His name heads the decree of excommunication directed against Daud, Joseph Nasi's agent ; and it was Karo who condemned Dei Rossi's Me ' or Enayim to be burned.

During the war between the Ottomans and the Republic of Venice, Nasi's negotiations with the Jewish community in Venetian-ruled Cyprus were uncovered, and, as a result, the Jewish population of Famagusta ( with the exception of Jews who were natives of the city ) was expelled in June 1568 ( see History of the Jews in Cyprus ).

Nasi's relative Abraham Beneviste ( Righetto Marrano ) was arrested in 1570, on charges of having set fire to the Venetian Arsenal on Nasi's instigation.

The Archbishop of Canterbury, religious head of the Church of England, has no formal authority outside that jurisdiction, but is recognised as symbolic head of the worldwide communion.

As they do not receive Holy Orders in the Catholic, Orthodox and Oriental Churches, they do not possess the ability to ordain any religious to Holy Orders, or even admit their members to the non-ordained ministries to which they can be installed by the ordained clergy ( females do not serve as clergy anyway, per formal church teaching, in these churches ), nor do they exercise the authority they do possess under canon law over any territories outside of their monastery and its territory ( though non-cloistered, non-contemplative female religious members who are based in a convent or monastery but who participate in external affairs may assist as needed by the diocesan bishop and local secular clergy and laity, in certain pastoral ministries and administrative and non-administrative functions not requiring ordained ministry or status as a male cleric in those churches or programs ).

As Caliph, Abu Bakr succeeded to the political and administrative functions previously exercised by Muhammad, since the religious function and authority of prophethood ended with Muhammad's death according to Islam.

An aegis (; ) is either a large collar or cape worn in ancient times to display the protection provided by a high religious authority, or a bag-like garment containing a protective shield signifying the same.

The councils of Gaul held in the first half of the sixth century had given to bishops absolute authority over religious communities, even going so far as to order the abbots to appear periodically before their respective bishops to receive reproof or advice, as might be considered necessary.

Historically, the term often referred to the combination of economic liberalism, which champions laissez-faire markets, with the classical conservatism concern for established tradition, respect for authority and religious values.

Though the Emperor retained some power over imperial churches, his power was damaged irreparably because he lost the religious authority that previously belonged to the office of the king.

The Roman Empire was tolerant of diverse cultures and religious practises, so long as these did not threaten Roman authority.

Orestes was powerless, but nonetheless rejected Cyril's gesture of offering him a Bible, which would mean that the religious authority of Cyril would require Orestes ' acquiescence in the bishop's policy.

Being a bishop was a position that gained power because bishops and other key religious figures could withstand the constant change of government and political leaders allowing them to become an authority on the city and its political endeavors.

Charles's last years were marked by the English Civil War, in which he fought the forces of the English and Scottish parliaments, which challenged his attempts to overrule and negate parliamentary authority, whilst simultaneously using his position as head of the English Church to pursue religious policies which generated the antipathy of reformed groups such as the Puritans.

Therefore, just as Christianity does not accept that Mosaic Law has any authority over Christians, Judaism does not accept that the New Testament has any religious authority over Jews.

As of February 2012, the Therapeutic Goods Administration & federal authority made a motion to not reschedule DMT or DMT containing substances as they may still hold potential entheogenic value to native &/ or religious peoples.

Traditionally Judaism credits Ezra with establishing the Great Assembly of scholars and prophets, the forerunner of the Sanhedrin, as the authority on matters of religious law.

Faith involves more than outward obedience to this authority, but also must be based on a deep personal understanding of religious teachings. By faith is meant, first, conscious knowledge, and second, the practice of good deeds.

Old ideas about tradition and hierarchy – of monarchy, aristocracy, and religious authority – were abruptly overthrown by new Enlightenment principles of equality, citizenship and inalienable rights.

Thus, the Sheikh of al-Azhar in Cairo, Muhammad Sayid Tantawy, who is the leading religious authority in the Sunni Muslim establishment in Egypt, alongside the Grand Mufti of Egypt, said the following about fatwās issued by himself or the entire Dar al-Ifta:

The Al-Azhar Supreme Council of Islamic Research, the highest religious authority in Egypt, issued a statement that FGM had no basis in core Islamic law, and this enabled the government to outlaw it entirely.

In remote Königsberg philosopher Immanuel Kant ( 1724 – 1804 ) tried to reconcile rationalism and religious belief, individual freedom, and political authority.

The authority of the king was more religious than administrative.

Thus they were involved in the struggle for power within France as princes but they also had a religious authority over Roman Catholicism in France as King.

" Nowadays, as Hezbollah scholar Magnus Ranstorp reports, Hezbollah does indeed have a formal governing structure, and in keeping with the principle of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists ( velayat-e faqih ), it " concentrate ... all authority and powers " in its religious leaders, whose decisions then " flow from the ulama down the entire community.

The observance of Christmas developed gradually over the centuries, beginning in ancient times ; combining old pagan customs with the religious ones introduced after the Christianization of Poland by the Catholic Church.

The ritual and religious treatment of meditation functions so that the individual learns to take the practice with seriousness ; learning to gradually control their degree of relaxation such that undesired and harmful schisms do not occur to the psyche.

Beginning as a religious conflict between Protestants and Catholics in Bohemia, it gradually developed into a general war involving much of Europe, for reasons not necessarily related to religion.

After the disasters of the 14th century – war, plague, and schism – early-modern European society gradually came into being as a result of economic, religious, and political changes.

Initially confined to the immigrant communities during the mid-19th century, it was gradually assimilated into mainstream society and by the first decade of the 20th century it was being celebrated coast to coast by people of all social, racial and religious backgrounds.

But the previously mentioned demiurge of evil ... gradually brought back idolatry under the appearance of Christianity. It was also seen as a departure from ancient church tradition, of which there was a written record opposing religious images.

On the battlefield, the Ottomans gradually fell behind the Europeans in military technology as the innovation that fed the Empire's forceful expansion became stifled by growing religious and intellectual conservatism.

This led to the establishment of Christian religious supremacy in Constantinople and gradually led to a See in that city which sought to rival the authority of the Roman See.

Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of Transcendentalism in his 1836 essay, Nature.

German influence was less obvious in the beginning, despite an early missionary attempt by Ansgar, but gradually emerged as the dominant religious force in the area, especially after the Norman conquest of England.

Although Kong became a prosperous center of agriculture, trade, and crafts, ethnic diversity and religious discord gradually weakened the kingdom.

In India, Buddhist monasteries gradually developed into centres of learning where philosophical principles were developed and debated ; this tradition is currently preserved by monastic universities of Vajrayana Buddhists, as well as religious schools and universities founded by religious orders across the Buddhist world.

However a drawn-out period of reconciliation followed, involving supporters of el-Moumni, Dutch politicians, homosexuals and religious groups, in which he was gradually moved to apologize.

The wars gradually took on a dynastic character, developing into an extended feud between the Houses of Bourbon and Guise, both of which — in addition to holding rival religious views — staked a claim to the French throne.

The movement gradually secularized, dropping or deprecating the " satanic " aspects of the allegations in favor of names that were less overtly religious such as " sadistic " or simply " ritual abuse " and becoming more associated with dissociative identity disorder and government conspiracy theories.

A distinctly religious office under the early Roman Republic, it gradually became politicized until, beginning with Augustus, it was subsumed into the Imperial office.

Other scholars argue that while the rising began as a religious rebellion, it was gradually transformed into a war of national liberation.

However, her use of the religious strains of the times to play one faction against another gradually got out of her control.

Other scholars argue that while the rising began as a religious rebellion, it was gradually transformed into a war of national liberation.

At first he contented himself with enumerating the chief current views in literature and art and indicating very slightly the contents of the principal new books, but gradually his criticisms became more extended and trenchant, and he touched on nearly every subject — political, literary, artistic, social and religious — that interested the Parisian society of the time.

As a result, a change gradually occurred in the balance between the dual Buddhist – Shinto religious practice.

In the last year of his life, he gradually made it known to those working with him, that his own personal task centred on the creation of a way of religious worship that would be accessible to men and women of the West who were lacking in religious formation.