After 1180 BC, the Hittite empire disintegrated into several independent " Neo-Hittite " states, subsequent to losing much territory to the Middle Assyrian Empire and being finally overrun by the Phrygians, another Indo-European people who are believed to have migrated from The Balkans.

The most notable architectural remains from early Mesopotamia are the temple complexes at Uruk from the 4th millennium BC, temples and palaces from the Early Dynastic period sites in the Diyala River valley such as Khafajah and Tell Asmar, the Third Dynasty of Ur remains at Nippur ( Sanctuary of Enlil ) and Ur ( Sanctuary of Nanna ), Middle Bronze Age remains at Syrian-Turkish sites of Ebla, Mari, Alalakh, Aleppo and Kultepe, Late Bronze Age palaces at Bogazkoy ( Hattusha ), Ugarit, Ashur and Nuzi, Iron Age palaces and temples at Assyrian ( Kalhu / Nimrud, Khorsabad, Nineveh ), Babylonian ( Babylon ), Urartian ( Tushpa / Van Kalesi, Cavustepe, Ayanis, Armavir, Erebuni, Bastam ) and Neo-Hittite sites ( Karkamis, Tell Halaf, Karatepe ).

The most notable architectural remains from early Mesopotamia are the temple complexes at Uruk from the 4th millennium BC, temples and palaces from the Early Dynastic period sites in the Diyala River valley such as Khafajah and Tell Asmar, the Third Dynasty of Ur remains at Nippur ( Sanctuary of Enlil ) and Ur ( Sanctuary of Nanna ), Middle Bronze Age remains at Syrian-Turkish sites of Ebla, Mari, Alalakh, Aleppo and Kultepe, Late Bronze Age palaces at Bogazkoy ( Hattusha ), Ugarit, Ashur and Nuzi, Iron Age palaces and temples at Assyrian ( Kalhu / Nimrud, Khorsabad, Nineveh ), Babylonian ( Babylon ), Urartian ( Tushpa / Van Kalesi, Cavustepe, Ayanis, Armavir, Erebuni, Bastam ) and Neo-Hittite sites ( Karkamis, Tell Halaf, Karatepe ).

After the collapse of the Hittite Empire from the 12th century, while Neo-Hittite states partially pursued Hittite history in southern Anatolia and Syria, the chain seems to have broken as far as Arzawa lands in western Anatolia were concerned and these could have pursued their own cultural path until unification came with the emergence of Lydia as a state under the Mermnad dynasty in the 7th century BC.

Ivories, pottery and metalwork from the Neo-Hittite principalities of northern Syria and Phoenicia found their way to Greece, as did goods from Anatolian Urartu and Phrygia, yet there was little contact with the cultural centers of Egypt or Assyria.

Long after the extinction of the Hittite language, Luwian continued to be spoken in the Neo-Hittite states of Syria, such as Milid and Carchemish, as well as in the central Anatolian kingdom of Tabal that flourished in the 8th century BC.

North of Sam ' al was the Arameans state of Bit-Gabari, sandwiched between the Neo-Hittite states of Carchemish, Gurgum, Tabal, Khattina and Unqi.

While the Hittite empire fell to the Sea Peoples during the Bronze Age collapse, Carchemish survived the Sea People's attacks to continue to be the capital of an important Neo-Hittite kingdom in the Iron Age, and a trading center.

* Tudhaliya, Neo-Hittite king of Carchemish, fl.

From the 10th to late 7th centuries BC, much of Anatolia ( particularly the east, central, south western and south eastern regions ) fell to the Neo Assyrian Empire, including all of the Neo-Hittite and Syro-Hittite states, Phrygia, Urartu, Nairi, Tabal, Cilicia, Commagene, Caria, Lydia, the Cimmerians and Scythians and swathes of Cappadocia.

After c. 1180 BC, the empire was invaded by the Sea peoples and disintegrated into several independent " Neo-Hittite " city-states, some surviving until the 8th century BC.

Lydia arose as a Neo-Hittite kingdom following the collapse of the Hittite Empire in the 12th century BC.

** Neo-Hittite or Syro-Hittite regional states ( 11th to 7th c. BC )

Caria arose as a Neo-Hittite kingdom around the 11th century BC. The coast of Caria was part of the Dorian hexapolis ( six-cities ) when the Dorians arrived after the Trojan War in the last and southernmost waves of Greek migration to western Anatolia's coastline and occupied former Mycenaean settlements such us Knidos and Halicarnassos ( present-day Bodrum ).

* Ancient Dana or Tyana in Cappadocia, capital of a Neo-Hittite kingdom in the 1st millennium BC

** the areas to the west of the Euphrates controlled by Neo-Hittite kingdoms ( 1000-700 BC )

It was the capital of a Luwian-speaking Neo-Hittite kingdom in the 1st millennium BC.

Historical map of the Neo-Hittite states, c. 800 BC, showing the location of Sam ' al at modern Zincirli ( 3 ).

The Hittite language has traditionally been stratified into Old Hittite ( OH ), Middle Hittite ( MH ) and New or Neo-Hittite ( NH ; not to be confused with the " Neo-Hittite " period, which is actually post-Hittite ), corresponding to the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms of the Hittite Empire ( ca.

It is a matter of considerable scholarly debate whether the biblical " Hittites " signified any or all of: 1 ) the original Hattians ; 2 ) their Indo-European conquerors ( Nesili ), who retained the name " Hatti " for Central Anatolia, and are today referred to as the " Hittites " ( the subject of this article ); or 3 ) a Canaanite group who may or may not have been related to either or both of the Anatolian groups, and who also may or may not be identical with the later Neo-Hittite ( Luwian ) polities.

The site was a major urban centre in two separate phases, during the Early Bronze Age and Early Iron Age, and is thought likely to be the site of ancient Kinalua, the capital of one of the Neo-Hittite / Aramean city-kingdoms of Walistin ( Aramaic ) or Palistin ( neo-Hittite ).

Whilst these later states maintained a Neo-Hittite hieroglyphic for official communication, it would seem that the population of these small states was progressively Aramaeanised.

Semitic Arameans encroached over the borders of south central Anatolia in the century or so after the fall of the Hittite empire, and some of the Neo-Hittite states in this region became an amalgam of Hittites and Arameans.

" Neo-Hittite " post-Empire states, petty kingdoms under Assyrian rule, may have lingered on until ca.

After the collapse of the Hittite Empire, Lycia emerged as an independent " Neo-Hittite " kingdom.

Massive amounts of ivory furniture pieces were found in many Assyrian palaces pointing to an intense trade relationship with North Syrian Neo-Hittite states at the time.

These states are called " Neo-Hittite ," even though the languages were HLuwian, and New Hittite disappeared at 1200 with the end of the Neo-Empire.

This language vanished at about the time of the Neo-Hittite states in southern Anatolia ( and Syria ); thus, the Iron Age members of the subgroup are localized daughter languages of Luwian.

After the collapse of the Hittite Empire as a part of the more general Bronze Age collapse Luwian emerged in the Early Iron Age as the main language of the so-called Neo-Hittite states in southwestern Anatolia and northern Syria.

Settled since the early Bronze Age, Hatay was once of the Akkadian Empire, then the Amorite Kingdom of Yamhad and Mitannis, then a succession of Hittites, the Neo-Hittite " Hattena " people that later gave the modern province of Hatay its name, then the Assyrians ( except a brief occupation by Urartu ) and Persians.

Farther north, the Arameans were in possession of Hamath on the Orontes and were soon to become strong enough to dissociate with the Neo-Hittite block.

* Chimera ( mythology ), a monstrous creature with parts from multiple animals

* Chimera ( genetics ), a single animal organism with genetically distinct cells from two different zygotes

* Chimera ( plant ), a single plant organism with genetically distinct cells from two different zygotes or from a mixed-species callus

* Chimera ( virus ), a virus containing genetic material from other organisms

* Chimera ( paleontology ), a fossil which was reconstructed with parts from different animals

* Chimera ( EST ), a single cDNA sequence originating from two transcripts

* " Chimera ", a song by Duncan Sheik from a version of Daylight

* " Chimera ", a song from The Tea Party's 1999 Triptych

* " Chimera " a song from the group Bonham on their second album entitled Mad Hatter

* The Chimera is the name of the enemy alien race from Insomniac Games ' Resistance trilogy for the PlayStation 3.

* Chimera ( software library ), a P2P software research project from Charles University in Prague

The lion is usually considered to have been the offspring of Typhon ( or Orthrus ) and Echidna ; it is also said to have fallen from the moon as the offspring of Zeus and Selene, or alternatively born of the Chimera.

Chimera resembled a tremendous, fire-breathing lioness with a goat's head emerging from the middle of her back, and had a snake for a tail.

The Chimera ( also Chimaera or Chimæra ) ( or ;, Khimaira, from χίμαρος, khimaros, " she-goat ") was, according to Greek mythology, a monstrous fire-breathing female creature of Lycia in Asia Minor, composed of the parts of three animals: a lion, a serpent and a goat.

Usually depicted as a lion, with the head of a goat arising from its back, and a tail that ended in a snakes's head, the Chimera was one of the offspring of Typhon and Echidna and a sibling of such monsters as Cerberus and the Lernaean Hydra.

The Chimera is generally considered to have been female ( see the quotation from Hesiod above ) despite the mane adorning its lion's head, the inclusion of a close mane often was depicted on lionesses, but the ears always were visible ( that does not occur with depictions of male lions ).

Since Pegasus could fly, Bellerophon shot the Chimera from the air, safe from her heads and breath.

Pebble mosaic depicting Bellerophon killing the Chimera, from Rhodes archaeological museum Robert Graves suggests, " The Chimera was, apparently, a calendar-symbol of the tripartite year, of which the seasonal emblems were lion, goat, and serpent.

" Chimera " is a broad term and is often applied to many different mechanisms of the mixing of cells from two different species.

), the show or film's theme song ( e. g. the final scene of " Homer's Triple Bypass ", from The Simpsons ; when Sam Carter hums the theme from Stargate SG-1 during the episode " Chimera "; the second Collector from Demon Knight ; when Mr. Incredible whistles theme music from The Incredibles ; when all the characters in the film Magnolia begin to sing the background music-" Wise Up " by Aimee Mann ; in Almost Famous, when one character begins to sing the background music-" Tiny Dancer " by Elton John-and all of the other characters around him immediately pick it up and sing along as well ; the moments when Sam Lowry of Brazil hums / listens to / sings the film's self-titled theme song ; when Daryl Van Horne whistles theme music from The Witches of Eastwick ; in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone when Rubeus Hagrid is briefly heard playing the main theme on a recorder ); when Quinton ' Rampage ' Jackson ( as B. A.