Along with other Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, Assamese evolved circa 1000 – 1200 AD from the Magadhi Prakrit, which developed from a dialect or group of dialects that were close to, but different from, Vedic and Classical Sanskrit. Its sister languages include Bengali, Chittagonian, Sylheti ( Cilôţi ), Oriya, the Bihari languages. It is written with the Assamese script.

Most languages are written using a script specific to them, such as Assamese with Assamese / Axomiya, Bengali with Bengali, Punjabi with Gurmukhi, Oriya with Utkal Lipi, Gujarati with Gujarati, etc.

The script in the edicts of Ashoka in 2nd century BC at Dhauli and Jaugada and the inscriptions of Kharavela in Hati Gumpha of Khandagiri give us the first glimpse of possible origin of Oriya language.

Although the handwritten Oriya script of the time closely resembled the Bengali and Assamese scripts, the one adopted for the printed typesets was significantly different, leaning more towards the Tamil script and Telugu script.

The Oriya script or Utkala Lipi ( Oriya: ଉତ ୍ କଳ ଲ ି ପ ି) or Utkalakshara ( Oriya: ଉତ ୍ କଳ ା କ ୍ ଷର ) is used to write the Oriya language, and can be used for several other Indian languages, for example, Sanskrit.

The earliest known inscription in the Oriya language, in the Kalinga script, dates from 1051.

Sample of the Oriya script as written from a Buddhist text from around 1060 AD, written by Sarahapada

The script in the Ashokan edicts at Dhauli and Jaugada and the inscriptions of Kharavela in Hati Gumpha of Khandagiri give the first glimpse of possible origin of the Oriya language.

There are noticeable similarities between Oriya and Thai scripts, which provides clues about the Sadhavas, earlier Kalinga traders who traveled to south Asian countries and ruled there, leaving evidence of the Oriya script on the Thai script, along with a cultural impact.

The curved appearance of the Oriya script is a result of the practice of writing on palm leaves, which has a tendency to tear the leaves when many straight lines are written.

Among the offshoots, Kalinga script had the maximum resemblance with the parent script, Brāhmī and later modified to Oriya script in the beginning of the second millennium.

This makes the Oriya Script as the most distinctive and least distorted script among the Indic scripts.

It is written from left to right, does not have distinct letter cases, and is recognizable ( along with most other North Indic scripts, with few exceptions like Gujarati and Oriya ) by a horizontal line that runs along the top of full letters.

* Oriya New Year ( Vishuva Sankranti ) is celebrated on 14 April in the Indian state of Orissa.

Turmeric is commonly called ' Halodhi ' in Assamese, Pasupu in Telugu, Kaha ( කහ ) in Sinhala, Manjal ( மஞ ் சள ் ) in Tamil literally meaning yellow color, Arisina ( ಅರ ಿ ಸ ಿ ಣ ) in Kannada, Haridra ( हर ि द ् र ) in Sanskrit, Haldi ( حلدی ) in Urdu and Haldar or Haldi ( हल ् द ी) in Hindi, Haladi ( ହଳଦ ୀ) in Oriya, ' Halud ( হল ু দ )' in Bengali Besar ( ब ॆ स ा र ) in Nepalese.

Vajrayana ( Devanagari: वज ् रय ा न ; Oriya: ବଜ ୍ ରଯ ା ନ, Tibetan: ར ྡོ་ ར ྗེ་ ཐ ེ ག ་ པ ་, rdo rje theg pa ; Mongolian: Очирт хөлгөн, Ochirt Hölgön, Chinese: 密宗, mì zōng ) is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayāna, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and the Diamond Vehicle.

The official language of the Union of India is Hindi, with 21 other regional languages holding co-official status, including: Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu.

* Sree Mandira ( Oriya: ଶ ୍ ର ୀ ମନ ୍ ଦ ି ର ) is a famous Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath ( Krishna ) and located in the coastal town of Puri in the state of Orissa, India.

Due to Sanskrit's major influence on the vocabulary of most languages in India and Asia, the term ' maharaja ' is common to many modern Indian languages, such as Hindi, Telugu, Oriya, Punjabi, Bengali, Gujarati, etc.

In Oriya, it is called tentuli, in Hindi it is called imli ( इमल ी); in Rajasthani, it is known as aamli ( आम ् ल ी); in Gujarati the amli, and Marathi and Konkani the chinch ; in Kannada it is called hunase ( ಹ ು ಣಸ ೆ), Telugu chintachettu ( tree ) and chintapandu ( fruit extract.

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Oriya ( ), officially spelled Odia, is an Indian language, belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family.

Oriya is one of the many official languages in India ; it is the official language of Orissa and the second official language of Jharkhand.

Oriya is the predominant language of Orissa, where Oriya speakers comprise around 83. 33 % of the population according to census surveys.

In India, the language is spoken by over 31 million people, and globally over 45 million speak Oriya.

Mughalbandi Oriya is considered as proper or Standard Oriya due to literary traditions.

Oriya is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-Aryan language family.

The history of the Oriya language is divided into:

Sachi Kanta Rauta Ray is the great introducer of the ultra-modern style in modern Oriya poetry.

Assamese and its closely related sister languages ( Maithili, Bengali and Oriya ) developed from Magadhi Prakrit.

Its name derives from the Sanskrit word for " wheel " or " turning " ( चक ् र ं, pronounced in Hindi ; Pali: cakka चक ् क, Oriya: ଚକ ୍ ର, Malayalam: ചക ് ര ം, Thai: จ ั กระ, Telugu: చక ్ రo, Tamil: சக ் கரம ், Kannada: ಚಕ ್ ರ, Chinese: 輪 / 轮, pinyin: lún,, Wylie: khor lo ).

The founder of the Nasiri, Murshid Quli Jafar Khan, was born a poor Deccani Oriya Brahmin before being sold into slavery and bought by one Haji Shafi Isfahani, a Persian merchant from Isfahan who converted him to Islam.

The two largest languages that formed from Apabhramsa were Bengali and Hindi-Urdu ; others include Gujarati, Oriya, Marathi, and Punjabi.

The word, a noun, means " teacher " in Sanskrit and in other languages derived from or borrowing words from Sanskrit, such as Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Bengali, Gujarati and Nepali.

Oriya appears to have had relatively little influence from Persian and Arabic, compared to other major North Indian languages.

Traces of Oriya words and expressions have been found in inscriptions dating from the 7th century AD.

Similarly, in inscriptions of 991 AD, Oriya words like ଭ ି ତ ୁ ର ୁ / bhituru / ‘ from inside ’ and ପନ ୍ ଦର / pɔndɔrɔ / ‘ fifteen ’ can be found.

From the point of view of language, the inscriptions of Hati Gumpha are near modern Oriya and essentially different from the language of the Ashokan edicts.

Traces of Oriya words and expressions have been found in inscriptions dating from the 7th century AD.

Similarly, in inscriptions of 991 AD, Oriya words like ଭ ି ତ ୁ ର ୁ / bhituru / ‘ from inside ’ and ପନ ୍ ଦର / pɔndɔrɔ / ‘ fifteen ’ can be found.

Paduma ( Padma: Lotus ), Chowshathi ( 64 ), Pakhudi ( petals ) Tahin ( There ), Chadhi ( rise ) nachao ( to dance ) Dombi ( a female of Orissa from untouchable caste ), Bapudi ( a very colloquial Oriya language to apply as ' poor fellow ').

* Maharis were Oriya devadasis or temple girls, their name deriving from Maha ( great ) and Nari or Mahri ( chosen ) particularly those at the temple of Jagganath at Puri.

All the thirty four ( 34 ) letters of the Oriya alphabet from Ka to Ksha are used chronologically at the beginning of each line.

In other Asian cultures, it is also called kanji ( Tamil / Tulu ), kaṇhji / Malayalam ), pakhal bhat ( Oriya ), ganji ( Kannada / Telugu ), juk ( Cantonese, Korean ), moe ( Hokkien and Teochew ), zhou ( Mandarin ), cháo ( Vietnamese ), deythuk ( Tibetan ), chok ( Thai ), kayu ( Japanese ), lúgaw ( Tagalog ), Bubur or kanji ( Indonesian and Malay ) or jaou ( Bengali ) which is derived directly from the Chinese character 粥 ( which means gruel ), canja ( Portuguese ).

From a linguistic perspective, the Hati Gumpha inscriptions are similar to modern Oriya and essentially different from the language of the Ashokan edicts.