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The Rockingham Whigs or Rockinghamite Whigs in 18th century British politics were a faction of the Whigs led by Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, when he was the opposition leader in the House of Lords during the government of Lord North ( 1732 – 1792 ) from 1770 to 1782 and during the two Rockingham ministries of 1765-66 and 1782.
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Rockingham and Whigs
The Rockingham Whigs claimed the mantle of " Old Whigs ", as the purported successors of the party of the Pelhams and the great Whig families.
With such noted intellectuals as Edmund Burke behind them, the Rockingham Whigs laid out a philosophy which for the first time extolled the virtues of faction, or at least their faction.
The North administration left power in March 1782 following the American Revolution, and a coalition of the Rockingham Whigs and the former Chathamites, now led by the Earl of Shelburne, took its place.
* Rockingham Whigs
Many Whigs who had formed a part of the Rockingham ministry, including Fox, now refused to serve under the new Prime Minister.
Previously Burgoyne had been a Tory-leaning supporter of the North government but following his return from Saratoga he began to associate with the Rockingham Whigs.
He became the patron of many Whigs, known as the Rockingham Whigs, and served as a leading Whig grandee.
During his stay in Rome Rockingham noted that amongst Englishmen Whigs outnumbered Jacobites four-to-one and there were " no Persons of rank about the Pretender " and that " the vile spirit of Jacobitism " was greatly declining.
In 1753 the Rockingham Club was formed, containing the first Rockingham Whigs.
Rockingham believed that the revolution in British politics since George III's accession was harmful to the country, since it removed the Whigs from their ascendancy which had settled the constitution and secured the House of Hanover on the British throne.
Rockingham resigned as Lord of the Bedchamber on 3 November 1762 in protest at the King's policies and other Whigs associated with the Duke of Newcastle did the same.
The old Rockingham party fragmented, with Fox and the Duke of Portland leading a coalition of Whigs.
The Rockingham Whigs.
North's government then fell to be replaced by a weak coalition of Whigs led by the Marquess of Rockingham.
Becoming prominent among the Whigs, Dowdeswell was made Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1765 under the Marquess of Rockingham, and his short tenure of this position appears to have been a successful one, he being in Lecky's words a good financier, but nothing more.
He associated with the Rockingham Whigs and rose to hold the post of Southern Secretary.
In politics he supported the Rockingham Whigs.
The Whigs under Lord Rockingham came to power, but Thurlow nevertheless managed to cling on as Lord Chancellor.
The board carried on this work but also had long periods of inactivity, devolving into chaos after 1761 and abolished in 1782 by an act of Parliament by the Rockingham Whigs.
Rockingham and 18th
A column was built in the late 18th century to commemorate his acquittal, commissioned in 1778 by Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham and designed by John Carr.
The town is home to an 18th century folly called Lowe Stand, more often referred to in documents as Law Stand, built as a lookout and hunting lodge shortly before his death by the first Marquess of Rockingham, at the highest point in the area some 593 ft above sea level.
In the latter 17th and 18th centuries, Rockingham returned to being a civil residence and family seat of the Marquesses of Rockingham.
In the final four races, he finished 13th at Atlanta and 18th at Rockingham.
In what proved to be his final year as a driver, he was later 16th in the spring race at Bristol, 18th in Bristol's fall race, and 17th at Dover in September before his final race at Rockingham that fall.
Rockingham and century
The $ 47 million facility replaced a more than century old courthouse in Rockingham County and includes courthouse, jail, and sheriff's office.
In the early 19th century, a large migration from Rockingham, North Carolina, brought the Adams, Allen, Barnes, Cyrus, Fields, Glenn, Irion, Johnson, Peay, Scales, Taylor, Vernon, Wisener and other families to the area.
By the 15th century only Windsor, Leeds, Rockingham and Moor End were kept up as comfortable accommodation ; Nottingham and York formed the backbone for royal authority in the north, and Chester, Gloucester and Bristol forming the equivalents in the west.
* Rockingham Pottery, a 19th century Yorkshire manufacturer of porcelain that benefitted from the patronage of the descendants of the Marquesses of Rockingham
The future CEO of Rockingham Motor Speedway stamped his authority on the championship with a hat-trick of titles as the 20th century closed.
The King family acquired the land around Lough Key in the 17th century Cromwellian Settlement, renaming the area from Moylurg to Rockingham.
It was not his relationship to Lord Rockingham, though no doubt an advantage, nor his princely fortune, though a yet greater, which conferred the sort of importance he enjoyed for half a century in this country.
William the Conqueror ordered the construction of a wooden Motte and Bailey at Rockingham in the 11th century shortly after the Norman Invasion of Britain.
By the late 15th century Rockingham Castle had fallen into disrepair.
Rockingham and British
The county is named for Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, a British statesman ( 1730 – 1782 ).
However, long their political supporter in the British Parliament, the Marquess of Rockingham was a popular figure with the citizens of the new United States.
It was named for Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, British Prime Minister from 1765 to 1766 and again in 1782.
The British government also made overtures to the Dutch to come to a speedy conclusion of hostilities, especially after the Cabinet of Lord North had been replaced by that of Rockingham and Fox in March, 1782.
In April 1746 Rockingham's father was made a marquis ( remaining the only marquis in the British peerage for quite some time ) and Rockingham himself assumed the courtesy title of Earl of Malton.
However Rockingham also passed the Declaratory Act, which asserted that the British Parliament had the right to legislate for the American colonies in all cases whatsoever.
* Operation Rockingham, a British government codename relating to operations with regard to Iraq
* Marquess of Rockingham, a British title of nobility whose holders included:
The Duke of Richmond was appointed British ambassador extraordinary in Paris in 1765, and in the following year he briefly served as Southern Secretary in the Rockingham Whig administration, resigning office on the accession to power of The Earl of Chatham.
Wentworth was responsible for naming them, choosing names of current British leaders ( including Rockingham ), but also name Strafford County after one of his distant relatives, Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford.
The codename hit the headlines after the invasion of Iraq in 2003, over allegations that Operation Rockingham was a propaganda effort within the British intelligence world.
The article claimed, based on Ritter's allegations, that the Rockingham cell was at the center of various British and US intelligence organisations collecting information on Iraq's WMD, and that the unit dealt with intelligence obtained from a variety of sources, including Iraqi defectors and the UN arms inspections organisation in Iraq UNSCOM, which Rockingham had penetrated.
According to Ritter, the British weapons expert David Kelly, played an important role in Operation Rockingham.
* Rockingham has held rounds of the British F3 championship in 2002 and 2003, before becoming a regular venue from 2007 onwards.
" British Party Politics and Imperial Control: The Rockingham Whigs and Ireland 1765-1782 ," Parliamentary History, Nov 2002, Vol.
In 1987 An Phoblacht put him on a blacklist of British sympathisers after the airing of The Rockingham Shoot.
He did test a Dale Coyne Champ Car to help prepare Darren Manning for a one-off in the first CART race in Britain at Rockingham, and raced in the British round of the World Rally Championship.
Edmund Burke served in the British House of Commons, representing the Whig party, in close alliance with liberal politician Lord Rockingham.
Aside running his long running car dealership, he has done several guest drives since, including appearances in a Dodge Viper in the British GT series, an ASCAR race at Rockingham, twelve Bathurst 1000s with a best finish of 2nd in the 2001 event, co driving with Brad Jones, and the BTCC Masters race in 2004.
0.655 seconds.