Category: Oxfordian theory of Shakespearean authorship

The Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship proposes that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford ( 1550 – 1604 ), wrote the plays and poems traditionally attributed to William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon.

After a period of decline of the Oxfordian theory beginning with World War II, in 1952 Charlton Ogburn and his wife Dorothy published the 1, 300-page This Star of England, which briefly revived Oxfordism.

Their son, Charlton Ogburn, Jr, agreed with Looney that the theory was an impediment to the Oxfordian movement and omitted all discussion about it in his own Oxfordian works.

One major evidential objection to the Oxfordian theory is Edward de Vere's 1604 death, after which a number of Shakespeare's plays are conventionally believed to have been written, according to 300 years of orthodox scholarship.

And A. R. Braunmuller ( not an Oxfordian ), in the New Cambridge edition of the play, finds the 1605-06 theory inconclusive and merely argues for a date of composition no earlier than 1603.

* Leslie Howard's 1943 anti-Nazi film, " Pimpernel " Smith, features dialogue by the protagonist Horatio Smith, a professor of archaeology at Cambridge, endorsing the Oxfordian theory.

* Oxfordian theory is the basis of Amy Freed's 2001 play The Beard of Avon.

* Oxfordian theory is central to the plot of Sarah Smith's 2003 novel Chasing Shakespeares, which she also adapted into a play.

* The 2005 YA novel Shakespeare's Secret by Elise Broach is centred on Oxfordian theory.

* The Oxfordian theory, among others, is discussed in Jennifer Lee Carrell's 2007 thriller Interred With Their Bones.

* List of Oxfordian theory supporters

Due to his role as guardian and father-in-law to Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, William Cecil figures largely in the Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship.

** Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, candidate of Oxfordian theory

He supports the Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship, according to which Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford wrote the works of Shakespeare.

* Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship, the view that Edward de Vere wrote under Shakespeare's name

Matus went on to defend this position against the Oxfordian theory ( which proposes that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, is the actual author of Shakespeare's works ) in the October 1991 issue of The Atlantic Monthly as part of a print debate written by advocates of both sides.

* J. Thomas Looney ( 1870 – 1944 ), originator of the Oxfordian theory regarding the authorship of Shakespeare's plays

Category: Oxfordian theory of Shakespearean authorship

He was an enthusiastic Shakespeare scholar and proponent of the Oxfordian theory on this subject.

Proponents of the Oxfordian theory of Shakespearian authorship say that this picture is actually a slightly modified image of Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford.

Sobran was the author of many books, including one about William Shakespeare, Alias Shakespeare: Solving the Greatest Literary Mystery of All Time ( 1997 ), wherein he espoused the Oxfordian theory that Edward de Vere, the 17th Earl of Oxford, was the true author of the plays usually attributed to William Shakespeare of Stratford-on-Avon.

Category: Oxfordian theory of Shakespearean authorship

Charlton Ogburn, Jr. was elected president of The Shakespeare Oxford Society in 1976 and kick-started the modern revival of the Oxfordian movement by seeking publicity through moot court trials, media debates, television, and later the Internet, including Wikipedia, methods which became standard policy for Oxfordian and anti-Stratfordian promoters because of their success in recruiting members of the lay public.

It is known from numerous species which ranged in time from 160 to 145 million years ago, from the Oxfordian to Tithonian ages of the late Jurassic Period of China.

Its fossil remains have been found in the Morrison Formation of Colorado and Utah, dating to the late Jurassic Period ( late Oxfordian to Tithonian stages ), between 155 and 145 million years ago.

According to radiometric dating, the Morrison Formation dates from 156. 3 ± 2 million years old ( Ma ) at its base, to 146. 8 ± 1 million years old at the top, which places it in the latest Oxfordian, Kimmeridgian, and early Tithonian stages of the late Jurassic.

Yangchuanosaurus is an extinct genus of metriacanthosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in China during the late Oxfordian ( and possibly Kimmeridgian ) stage of the Late Jurassic, and was similar in size and appearance to its North American contemporary, Allosaurus.

The Oxfordian case is based on purported similarities between Oxford's biography and events in Shakespeare's narrative works ; parallels of language, idiom, and thought between Oxford's letters and the Shakespearean canon ; and marked passages in Oxford's Bible that appear in some form in Shakespeare's plays.

Looney's Shakespeare Identified ( 1920 ) began the modern Oxfordian movement and made Oxford the most widely accepted anti-Stratfordian candidate.

Spurred by Ogburn's book, " n the last decade of the twentieth century members of the Oxfordian camp gathered strength and made a fresh assault on the Shakespearean citadel, hoping finally to unseat the man from Stratford and install de Vere in his place.

Specialists in Elizabethan literary history object to the methodology of Oxfordian arguments.

In The Shakespeare Claimants, a 1962 examination of the authorship question, H. N. Gibson concluded that "... on analysis the Oxfordian case appears to me a very weak one ".

While there is no documentary evidence connecting Oxford ( or any authorial candidate ) to the plays of Shakespeare, Oxfordian researchers, including Mark Anderson and Charlton Ogburn, believe the connection is provided by considerable circumstantial evidence inferred from Oxford's connections to the Elizabethan theatre and poetry scene ; the participation of his family in the printing and publication of the First Folio ; his relationship with the Earl of Southampton ( believed by most Shakespeare scholars to have been Shakespeare's patron ); as well as a number of specific incidents and circumstances of Oxford's life that Oxfordians believe are depicted in the plays themselves.

Alan Nelson, de Vere's only biographer who does not advocate the Oxfordian Theory, writes that " ontemporary observers such as Harvey, Webbe, Puttenham and Meres clearly exaggerated Oxford's talent in deference to his rank.

" Oxfordian Louis P. Bénézet created the " Bénézet test " by which lines known to be by Oxford were compared with lines of Shakespeare.

Steven May, the reigning authority on Edward de Vere's poetry, argues that Oxfordian attempts to relate the Earl's poetry to Shakespeare are based on ' a hopelessly flawed methodology ', in that Looney assigned to de Vere some poems he had not written.

Scholars contend that Macbeth is one of the most overwhelming pieces of evidence against the Oxfordian position ; the vast majority of critics believe the play was written in the aftermath of the Gunpowder Plot.

Oxfordian scholars respond that the concept of " equivocation " was the subject of a 1583 tract by Queen Elizabeth's chief councillor ( and Oxford's father-in-law ) Lord Burghley, as well as of the 1584 Doctrine of Equivocation by the Spanish prelate Martín de Azpilcueta, which was disseminated across Europe and into England in the 1590s.

Another theory by Alauddin Samarrai suggests an Arabic origin, from fuyū ( the plural of fay, which literally means " the returned ", and was used especially for ' land that has been conquered from enemies that did not fight ').

* The theory which Eysenck developed to explain individual variation in the observed dimensions, relating tough-mindedness to Extroversion and Psychoticism, returned ambiguous research results.

One theory that has been suggested is that the Vikings would plant crops after the winter and go raiding as soon as the ice melted on the sea, then returned home with their loot, in time to harvest the crops.

Dr. Jerome Hunsaker was asked to develop a theory of airship design, Lt. John H. Towers returned from Europe having inspected British designs, the Navy sought bids for 16 blimps from American manufacturers.

Alexander himself returned to the debate in 1969, once again re-presenting his bad quarto theory in light of the many objections raised in the preceding forty years.

In 1722, he returned to Paris for good, and here he published his most important work of music theory, Traité de l ' harmonie ( Treatise on Harmony ).

In August 1862, after a two-year absence, she returned shortly before her husband's birthday, but immediately suffered from a violent " migraine " and vomited four times en route, which supports the theory that her primary complaints were stress-related and psychosomatic.

He returned to physical science, but to the speculative side of it, in his Considerations sur les corps organisées ( Amsterdam, 1762 ), designed to refute the theory of epigenesis, and to explain and defend the doctrine of pre-existent germs.

However, in the 1990s with the emergence of the nongovernmental organizations and the New Social Movements ( NSMs ) on a global scale, civil society as a third sector became treated as a key terrain of strategic action to construct ‘ an alternative social and world order .’ Post-modern civil society theory has now largely returned to a more neutral stance, but with marked differences between the study of the phenomena in richer societies and writing on civil society in developing states.

Another theory is that he later returned to Sicily under the alias Tancredi Palamara.

Virtue theory returned to prominence in Western philosophical thought in the 20th century, and is today one of the three dominant approaches to normative theories ( the other two being deontology and consequentialism ).

As to the origins of what was to become computational complexity theory, the next summer Rabin returned to the Lamb Estate.

At the beginning of the 1950s, she taught music and drama at the American School in Japan ( Chōfu, Tokyo ), then returned to America, where she ultimately taught music theory at Fullerton College ( Fullerton, California ) and directed a women's choir at University of California, Los Angeles ( UCLA ).

He hired several former officers from the German General Staff to tutor him, and by the time he returned to Japan, he had formed a considerable background on military theory and doctrine.

He returned in 1909 and took a position teaching political history and theory in the Faculty of Law at Tokyo Imperial University until 1924.

According to this theory the dish travelled to India then returned to the wider UK.

There was also a failure to publicise that for the prosecution theory of guilt to succeed Chamberlain was required to " within the space of 10 minutes: returned to the tent, persuading her son not to follow her, put on a pair of track suit pants, taken Azaria to the car, found a weapon and killed the child, allowed sufficient time for the child to die ( not less than 2 – 3 minutes ) hidden the body, cleaned up some of the blood, removed her tracksuit pants, obtained the baked beans for Aidan, returned to the tent, entered the tent and done whatever she did in order to leave blood splashes there, collected Aidan and returned to the barbeque ".

The theory at trial was that the plaintiff, a child of about 12 months of age, had been returned to a home where further physical abuse occurred, causing more damages.

When he returned to the US, Lovestone was forced to pay for his insubordination and was expelled from the party – ostensibly not for challenging Stalin, but for his support of Bukharin and the Right Opposition and for his theory of American exceptionalism, which held that capitalism was more secure in the United States and thus socialists should pursue different, more moderate strategies there than elsewhere in the world.

Paul Gordan, an expert in invariant theory was at Leipzig, and Study returned there as Privatdozent.

In a word, I was won over, and I returned to Erice every year or two thereafter, to talk of what was past, or passing, or to come, at least insofar as it touched on subnuclear theory … These lectures span fourteen years, from 1966 to 1979.

Because Artemisia returned again and again to violent subject matter such as Judith and Holofernes, a repressed-vengeance theory has been postulated.