* 1896 – In Athens, the opening of the first modern Olympic Games is celebrated, 1, 500 years after the original games are banned by Roman Emperor Theodosius I.

* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.

* 313 – Battle of Tzirallum: Emperor Licinius defeats Maximinus II and unifies the Eastern Roman Empire.

* 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.

* 1806 – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates ending the Holy Roman Empire.

* 1697 – Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor ( d. 1745 )

* 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople – A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths in present-day Turkey.

Schweitzer concludes that the 1st century theology, originating in the lifetimes of those who first followed Jesus, is both incompatible with, and far removed from, those beliefs later made official by the Roman Emperor Constantine in 325 CE.

Francis I of France recognizes Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, recognizes Francis's claim to Milan.

* 286 – Emperor Diocletian elevates his general Maximian to co-emperor with the rank of Augustus and gives him control over the Western regions of the Roman Empire.

* 1203 – Isaac II Angelos, restored Eastern Roman Emperor, declares his son Alexios IV Angelos co-emperor after pressure from the forces of the Fourth Crusade.

Antoninus Pius (; born 19 September 86AD – died 7 March 161AD ), also known as Antoninus, was Roman Emperor from 138AD to 161AD.

* Annia Galeria Faustina Minor or Faustina the Younger ( between 125 – 130 – 175 ), a future Roman Empress, married her maternal cousin, future Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius in 146.

The family of Antoninus Pius and Faustina the Elder also represents one of the few periods in ancient Roman history where the position of Emperor passed smoothly from father to son.

* 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor Theodosius II to a monastery in Egypt.

Augustus (, September 23, 63 BC – August 19, 14 AD ) was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.

| SHORT DESCRIPTION = first Roman Emperor

* 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the magister militum Ricimer.

* 1521 – Martin Luther's first appearance before the Diet of Worms to be examined by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and the other estates of the empire.

He was a very popular political figure, and since he was the Governor in the effective capital in the Roman West, he was a recognizable figure in the court of the Emperor Valentinian I. Ambrose never married.

* Adrian of Nicomedia ( died 306 ), martyr and Herculian Guard of the Roman Emperor Galerius Maximian

* 982 – Holy Roman Emperor Otto II is defeated by the Saracens in the battle of Capo Colonna, in Calabria

* 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Between 1950 and 1960, van Vogt produced collections, notable fixups such as: The Mixed Men ( 1952 ) and The War Against the Rull ( 1959 ), and the two " Clane " novels, Empire of the Atom ( 1957 ) and The Wizard of Linn ( 1962 ), which were inspired ( like Asimov's Foundation series ) by the fall of the Roman Empire, specifically Claudius.

* 10 BC – Claudius, Roman emperor ( d. 54 )

When the Gothic campaign ended in Roman victory at the Battle of Naissus in September, Gallienus ' successor Claudius II Gothicus turned north to deal with the Alemanni, who were swarming over all Italy north of the Po River.

Livia was the first Roman Empress and was Augustus ’ third wife ( from Livia ’ s first marriage to praetor Tiberius Nero, she had two sons: the emperor Tiberius and the general Nero Claudius Drusus.

Agrippina's paternal uncle, Claudius, brother of her father Germanicus, became the new Roman Emperor.

In Roman society, an uncle ( Claudius ) marrying his niece ( Agrippina ) was considered incestuous, and obviously immoral.

Roman aureus depicting Agrippina and Claudius, c. 50 / 54

On the day that Agrippina married her uncle Claudius as her third husband / his fourth wife, she became an Empress and the most powerful woman in the Roman Empire.

Also that year, Claudius had founded a Roman colony and called the colony Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensis or Agrippinensium, today known as Cologne, after Agrippina who was born there.

These were rededicated during the early Roman Empire to Augustus or Claudius ( uncertain ), and Agrippa, respectively.

* 355 – Claudius Silvanus, accused of treason, proclaims himself Roman Emperor against Constantius II.

* Claudius Aelianus, Roman teacher and historian of the 3rd century, who wrote in Greek

Driven off by Roman forces, the coalition host moved overland into Thracia, where finally it was crushed by emperor Claudius II ( r. 268-70 ) at Naissus ( 269 ).

They destroyed Camulodunum ( modern Colchester ), earlier the capital of the Trinovantes, but then a colonia ( a settlement for discharged Roman soldiers ) and the site of a temple to the former Emperor Claudius, which was built and maintained at local expense.

They initially were not part of the territory under direct Roman control, having voluntarily allied themselves to Rome following Claudius ' conquest of AD 43.

The Roman veterans who had been settled there mistreated the locals and a temple to the former emperor Claudius had been erected there at local expense, making the city a focus for resentment.

Clodius is an alternate form of the Roman nomen Claudius, a patrician gens that was traditionally regarded as Sabine in origin.

Claudius ( Latin: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ; 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54 ) was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54.

Claudius conducted a census in 48 that found 5, 984, 072 Roman citizens, an increase of around a million since the census conducted at Augustus ' death.

Roman sestertius struck under Claudius.

The port at Ostia was part of Claudius ' solution to the constant grain shortages that occurred in winter, after the Roman shipping season.

Roman sestertius issued during Claudius ' reign.

Bust of Roman Emperor Claudius

Claudius was concerned with the spread of eastern mysteries within the city and searched for more Roman replacements.