The Rabbis in ancient times had to explain exactly what the term meant, and what activity was prohibited to be done on the Sabbath.

Specifically, the Rabbis noted the symmetry between Genesis 2: 1 – 3 and Exodus 31: 1 – 11 — the same term melakha (" work ") is used in both places, and that in Genesis 2: 1 – 3 what God was " ceasing from " was " creation " or " creating ".

Many Conservative Rabbis embrace the term theistic evolution, and reject the term intelligent design.

The Rabbis claimed leadership over all Jews, and added to the Amidah the birkat haMinim, a prayer which in part exclaims, " Praised are You O Lord, who breaks enemies and defeats the arrogant ," and which is understood as a rejection of sectarians and sectarianism.

" This series has done more to set us Jews right with the ' goyim ' than all the sermons ever preached by the Rabbis ," wrote one Jewish educator.

In the case of a minor brother, who could not legally sign the document, the institution of the " shetar bit ' hon halizah ," established by the Rabbis for such cases, had the father of the bridegroom promise to pay money to the bride if the minor son should later refuse the halizah ceremony ( ib.

On the other hand, against the novel and minority view of Rabbis Bigman and Shammah, Rabbi Cherney notes that, e find that Shmuel's claim that it various violations of the normative laws of tzniut is permitted " for the sake of Heaven, הכל לשם שמים ," the act is normatively forbidden, but permitted because it gives no sexual pleasure in the given time and place is quoted by later authorities.

The Rabbis claimed leadership over all Jews, and added to the Amidah the birkat haMinim ( see Council of Jamnia ), a prayer which in part exclaims, " Praised are You O Lord, who breaks enemies and defeats the arrogant ," and which is understood as a rejection of sectarians and sectarianism.

After the publication of his book The Dignity of Difference, a group of Haredi rabbis, most notably Rabbis Yosef Shalom Elyashiv and Bezalel Rakow, accused Sacks of heresy against what they consider the traditional Orthodox viewpoint ( although many Orthodox Jews and others as well consider the Haredi ' im sector " ultra-Orthodox " rather than merely " Orthodox ," see Haredi article ).

Even so, klezmorim — along with other entertainers — were typically looked down on by Rabbis because of their secular traveling lifestyle.

He evinces little regard for science, as, for instance, when he asserts that it is forbidden to determine the beginning of the new moon by calculation, after the manner of the Rabbis, because such calculations are condemned like astrology, and the practise of them is threatened with severe punishment, according to Isaiah xlvii.

Indeed, Maimonides, one of the great Rabbis of the Middle Ages, wrote that if science and Torah were misaligned, it was either because science was not understood or the Torah was misinterpreted.

The Rabbis believe that this event occurred on Sabbath, not just because no more supplies were needed, but also because the people were not allowed to carry those supplies to the Levite camp.

Others suggest that the Rabbis issued this ruling because they feared the repercussions if their leading figure, Eybeschütz, was found to be a Sabbatean.

Organized Prayer is a rarer phenomenon than its individual counterpart, mainly because any religious structure as currently understood was introduced by the Rabbis.

The liberalizing responsum, adopted as a majority opinion by 13 of 25 votes, was authored by Rabbis Elliot N. Dorff, Daniel Nevins, and Avram Reisner.

While this approach, requiring absolute purity, was rejected by other ancient Rabbis, for example ' he who is not for the name of God, will become for the name of God ', and a middle approach was adopted by Jews as standard.

In Jewish tradition, Rabbis blame Satan for saturating the vine with intoxicating properties from the blood of certain animals, thus Noah behaved not knowing what he was doing.

Some classical-era Rabbis, attacking Solomon's moral character, have claimed instead that the child was an ancestor of Nebuchadnezzar II, who destroyed Solomon's temple some 300 years later.

Asmodeus, king of demons, was one day, according to the classical Rabbis, captured by Benaiah using the ring, and was forced to remain in Solomon's service.

The Rabbis claim this was a divine punishment for Solomon having failed to follow three divine commands, and Solomon was forced to wander from city to city, until he eventually arrived in an Ammonite city where he was forced to work in the king's kitchens.

Samuel is also described by the Rabbis as having been extremely intelligent ; he argued that it was legitimate for laymen to slaughter sacrifices, since the Halakha only insisted that the priests bring the blood ( cf, Zebahim 32a ).

Eli, who was viewed negatively by many Classical Rabbis, is said to have reacted to this logic of Samuel by arguing that it was technically true, but Samuel should be put to death for making legal statements while Eli ( his mentor ) was present.

As the Rabbis were required to face a new reality — mainly Judaism without a Temple ( to serve as the center of teaching and study ) and Judea without at least partial autonomy — there was a flurry of legal discourse and the old system of oral scholarship could not be maintained.

According to rabbinic tradition, the Tosefta was redacted by Rabbis Ḥiya and Oshaiah ( a student of Ḥiya ).

The next platform – The Guiding Principles of Reform Judaism (" The Columbus Platform ") – was published by the Central Conference of American Rabbis ( CCAR ) in 1937.

Ideally, a local Judenrat was to include Rabbis and other influential people of their local Jewish community.

Zundel Salant was a student of Rabbis Chaim Volozhin and Akiva Eiger whose profoundly good-hearted and humble behavior and simple lifestyle attracted Yisrael Salanter's interest, and Zundel Salant allegedly urged Salanter to focus himself on Musar.

It was Sa ' adya, who laid foundations for Jewish rationalist theology which built upon the work of Mu ' tazilah, thereby shifting Rabbinic Judaism from mythical explanations of the Rabbis to reasoned explanations of the intellect.

: The Rabbis, interpreting " Azazel " as Azaz (" rugged "), and el (" strong "), refer it to the rugged and rough mountain cliff from which the scapegoat was cast down on Yom Kippur when the Jewish Temples in Jerusalem stood.

Rabbis with these views did not claim that it was idolatry in the same sense as pagan idolatry in Biblical times, but that it relied on idolatrous forms of worship ( i. e. to a Trinity of gods and to statues and saints ) ( see Babylonian Talmud Hullin, 13b ).

Isaac Kalimi explains that the “ lex talionis was humanized by the Rabbis who interpreted " an eye for an eye " to mean resonable pecuniary compensation.

In 1886, prominent Sephardic Rabbis Sabato Morais and H. Pereira Mendes founded the Jewish Theological Seminary ( JTS ) in New York City as a more traditional alternative to Hebrew Union College.

Although most congregations hire one or more Rabbis, the use of a professional hazzan is generally declining in American congregations, and the use of professionals for other offices is rarer still.

Samuel is also treated by the Classical Rabbis as a much more sympathetic character than he appears at face value in the Bible ; his annual circuit is explained as being due to his wish to spare people the task of having to journey to him ; Samuel is said to have been very rich, taking his entire household with him on the circuit so that he didn't need to impose himself on anyone's hospitality ; when Saul fell out of God's favour, Samuel is described as having grieved copiously and having prematurely aged.

Although the Rabbis lacked authority to impose capital punishment " Flagellation and heavy fines, combined with an extensive system of excommunication were more than enough to uphold the authority of the courts.

" In fact, the Rabbis took over more and more power from the Reish Galuta until eventually R ' Ashi assumed the title Rabbana, heretofore assumed by the exilarch, and appeared together with two other Rabbis as an official delegation " at the gate of King Yazdegard's court.

The Ben Ish Chai, Kaf Ha ' Chaim, and much more recently, the Yalkut Yosef are similar works by Sephardic Rabbis for their communities.

Prominent recent authorities who have written commentaries on the work include Rabbis Meir Simcha of Dvinsk ( Ohr Somayach ), Chaim Soloveitchik ( Chiddushei Rabbeinu Chaim ), Yitzchok Isaac Krasilschikov ( Tevunah ), Isser Zalman Meltzer ( Even HaEzel ) and, more recently, the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson ( Hadran al HaRambam ), Elazar Shach ( Avi Ezri ) and Rabbi Yosef Kapach.

That being said, Sephardic and Mizrachi Rabbis tend to hold different, and generally more lenient, positions on halacha than their Ashkenazi counterparts, but since these positions are based on rulings of Talmudic scholars as well as well documented traditions that can be linked back to well known codifiers of Jewish law, Ashkenazi and Hasidic Rabbis do not believe that these positions are incorrect, but rather that they are the appropriate interpretation of halacha for Jews of Sephardic and Mizrachi descent.

While Manhigut's co-founder, Shmuel Sackett, had close ties with Rabbis Meir and Binyamin Ze ' ev Kahane, there is little evidence directly connecting Feiglin with Kahane, although there are several ideological similarities between them, such as supporting " induced emigration ", developing a legal system more consistent with Halakha, and restricting Israeli citizenship to Jews.

Jokes have been made about the shifting of gender roles ( in the more traditional Orthodox movement, women marry at a young age and have many children, while the more liberal Conservative and Reform movements make gender roles more egalitarian, even ordaining women as Rabbis ).

Both traditional religious and secular scholars agree that ritual washing in Judaism was derived by the Rabbis of the Talmud from a more extensive set of ritual washing and purity practices in use in the days of the Temple in Jerusalem, based on various verses in the Hebrew Bible and received traditions.

Of the more notable Rabbis of this group was R ' Yechiel of Paris, the main orator for the Jewish representatives, as well as Rabbi Moses of Coucy ( the SMaG ).

et Commentariis Rabbinorum ( 2 vols., 1618 ; 4 vols., 1618 – 1619 ), containing, in addition to the Hebrew text, the Aramaic Paraphrases of Targums, punctuated after the analogy of the Aramaic passages in Ezra and Daniel ( a proceeding which has been condemned by Richard Simon and others ), and the Commentaries of the more celebrated Rabbis, with various other treatises.