During the years following operation Litani, many diplomatic efforts were made which tried to end the war on the Israeli-Lebanese border, including the effort of Philip Habib, the emissary of Ronald Reagan who in the summer of 1981 managed to arrange a lasting cease-fire between Israel and the PLO which lasted about a year.

In March 1974, President Anwar Sadat of Egypt agreed to allow them to come to Cairo under the responsibility of the PLO, which said the men would be tried for carrying out an " unauthorized operation.

On April 6, 1972 the Egyptian government severed relations in protest for a Jordanian plan for federation with the West Bank, which didn't take PLO interests unto considerations.

Despite the fact that he supported Sadat's peace initiative, King Hussein refused to take part in the peace talks ; Begin offered Jordan little to gain and Hussein also feared he would isolate Jordan from the Arab world and provoke Syria and the PLO if he engaged in the peace talks as well.

Resistance against disintegration: in the early 1970s the Palestinian Liberation Organization ( PLO ) attempted to take over Lebanon and turn it into what many perceived as an alternative state for Palestinians.

# In 1975 the Palestinian Liberation Organization ( PLO ) attempted to take over Lebanon and turn it into what many perceived as an alternative state for Palestinian refugees that will facilitate their permanent settlement in the country.

The Israeli plan was to drive the PLO away from the Israeli border and help Bachir Gemayel's Phalangist militia take control of south Lebanon.

The PLO retained its original option of a single secular bi-national state west of Jordan, but began to take the position that it was prepared to accept a separate Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza in land from which Israel had withdrawn under Security Council Resolution 242.

: I would like to confirm to you that, upon the signing of the Declaration of Principles, the PLO encourages and calls upon the Palestinian people in the West Bank and Gaza Strip to take part in the steps leading to the normalization of life, rejecting violence and terrorism, contributing to peace and stability and participating actively in shaping reconstruction, economic development and cooperation.

* 1969 – United States Secretary of State William P. Rogers proposes his plan for a ceasefire in the War of Attrition ; Egypt and Jordan accept it over the objections of the PLO, which leads to civil war in Jordan in September 1970.

In the interim, while armed Lebanese forces under the Maronite-controlled government sparred with Palestinian fighters, Egyptian leader Gamal Abd al-Nasser helped to negotiate the 1969 " Cairo Agreement " between Arafat and the Lebanese government, which granted the PLO autonomy over Palestinian refugee camps and access routes to northern Israel in return for PLO recognition of Lebanese sovereignty.

An investigation conducted by the General Accounting Office reported that Arafat and the PLO held over $ 10 billion in assets even at the time when he was publicly claiming bankruptcy.

While still opposed, like all mainstream Israeli leaders in the 1970s and early 1980s, to talks with the PLO, he distanced himself from settlers and spoke of the need for " territorial compromise " over the West Bank and Gaza.

Furthermore, Hussein was suspicious of Sadat's promise to PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat to hand over the West Bank to the Palestinians in the event of a victory, as he considered the West Bank to be Jordanian territory.

By expelling the Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ), the removal of Syrian influence over Lebanon, and the installment of a pro-Israeli Christian government led by Bachir Gemayel, Israel hoped to sign a treaty which Menachem Begin promised would give Israel " forty years of peace.

During the period between 1975 and 1976, Jumblatt acted as the main leader of the Lebanese opposition in the war, and with the aid of the PLO the LNM rapidly gained control over nearly 70 % of Lebanon.

Yezid Sayigh documents the early skirmishes which saw the army not only lose control over its barracks to the occupying PLO but also lost many soldiers.

The PLO had taken over the heart of Sidon and Tyre in the early 1970s, it controlled great swathes of south Lebanon, in which the indigenous Shiite population had to suffer the humiliation of passing though PLO checkpoints and now they had worked their way by force into Beirut.

** In January 2006 the militant Hamas organization, classified as a terrorist group by the United States government and other groups, won a landslide victory over the ruling Fatah party which had been in power under the leadership of former PLO chairman Yasser Arafat.

In 1974 the PLO adopted the Ten Point Program, which called for the establishment of a national authority " over every part of Palestinian territory that is liberated " with the aim of " completing the liberation of all Palestinian territory ".

On June 7, 1986, about a year before the Intifada started, al-Wazir was deported from Amman to Baghdad, eventually moving to Tunisia days after King Hussein declared that efforts in establishing a joint strategy for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict between Jordan and the PLO were over.

When the Palestinian Liberation Organization ( PLO ) was founded in 1964, Nasser proclaimed that it would hold authority over Gaza, but that authority was never conferred in practice .. A year later, conscription was instituted for the Palestinian Liberation Army.

Eventually, this number was due to increase in the following months with the inclusion of 23, 900 Palestinian guerrilla fighters from both the Rejectionist Front ( RF ) and mainstream PLO factions, later joined by 4, 400 Lebanese regular soldiers from the Lebanese Arab Army ( LAA ) led by Lt. Ahmed al-Khatib who went over to the LNM-PLO side in January 1976.

At the time, the PLO was based in Tunis and did not have control over any part of Palestine.

Amal also had the advantage over the PLO in terms of equipment, especially armored vehicles.

The PLO commits itself ... to a peaceful resolution of the conflict between the two sides and declares that all outstanding issues relating to permanent status will be resolved through negotiations ... the PLO renounces the use of terrorism and other acts of violence and will assume responsibility over all PLO elements and personnel in order to assure their compliance, prevent violations and discipline violators ... the PLO affirms that those articles of the Palestinian Covenant which deny Israel's right to exist, and the provisions of the Covenant which are inconsistent with the commitments of this letter are now inoperative and no longer valid.

The militarization of the Palestinian refugee population, with the arrival of the PLO guerrilla forces, sparked an arms race amongst the different Lebanese political factions.

The PLO support stance for Saddam led to the expulsion of 400, 000 Palestinians from Kuwait within a week in the aftermath of the war-an unprecedented move by an Arab government against any Arab population.

The refugee population also included a substantial element of Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ) fighters, especially after the 1970 Black September events in Jordan.

In September 1995, Israel and the PLO signed a second peace agreement, extending the Palestinian Authority to most West Bank towns.

Under protest from the PLO, Iraq, and Libya, who claimed that because Abu Daoud was traveling to a PLO comrade's funeral he should receive diplomatic immunity, the French government refused a West German extradition request on grounds that forms had not been filled in properly, and put him on a plane to Algeria before Germany could submit another request.

Baader, Ensslin, Mahler, and Meinhof then went to Jordan, where they trained in the West Bank and Gaza with Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine ( PFLP ) and Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ) guerrillas and looked to the Palestinian cause for inspiration and guidance.

The late U. S. Ambassador Philip Habib negotiated a cease-fire in Lebanon and the subsequent evacuation of PLO fighters from West Beirut.

Jordan ceded its West Bank claims to the PLO in November 1988, later confirmed by the Israel – Jordan Treaty of Peace of 1994.

In 1973 – 74, Arafat closed Black September down, ordering the PLO to withdraw from acts of violence outside Israel, the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

In accordance with the terms of the Oslo agreement, Arafat was required to implement PLO authority in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

The combination of the failure of the " Iron Fist " policy, Israel's deteriorating international image and Jordan cutting legal and administrative ties to the West Bank with the U. S .' s recognition of the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people forced Rabin to seek an end to the violence through negotiation and dialogue with the PLO.

Israel and Jordan made peace without Israel withdrawing from the West Bank, since Jordan had already renounced its claims and recognized the PLO as the sole representative of the Palestinians.

In 1974 Arafat ordered the PLO to withdraw from acts of violence outside the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and Israel.

* The failure of the " Iron Fist " policy, Israel's deteriorating international image and Jordan cutting legal and administrative ties to the West Bank and the U. S .' s recognition of the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people forced Rabin to seek an end the violence though negotiation and dialogue with the PLO.

However, the Palestinians and Israelis had not yet agreed on the wording of the Letters of Mutual Recognition, which constituted an agreement in which the PLO would acknowledge the state of Israel and pledge to reject violence, and Israel would recognize the ( unelected ) PLO as the official Palestinian authority, allowing Yasser Arafat to return to the West Bank.

Tensions would later increase as the Israeli government signed the Oslo Accords in September 1993, which gave limited autonomy to the PLO in the West Bank city of Jericho and the Gaza Strip.

Surrounded in West Beirut and subjected to heavy bombardment, the PLO forces and their allies negotiated passage from Lebanon with the aid of Special Envoy Philip Habib and the protection of international peacekeepers.

The following year Jordan abandoned its claim to the West Bank in favor of a peaceful resolution between Israel and the PLO.

In 9 / 9 / 1999, he was appointed as UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan's personal representative to the PLO and Palestinian Authority on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.