In the Treaty of St. Louis ( 1825 ), the Osage were made to " cede and relinquish to the United States, all their right, title, interest, and claim, to lands lying within the State of Missouri and Territory of Arkansas ..." to make room for the Cherokee and the Mashcoux, Muscogee Creeks.

As tribes were relocated, some received land grants in exchange for their former lands, and others ( such as Osage, Seminole, and Chickasaw ) ultimately purchased their land, usually receiving Fee simple title to the land.

With the 1870 Drum Creek Treaty, the Kansas land was sold for $ 1. 25 per acre and the Osage purchased in Indian Territory ’ s Cherokee Outlet, the current Osage County, Oklahoma.

A patent was awarded in 2012 for an insect repelling device using Osage orange.

The samples, donated by " Mr. Peter Choteau, who resided the greater portion of his time for many years with the Osage Nation " according to Lewis's letter, didn't take, but later the thorny Osage-orange was widely naturalized throughout the U. S. In 1810, Bradbury relates that he found two trees growing in the garden of Pierre Chouteau, one of the first settlers of St. Louis ( apparently " Peter Choteau ").

Meriwether Lewis was told that the people of the Osage Nation " esteem the wood of this tree for the making of their bows, that they travel many hundred miles in quest of it.

Named for President George Washington, it is the smallest county in Oklahoma in total area, adjacent to the largest county in Oklahoma, Osage County.

The Osage Nation had moved into the area by the 19th Century. They ceded this land to the Federal Government in exchange for another area farther west in Indian Territory.

In 1870, the Osage finally prepared for removal from Kansas, after having negotiated payment for their land.

All subsurface minerals, including oil, are owned by the Osage tribe and held in trust for them by the Federal Government.

Other Osage were tricked out of their legal rights by unscrupulous white opportunists, in some cases attorneys or businessmen appointed by local courts as " guardians " to the Osage, under the requirements of a law passed by Congress in 1921 that was meant for their protection, but put them more at risk.

Historically, the area was a hunting ground for the Wichita, Osage, and Kiowa tribes.

The Osage stopped at the springs for its healing properties on their way to hunting at the plains, which attracted migratory birds and varieties of wildlife.

The Osage name for this fork of the Arkansas River was Nescatunga ( big salt water ), what European-Americans later called the Salt Fork.

The county was organized January 29, 1841, and named for the Osage River.

The city of Osage City is considered governmentally independent and is excluded from the census figures for the townships.

First visited by the explorer DeSoto in 1537, Cowley County was officially organized as a county, but reserved for the Osage Indians, by the Kansas Legislature in March 1867, originally named Hunter County for Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter ( 1809 – 1887 ), a Virginia Representative and Senator to Congress and Speaker of the House in the twenty-sixth Congress.

The Osage would leave their settlements to hunt in present-day Benton County for months at a time before returning to their families.

By this time, the Osage had ceased using the area for hunting, and the White settlers began to establish farms.

Upon establishment of Benton County on September 30, 1836, Osage was deemed a suitable site for the county seat, and the town square was established as the home of county government the following year.

The land for Attica was purchased from the Osage Land Trust, which also held the surrounding farmland.

On a prospecting trip downriver with a load of goods, Audubon joined up with Shawnee and Osage hunting parties, learning their methods, drawing specimens by the bonfire, and finally parting " like brethren.

A small group, such as members of the Osage tribe who benefit from huge Oklahoma oil revenues, will get far more, based on a formula incorporating their 10 highest years of income between 1985 and 2009.

Eventually, these issues and problems with the Osage, forced the Caddo to abandon their reservations.

The Osage ceded their land claims in 1825, and the Federal Government allowed the Western Cherokee to settle in this area in 1828.

In 1828, the Western Cherokees ceded their land in Western Arkansas to the Federal Government and obtained the land just vacated by the Osage.

By 1760, they had increased their range to include the present Osage County.

In 1875 the land they purchased was designated the Osage Reservation and, because the tribe owned the land directly, they retained more control over their affairs than did tribes who only had rights to land held " in trust " by the United States government.

In another important difference, as owners the Osage retained the communal mineral rights to their reservation lands.

In 1901, Phoenix Oil and Osage Oil companies combined their assets to form the Indian Territory Illuminating Oil Company ( ITIO ).

The Osage distributed their surplus communal land to tribal members, so that in 1906 each Osage was given a total of 657 acres, nearly four times the amount that other Indian households received in the allotment process.

Later the enrolled Osage and their descendants received oil and other mineral royalties as payments based on these " headrights ".

The FBI believed that several white husbands of Osage women had committed or ordered their murders.

In 1825, the Osage Nation ceded the territory where the Federal Government planned to resettle the Creek Nation and other tribes after their expulsion from the Southeastern part of the United States.

This was probably because their dominion encompassed the land between the Missouri and Osage rivers to the north, the Mississippi River to the east, and the Arkansas River to the south.

* Chadian / Keokuk / Osagean ( part ) / Osage ( part )

* Ivorian / ( part ) / Osage ( part )

After the Civil War ended, the Osage lands were coveted as the largest and last reserve of good land in the eastern part of the state.

Osage County is a county in the northern part of the U. S. state of Oklahoma.

It arranged with the Bureau of Indian Affairs to sub-lease the eastern part of the Osage reservation until 1916.

The eastern part of the county contains the Osage Hills, an extension of the Flint Hills in Kansas.

The eastern part of the county is within the Eastern Lowlands physiographic region and the western part is in the Osage Plains.

This area was part of the hunting grounds of the Osage nations and other Plains tribes.

A part of the 1808 Osage Native American land cession, the county was settled in the early 1830s by pioneers from Kentucky and Tennessee.

The area was part of the 1808 Osage Native American land cession.

Osage County is part of the Jefferson City Metropolitan Statistical Area.

In addition, the town is bordered by Pottawatomie Creek and the Marais des Cygnes River ( part of the Osage River system ), which are also named for the two tribes.

When first settled, Knob Noster was part of Cooper County which took in all of the territory between the Osage and Missouri Rivers.

* a north-western upland plain or prairie region part of the Interior Plains ' Central Lowland ( areas Osage Plain 12f and Dissected Till Plains 12e ) known as the northern plains

) By the end of the 18th century, these two tribes were dominant in the eastern part of the future state: the Kansa on the Kansas River to the North and the Osage on the Arkansas River to the South.

The government resettled to Indian Territory ( now part of Oklahoma ) those Native American tribes based in eastern Kansas, principally the Kansa and Osage, opening land to move eastern tribes into the area.

Osage is a part of many placenames in the United States, including:

The settlement of several tribes in the eastern part of the Cherokee Outlet ( including the Kaw, Osage, Pawnee, Ponca, and Tonkawa tribes ) separated it from the Cherokee Nation proper and left them unable to use it for grazing or hunting.

From Pawhuska, Oklahoma and part Osage Indian, General Tinker received his wings in 1921.