on June 12 NASA Administrator James E. Webb tells Congress the program is complete ).
Prior to Return to Flight, NASA Administrator Sean O ' Keefe declared that all future flights of the shuttle would go to the ISS, precluding the possibility of executing the final Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission which had been scheduled before the Columbia accident, despite the fact that millions of dollars worth of upgrade equipment for Hubble were ready and waiting in NASA warehouses.
In an internal e-mail apparently sent August 18, 2008 to NASA managers and leaked to the press, NASA Administrator Michael Griffin stated his belief that the Bush administration had made no viable plan for U. S. crews to participate in the International Space Station beyond 2011, and that Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) and Office of Science and Technology Policy ( OSTP ) were actually seeking its demise.
On February 20, 2012, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Friendship 7 flight, Glenn was surprised with the opportunity to speak with the orbiting crew of the International Space Station while Glenn was on-stage with NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden at Ohio State, where the public affairs school is named for him.
The finalists were interviewed by an evaluation committee composed of senior NASA officials, and the committee made recommendations to NASA Administrator James M. Beggs for the primary and backup candidates for the Teacher in Space Project.
The call sign Columbia for the CSM came from Julian Scheer, the NASA Assistant Administrator for Public Affairs.
At a meeting at MSFC on August 19, 1966, George E. Mueller, NASA Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight, pinned down the final concept for the major elements.
* James C. Fletcher ( 1919 – 91 ), 4th and 7th Administrator of NASA.
Other notable members of the Panel include former Office of Personnel Management Director Janice Lachance and former NASA Administrator Sean O ' Keefe.
The NASA Administrator shall plan, develop, and implement a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, track, catalogue, and characterize the physical characteristics of near-Earth objects equal to or greater than 140 meters in diameter in order to assess the threat of such near-Earth objects to the Earth.
On September 19, 1961, NASA Administrator James E. Webb announced the conversion of the Space Task Group into the new Manned Spacecraft Center ( MSC ) to be located at the Houston site.
He was met by Thomas O. Paine, the Administrator of NASA, whom he told that in the face of such suffering, space flight represented an inhuman priority and funds should be spent instead to " feed the hungry, clothe the naked, tend the sick, and house the homeless.
In 1967, Congress directed NASA to form an Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel ( ASAP ) to advise the NASA Administrator on safety issues and hazards in NASA's aerospace programs.
The NASA Administrator, James E. Webb, called the flight of Voskhod 1 a " significant space accomplishment " adding that it was " a clear indication that the Russians are continuing a large space program for the achievement of national power and prestige.
NASA and shall
NASA shall in no way be liable for any costs, expenses, claims, or demands arising out of the use of NASA material by a recipient or a recipient's distributees.
NASA and transmit
Lowering resolution has practical uses, as the NASA New Horizons craft will transmit thumbnails of its encounter with Pluto-Charon before it sends the higher resolution images.
Skytower, in partnership with NASA and the Japan Ministry of Telecommunications, tested the concept of an " atmospheric satellite " by successfully using the aircraft to transmit both an HDTV signal as well as an IMT-2000 wireless communications signal from, giving the aircraft the equivalence of a tall transmitter tower.
OSCAR-5, built at the University of Melbourne, Australia, and launched in 1970 on a NASA flight, was the first OSCAR to transmit on the 10-metre band.
NASA and Congress
Regardless, in the 1980s, a pilot plant for mass deacidification using this process was constructed by NASA and was tested on books provided by the Library of Congress.
In 1978, the NASA SETI program was heavily criticized by Senator William Proxmire, and funding for SETI research was removed from the NASA budget by Congress in 1981, however, funding was restored in 1982, after Carl Sagan talked with Proxmire and convinced him of the program's value.
Founded in 1994 in response to the US Congress cancellation of the NASA SETI program, The SETI League, Inc. is a membership-supported nonprofit organization with 1, 500 members in 62 countries.
The goal, as presented by NASA to Congress, was to provide a much less-expensive means of access to space that would be used by NASA, the Department of Defense, and other commercial and scientific users.
According to the Vision for Space Exploration, the next manned NASA program was to be Project Constellation with its Ares I and Ares V launch vehicles and the Orion Spacecraft ; however, the Constellation program was never fully funded, and in early 2010 the Obama administration asked Congress to instead endorse a plan with heavy reliance on the private sector for delivering cargo and crew to LEO.
A $ 2. 5 billion spending provision allowing NASA to fly the space shuttle beyond its then-scheduled retirement in 2010 passed the Congress in April 2009, although neither NASA nor the White House requested the one-year extension.
Congress launched an investigation into “ problems of management ” at NASA Headquarters and Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
On April 2, President Dwight D. Eisenhower recommended to Congress that a civilian agency be established to direct nonmilitary space activities, and on July 29, the President signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act, creating the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ).
NASA officials warned Gold that if he testified his concerns before Congress, his research proposals would lose their support from NASA.
It was eventually rolled into S. 1281, the NASA Authorization Act of 2005, passed by Congress on December 22, 2005, subsequently signed by the President, and stating in part:
The U. S. Congress has declared that the general welfare and security of the United States require that the unique competence of NASA be directed to detecting, tracking, cataloguing, and characterizing near-Earth asteroids and comets in order to provide warning and mitigation of the potential hazard of such near-Earth objects to the Earth.
* The Catalina Sky Survey ( CSS ) is one of NASA ´ s four funded surveys to carry out a 1998 U. S. Congress mandate to find and catalog by the end of 2008, at least 90 percent of all near-Earth objects ( NEOs ) larger than 1 kilometer across.
* the National Academy of Sciences ' Space Science Board, which has advised NASA and Congress on space science policy.
* July 1958: United States Congress passed the National Aeronautics and Space Act ( commonly called the " Space Act "), which created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ) as of October 1, 1958 from the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics ( NACA ) and other government agencies.
*" National Space Society ' blitzes ' Congress on NASA budget " Space. com-Mar.
NASA and later
The program was named after the Greek god of light, music, and the sun by NASA manager Abe Silverstein, who later said that " I was naming the spacecraft like I'd name my baby.
NASA later confirmed the object to be a piece of the first stage of the Saturn V rocket that launched Apollo 16 into space.
The Skylab project, managed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Marshall Space Flight Center, was seen by the Manned Spacecraft Center ( later Johnson Space Center ) as an invasion of its historical role as the NASA center for manned spaceflight.
It was originally detailed in a research paper by NASA engineers Robert Zubrin and David Baker in 1990, and later expanded upon in Zubrin's 1996 book The Case for Mars.
He co-edited the 1980 NASA feasibility analysis of self-replicating space factories and later authored the first detailed technical design study of a hypothetical medical nanorobot, the respirocyte, ever published in a refereed medical journal.
* 1970 – NASA announces the cancellation of two Apollo missions to the Moon, Apollo 15 ( the designation is re-used by a later mission ), and Apollo 19.
Satellites have been launched and operated by NASA, ESA, Japanese Space Agency and the Soviet space program later succeeded by Roskosmos of Russia.
Three years later, NASA addressed the issue of planetary engineering officially in a study, but used the term " planetary ecosynthesis " instead.
The WMO's findings were later echoed by the NASA and the NOAA.
* April 9 – NASA announces its selection of seven military pilots to become the first U. S. astronauts ( later known as the Mercury Seven ).
However by July 1963 NASA discovered 14 out of the 16 astronauts could not fit themselves into the cabin and later cockpits were modified.
( After all, even in one later NASA account, the supposed " hyphen " is reported as missing from instructions at one point in the text, and from equations at another ).
This was a theory put forward by the former NASA scientist Addison Bain, and later tested in small scale by the scientific reality-TV show MythBusters with semi-inconclusive results ( it was proven not to be the fault of the thermite reaction alone, but instead conjectured to be a combination of that and the burning of hydrogen gas that filled the body of the Hindenburg ).
A NASA investigative panel later concluded that pilot error caused by poor visibility due to bad weather had been the principal cause of the accident.
NASA considered launching Apollo missions directly into lunar trajectories but adopted the strategy of first entering a temporary parking orbit and then performing a separate burn several orbits later onto a lunar trajectory.
It should be noted that many engineers involved in this and similar Avro designs were later heavily involved in NASA Projects Mercury Gemini, and Apollo.
MISTRAM ( MISsile TRAjectory Measurement ) was a high-resolution tracking system used by the United States Air Force ( and later NASA ) to provide highly detailed trajectory analysis of rocket launches.
" She wrote years later on her NASA application form: " I watched the Space Age being born, and I would like to participate.
The nucleus for forming NASA was the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics ( NACA ), with its 7, 500 employees and Ames Research Center ( ARC ), Langley Research Center ( LaRC ), and Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory ( later LRC, then Glenn RC ) becoming the initial operations of NASA.
The first NASA launch facility there ( Launch Complex 39 ) was designed and operated by MSFC, then in on July 1, 1962, the overall site achieving equal status with other NASA centers and was named the Launch Operations Center, later renamed the Kennedy Space Center ( KSC ).
Eleven seconds later, Helios 2, a NASA probe, which was in orbit around the Sun, was saturated by the blast of radiation.
Products of the Marion Steam Shovel Company ( later Marion Power Shovel ) built the Panama Canal and in the 1960s, NASA contracted with Power Shovel to construct the crawler-transporters that moved the assembled Saturn V rockets, used by Project Apollo, to the launch pad.
" NASA later employed Nichols in a campaign to encourage African Americans to join the service.
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