The Roman state is henceforth known as the Roman Empire, and the period from 27 BC to AD 305 as the Principate.

** Principate ( 27 BC – 284 AD ) – first period of the Roman Empire, extending from the beginning of the reign of Caesar Augustus to the Crisis of the Third Century, after which it was replaced with the Dominate.

With the complete defeat of Antony and the marginalisation of Lepidus, Octavian, having restyled himself " Augustus " in 27 BC, remained as the sole master of the Roman world, and proceeded to establish the Principate as the first Roman " emperor ".

* 27 BC E, Octavian becomes Emperor under the name of Caesar Augustus, Begin of Julio-Claudian dynasty, Begin of the Principate, End of the Roman Republic, Octavian creates the Praetorian Guard, Construction of the Pantheon begins.

The Principate ( 27 BC – 284 AD ) is the first period of the Roman Empire, extending from the beginning of the reign of Caesar Augustus to the Crisis of the Third Century, after which it was replaced with the Dominate.

When Tiberius died on 16 March AD 37, his estate and the titles of the Principate were left to Caligula and Tiberius's own grandson, Gemellus, who were to serve as joint heirs.

When Augustus died in 14 AD, his political powers passed to his adopted son Tiberius ; the Roman Principate had begun.

After c. 88 BC, knights were no longer drafted into the legionary cavalry, although they remained technically liable to such service throughout the Principate era ( to AD 284 ).

Diplomas were issued during the Principate period ( 52-284 AD ) to retiring veterans who had served in those corps of the Roman armed forces which enlisted peregrini, that is, inhabitants of the Roman empire who were not Roman citizens ( the vast majority of the empire's population in the 1st and 2nd centuries ).

After the Crisis of the Third Century almost resulted in the Roman Empire's political collapse, the Emperor Diocletian replaced the one-headed Principate with the tetrarchy ( c. 300 AD, two Augusti ranking above two Caesares ), in which the remaining pretense of the old Republican forms was largely abandoned.

Although the Principate continued in theory until the reign of Diocletian, Severus Alexander's death signalled the beginning of the chaotic period known as the Crisis of the Third Century which brought the empire to near collapse.

The republican period of Ancient Rome began with the overthrow of the Monarchy c. 509 BC and lasted over 450 years until its subversion, through a series of civil wars, into the Principate form of government and the Imperial period.

The period when the emperors that called themselves princeps ruled-from Augustus to Diocletian-is called " the Principate ", while no later than under Diocletian began " the Dominate " period.

During the classical period of Roman law ( late Republic and Principate ), a man or woman could end a marriage simply because he or she wanted to, and for no other reason.

In practice, the Principate was a period of enlightened absolutism, with occasional forays into quasi-constitutional monarchy ; Emperors tended not to flaunt their power and usually respected the rights of citizens ( although they never let this fact bind them ).

Under this ' Principate stricto sensu, the political reality of autocratic rule by the Emperor was still scrupulously masked by forms and conventions of oligarchic self-rule inherited from the political period of the ' uncrowned ' Roman Republic ( 509 BC-27 BC ) under the motto Senatus Populus Que Romanus or SPQR.

It followed the period known as the Principate.

Emperors of the Principate, emulating Augustus in his fiction of a republican government, created the idea of the Emperor as a concentration of the various civil and military offices upon one individual, nevertheless hiding any autocratic or despotic connotations by the preservation of the Senate and other facets of the Republican period, such as the annual paired consulship.

His reign was the most peaceful in the entire history of the Principate ; while there were several military disturbances throughout the Empire in his time, in Mauretania, Iudaea, and amongst the Brigantes in Britannia, none of them are considered serious.

Ahenobarbus was the name of a plebeian family of the Domitia gens in the late Republic and early Principate of ancient Rome.

In Ancient Rome, during the Principate, the title (' divine ') was conferred ( notably posthumously ) on the emperor, a symbolic legitimating element in establishing a de facto dynasty.

It was the last lineage of the Principate founded by Augustus.

However, the stability of the Principate was continually shaken by the Saracen attacks and, most of all, by internal struggles.

The chief towns of Upper Moesia in the Principate were: Singidunum ( Belgrade ), Viminacium ( sometimes called municipium Aelium ; modern Kostolac ), Remesiana ( Bela Palanka ), Bononia ( Vidin ), Ratiaria ( Archar ) and Skupi ( modern Skopje ); of Lower Moesia: Oescus ( colonia Ulpia, Gigen ), Novae ( near Svishtov, the chief seat of Theodoric the Great ), Nicopolis ad Istrum ( Nikup ; really near the river Yantra ), Marcianopolis ( Devnya ), Odessus ( Varna ) and Tomi ( Constanţa ; to which the poet Ovid was banished ).

As with freedmen and slaves of the Imperial Family women of the imperial family gained some benefits from the fall of the Republic, but because the nature of the Principate was to hide dictatorship such power had to be subtle and kept out of the public eye when possible.

) was abolished, and the Empire returned to a system much more similar to that of the Republic or the Principate, where provincial governors had also commanded the armies in their area.

While the Praetorian Guard was formally established under Emperor Augustus, Sejanus introduced a number of reforms which saw the unit evolve beyond a mere bodyguard into a powerful and influential branch of the government involved in public security, civil administration, and ultimately political intercession ; changes which would have a lasting impact on the course of the Principate.

In various municipalities under the Principate, the chief magistracy was a college of three, styled triumviri.

The nature of the imperial office and the Principate was established under Julius Caesar's heir and posthumously adopted son, Caesar Augustus, and his own heirs, the descendants of his wife Livia from her first marriage to a scion of the distinguished Claudian clan.

During the Principate, by decree of the Senate, Augustus ' name was inserted into the song ( Res Gestae 10 ).

The senatorial order of the 4th century was thus the equivalent of the equestrian order of the Principate.

An imperial province was a Roman province during the Principate where the Roman Emperor had the sole right to appoint the governor ( legatus Augusti ).

A senatorial province was a Roman province during the Principate where the Roman Senate had the right to appoint the governor ( proconsul ).

In 1982, after the merger of Alianza Popular into the center-right People's Party, he was elected senator for Asturias, a position which he combined with that of spokesman for the People's Party Parliamentary Group in the General Junta of the Principate of Asturias ( Asturias ' regional legislature ) from 1983 onwards.

Unlike the Principate army, the army of the 4th century was heavily dependent on conscription and its soldiers were more poorly remunerated than in the 2nd century.

Neratius Marcellus was a friend of Pliny the Younger and their letters discussing the Roman Principate are recorded.

Roger of Salerno ( or Roger of the Principate ) ( died June 28, 1119 ) was regent of the Principality of Antioch from 1112 to 1119.

He was the son of Richard of the Principate and the 2nd cousin of Tancred, Prince of Galilee, both participants on the First Crusade.

It was imported from Rhodes, as part of the incredible collection of artwork and sculpture owned by Asinius Pollio, a Roman politician who lived during the years between the Republic and the Principate.

After the rise of the Principate, there was little need for the Senate to issue the decree again.

The death of Alexander is considered as the end of the Principate system established by Augustus.

Caligula accepted the powers of the Principate as conferred by the Senate and entered Rome on 28 March amid a crowd that hailed him as " our baby " and " our star ," among other nicknames.

Since the fall of the Republic, the authority of the Roman Senate had largely eroded under the quasi-monarchical system of government established by Augustus, known as the Principate.

As the Republic wore on, the term of military service increased from ten to the sixteen years formalised by Augustus in the Principate.

Under the Principate, all such spectacular displays came under Imperial control: the most lavish were subsidised by emperors, and lesser events were provided by magistrates as a sacred duty and privilege of office.

During the Principate, most banking activities were conducted by private individuals, not by such large banking firms as exist today ; almost all moneylenders in the Empire were private individuals because anybody that had any additional capital and wished to lend it out could easily do so.

The Principate is characterized by a concerted effort on the part of the Emperors to preserve the illusion of the formal continuance of the Roman Republic.

After Diocletian, however, Emperors started to wear jeweled robes and shoes, in contrast with the simple toga praetexta used by Principate Emperors in emulation of Augustus.

* In the Principate, high administrative offices tended to be separated from military command ( transferred to imperial legates ), but the various not strictly military functions still had to be acquitted, so there was a mainly civilian ' company ' of clerks, advisors, retainers etcetera, still referred to be such terms as cohors ( amicorum ), amici ( possibly specified by the pivotal personality, e. g. Amici principis around the Emperor ).

Although in political reality adoption was an alternative technique to aim for the same result in terms of succession ( succeeding to produce one genealogically " false " but politically satisfactory dynasty of so-called " Adoptive Emperors "), constitutionally, this was a horror as the republic had never been abandoned in law, so monarchical succession in the Principate, however realistic, was officially out of the question, regardless of the trappings during the Dominate ; designation could at least be justified by qualitative criteria.

A vexillatio ( plural vexillationes ) was a detachment of a Roman legion formed as a temporary task force created by the Roman Army of the Principate.

Throughout the early years of the Principate although the Consuls were still formally elected by the Comitia Centuriata, they were in fact nominated by the princeps.

which had been used by politicians during the Republic had been eliminated, mostly due to the efforts of Pompeius Magnus and, with the founding of the Principate, had become moot since power no longer resided in the Senate and elected officials.