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Page "Battle of Caporetto" ¶ 6
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Piave and served
The Byron play served as the basis for the libretto written by Francesco Maria Piave for Giuseppe Verdi's opera I due Foscari, which premiered on 3 November 1844 in Rome.

Piave and where
* Site of Italian newspaper " Il Piave " where Gelli writes regularly
Many of these men saw combat on the river Piave, where the advance of Austro-Hungarian troops was halted.

Piave and Italians
After the Italians suffered an enormous defeat at Caporetto in November 1917, the combined Austro-Hungarian and German forces advanced almost unhindered through Veneto towards Venice until reaching the Piave River.
In the Battle of Vittorio Veneto in October 1918, they led a force of Italians, Americans and British compelling the garrison of the strategic island of Papadopoli ( in the main channel of the River Piave ) to surrender.
In November, the division was ordered to support the Italians against the Austro-Hungarian forces at the River Piave which then formed part of the Italian Front.
With the Battle of Caporetto in October and November 1917, when the Central Powers pushed the Italians back to the Piave River, the town came under Austro-Hungarian control again.
The Italians, pushed back to defensive lines near Venice on the Piave River, had suffered 600, 000 casualties to this point in the war.
The Battle of the Piave River began with a diversionary attack near the Tonale Pass named Lawine, which the Italians easily repulsed after two days of fight.

Piave and could
However, these troops played no role in stemming the advancing Germans and Austro-Hungarians, because they were deployed on the Mincio River, some 60 miles behind the Piave, as the British and French strategists did not believe the Piave line could be held.
High altitude atmospheric streams could be measured quite accurately observing contemporarily the litho-sodium clouds from seven ground-stations in Italy ( five in Sardinia and one each at Furbara base and Borgo Piave observation post ).

Piave and new
Wilson, sent to inspect the Italian Front, was worried that Venice might fall and on behalf of the SWC ordered the new Italian commander Diaz to construct new defensive positions on the River Brenta, which in the event were not needed as the line of the River Piave held.
Once again Piave was called into service and the new version was first performed on April 21, 1865.
Verdi had rejected an 1852 request to write a new last act for the Wellingrode version, but, by Spring 1856, in collaboration with his original librettist, Piave, he decided to rewrite the story line and make a small amount of musical changes and additions.

Piave and defensive
In August, Verdi and Piave prudently retired to Busseto, Verdi's hometown, to continue the composition and prepare a defensive scheme.

Piave and line
After the defeat of Italy in the battle of Caporetto in autumn 1917, the front line was situated on the river Piave.
He wrote that if the Austrians invaded in superior numbers, the viceroy was to give up the Isonzo River line and fall back to the Piave River.
The Franco-Italian army held the line of the Piave for four days, but fell back toward the Brenta River on 21 April.

Piave and which
It is located in the marshy Venetian Lagoon which stretches along the shoreline between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers.
In a letter which Verdi wrote to Piave: " Use four legs, run through the town and find me an influential person who can obtain the permission for making Le Roi s ' amuse.
At the time, Piave and Verdi had titled opera La maledizione ( The Curse ), and this unofficial title was used by Austrian censor De Gorzkowski in an emphatic letter written in December 1850 in which he definitively denied consent to its production calling it " a repugnant of immorality and obscene triviality.
In order not to waste all their work, Piave tried to revise the libretto and was even able to pull from it another opera Il Duca di Vendome, in which the sovereign was substituted with a duke and both the hunchback and the curse disappeared.
In late October 1918 the 2nd Battalion captured the island of Grave di Papadopoli on the Piave River for which O ' Connor received the Italian Silver Medal of Honour ( Medaglia d ' Argento al Valor Militare ) and a bar to his DSO.
Piave would have also prepared the libretto for Aida, the commission for which Verdi accepted in 1870, had he not suffered a stroke, which left him paralyzed and unable to speak.
In 1918, during World War I, it was the scene of Battle of the Piave River, the last major Austro-Hungarian attack on the Italian Front, which failed after costing Austria-Hungary nearly 200, 000 casualties.
Maffei himself worked on the libretto for the Schiller opera, which in Italian became I masnadieri, while one of Verdi's regular librettists Francesco Piave was engaged to provide a suitable text from Macbeth.

Piave and was
The Battle of the Piave River prevented their troops from advancing further and was celebrated in La Leggenda del Piave.
The Italian libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave based on the play Le roi s ' amuse by Victor Hugo.
From the beginning, Verdi was aware of the risks, as was Piave.
In the autumn of 1917, he was posted to the Italian Piave Front on attachment to the 68th Infantry Brigade School.
The parachutist was Allesandro Tandura ( 1893-1937 ), who parachuted behind enemy lines in the vicinity of Piave river.
Quosdanovich's 26, 432-strong Friaul Corps was accompanied by Alvinczi as it moved west on Mantua from the Piave River.
Fourteen of these Battalions ( Regular, Territorial Force and Service ) took part in several of the greatest battles of World War I :, the 8th Battalion saw service in the Gallipoli Campaign and the 10th Battalion was in action at Piave in Italy.
The libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave based on a Spanish drama, Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino ( 1835 ), by Ángel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas, with a scene adapted from Friedrich Schiller's Wallensteins Lager.
A pumping station was installed in the dam basin to keep the lake at a constant level, and the bypass gallery was lengthened beyond the dam to let the water flow down to the Piave valley.
Francesco Maria Piave ( 18 May 1810 – 5 March 1876 ) was an Italian opera librettist who was born in Murano in the lagoon of Venice, during the brief Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy.
Piave was not only a librettist, but a journalist and translator.

Piave and during
Warning signs and negative appraisals during the early stages of filling were disregarded, and the attempt to safely control the landslide into the lake created a 200 metre tall wave ( ten times higher than predicted ) that brought massive flooding and destruction to the Piave valley below, wiping out several villages completely.
For example, during the efforts to have Rigoletto approved by the censors, Verdi goaded Piave to make every effort to get the subject approved: " Turn Venice upside down to make the censors permit this subject "
Like Verdi, Piave was an ardent Italian patriot, and in 1848, during Milan's " Cinque Giornate ," when Radetsky's Austrian troops retreated from the city, Verdi's letter to Piave in Venice was addressed to " Citizen Piave.
In this capacity, Cavallero was instrumental in forming plans that led to Italian victories at Piave and Vittorio Veneto during World War I.

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