From 1982-92 he was a fellow of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University, publishing articles and books on international strategy, the West German peace movement, U. S. foreign policy, Nordic politics, and a history of West Germany.

In November 2005, the airline was rebranded as Thomsonfly and in May 2006 as TUIfly Nordic due to the new marketing strategy of the TUI Group.

He was also a member of the board of the Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics ( Nordita ) from its inception in 1957, becoming its director in 1975.

It is used for seawater service and also in Euro coins # Small-denomination coins ( Nordic gold ).

In the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America ( ELCA ) and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada ( ELCIC ), the largest Lutheran Church bodies in the United States and Canada respectively and roughly based on the Nordic Lutheran state churches ( similar to that of the Church of England ), bishops are elected by Synod Assemblies, consisting of both lay members and clergy, for a term of 6 years, which can be renewed, depending upon the local synod's " constitution " ( which is mirrored on either the ELCA or ELCIC's national constitution ).

The Winter Olympics, the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, and the FIS World Cup events ( including the Holmenkollen and the Tour de Ski, a grueling 9 race series completed in eleven days ) have long been a showcase for the world's fastest cross country skiers.

Cranberries became popular for wild harvesting in the Nordic countries and Russia.

Under the Nordic Language Convention, citizens of the Nordic countries speaking Danish have the opportunity to use their native language when interacting with official bodies in other Nordic countries without being liable for any interpretation or translation costs.

In December 1999 Estonian foreign minister ( and since 2006, president of Estonia ) Toomas Hendrik Ilves delivered a speech entitled " Estonia as a Nordic Country " to the Swedish Institute for International Affairs .< ref >

This flag, called the Dannebrog, inspired the cross design of the other Nordic countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, and regional Scandinavian flags for the Faroe Islands, Åland, Scania and Bornholm, as well as flags for the non-Scandinavian Shetland and Orkney.

* Other flag proposals for a Nordic cross design

Applicants were vetted for Nordic qualities — in Himmler's words, " like a nursery gardener trying to reproduce a good old strain which has been adulterated and debased ; we started from the principles of plant selection and then proceeded quite unashamedly to weed out the men whom we did not think we could use for the build-up of the SS.

He believed that he could engineer the German populace, for example, through eugenics, to be Nordic in appearance within several decades of the end of the war.

He tied this interest into his racist philosophy, looking for proof of Aryan and Nordic racial superiority from ancient times.

In 1952, Finland and the countries of the Nordic Council entered into a passport union, allowing their citizens to cross borders without passports and soon also to apply for jobs and claim social security benefits in the other countries.

A possible early kenning for " gold " ( walha-kurna " Roman / Gallic grain ") is attested in the Ancient Nordic runic inscription on the Tjurkö ( I )- C bracteate.

Longships were sea vessels made and used by the Vikings from the Nordic countries for trade, commerce, exploration, and warfare during the Viking Age although scientific analysis of the oak timber shows at least one well known ship was built in Dublin, Ireland.

* Nordic Federation for Lexicography

In Europe, some ' Green-Left ' political parties combine traditional social-democratic values such as a desire for greater economic equality and workers rights with demands for environmental protection, such as the Nordic Green Left.

Malmö has 2 industrial harbours ; one is still in active use and is the biggest Nordic port for car importation.

* Nordic League ( a British far right organization ), a far right organisation in the United Kingdom from 1935 to 1939 that sought to serve as a co-ordinating body for the various extremist movements whilst also seeking to promote Nazism

Nazi policy aimed to destroy the Soviet Union as a political entity in accordance with the geopolitical Lebensraum idea (" Drang nach Osten ") for the benefit of future generations of the " Nordic Aryan master race ".

Johanna Sigurðardottir, Iceland's prime minister said: " The Nordic countries are leading the way on women's equality, recognizing women as equal citizens rather than commodities for sale.

Johanna Sigurðardottir, Iceland's prime minister, who is an open lesbian, said: " The Nordic countries are leading the way on women's equality, recognizing women as equal citizens rather than commodities for sale.

The Nordic, in his theory, was Homo europaeus, the white man par excellence.

What they and many others of that generation in the Nordic countries had in common was that they started off from a classical education and were first designing in the so-called Nordic Classicism style – a style that had been a reaction to the previous dominant style of National Romanticism – before moving, in the late 1920s, towards Modernism.

This is most common amongst Nordic countries but requires a large number of different registers to be combined including population, housing, employment and education.

Lithuania, together with other two Baltic countries, is also a member of Nordic Investment Bank ( NIB ) and cooperates in NORDPLUS programme committed to education.

The Finnish education system is a comparatively egalitarian Nordic system.

It is also the one of largest providers of distance education courses in the Nordic countries.

In the German-speaking, the Central-European, the Nordic, the Benelux ( Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg ) and the Baltic countries, this meaning for " gymnasium ", that is a secondary school preparing the student for higher education at a university, has been the same at least since the Protestant reformation in the 16th century.

In all of Scandinavia and the Nordic countries, education is meant to be free.

Inclusive special education within the classroom and instructional efforts to minimize low achievement are also typical of Nordic educational systems.

Although primary school and other comprehensive or compulsory education is free in many countries, for example, all education is mostly free ( often not including books ( from primary ) and a number of administrative and sundry fees in university ) including post-graduate studies in the Nordic countries.

* Alpine Patroller and Nordic Patroller: are classifications used for patrollers who have passed OEC and have completed transportation education and are authorized to transport ill or injured guests in rescue toboggans.

* Senior Alpine Patroller and Senior Nordic Patroller are alpine patrollers and nordic patrollers who have completed additional training in emergency management ( that taught to senior patrollers ) and who have completed additional transportation education and can demonstrate skills not required of the alpine or nordic patroller.

NORDUnet is an international collaboration between the Nordic national computer networks for research and education.

Historically, the main dispute between the national organizations has generally centered on the interpretation of " Nordic heritage " as either something cultural, or as something genetic or racial.

Due to this trend, the term " draug " has come to be used to describe any type of revenant in Nordic folklore.

An important element in Estonia's post-independence reorientation has been closer ties with the Nordic countries, especially Finland and Sweden.

Cooperation with the other Scandinavian countries also is important to Finland, and it has been a member of the Nordic Council since 1955.

There have also been several popular ideas about whether or not this particular piece of mythology has a connection to the climate change that occurred in the Nordic countries at the end of the Nordic Bronze Age dating from about 650 BC.

Like the other Nordic countries Sweden has a high rate of gun ownership, due to the popularity of hunting.

In the age known as the Nordic Bronze Age, the area had some shipping of furs to northern Germany and the Roman army, but not much is known from that time other than the area being inhabited ; there has also been older finds from 3000-4000 BC.

The javelin throw has a particularly strong tradition in the Nordic nations of Europe.

The Project began archiving Nordic-language literature in December 1992, but today also has graphical facsimiles of old works such as Nordisk familjebok, sheet music, and Latin works by Nordic authors.

The name also has a double meaning as Rune ( letter in the Runic script ) and berg ( mountain ) can, in most of the Nordic languages, be translated loosely to " Mountain of letters ".

This approach has been called the Nordic model.

The Nordic Model, however, is not a single model with specific components or rules ; each of the Nordic countries has its own economic and social models, sometimes with large differences from its neighbours.

The strong interest of the Swedish Government and people in international cooperation and peacemaking has been supplemented in the early 1980s by renewed attention to Nordic and European security questions.

Since 2001, the year the Financial Times began its Executive MBA ranking, the SSE Executive MBA has been the first in the Nordic league.

This film has won awards and accolades all over the world, including Nordic Panorama in Iceland, the International Short Film Festival in Clermont-Ferrand, and the Toronto Film Festival.

NMT is another analog cellular standard that was widely used in Europe, mainly in the Nordic countries, which has now been fully replaced by GSM except for limited use in rural areas due to its superior range.

The University of Bergen is the only institution in the Nordic countries where the study of psychology has been assigned to its own faculty.

He has received a number of prizes, the most important being the Nordic Council Literature Prize, which he received for the perspectivist trilogy about the TV personality Jonas Wergeland ( The Seducer, The Conqueror and The Discoverer ).

Traditionally, Norway has always delivered top athletes in the sport, but Finland, Germany, Austria, and the United States are also among the top nations in the Nordic combined.

The event became a 4 x 5 km team at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995 in Thunder Bay, Ontario where it has remained ever since.

There is one exception, in 2004 the MEP for Danish Socialist People's Party has left the Nordic Green Left parliamentary group and has joined the Green parliamentary group in the European parliament.