Thus the only member churches of the present Anglican Communion existing by the mid-18th century were the Church of England, its closely linked sister church, the Church of Ireland ( which also separated from Roman Catholicism under Henry VIII ) and the Scottish Episcopal Church which for parts of the 17th and 18th centuries was partially underground ( it was suspected of Jacobite sympathies ).

In 1284, Alexander invested the title of Lord of the Isles in the head of the Macdonald family, Angus Macdonald, and over the next two centuries the Macdonald lords operated as if they were kings in their own right, frequently opposing the Scottish monarch.

There were other significant populations of convicts from non-English speaking areas of Britain, such as the Scottish Highlands and Wales.

In 1944, his remains were moved to the House of the Temple, headquarters of the Southern Jurisdiction of the Scottish Rite.

Notably, he published a book called Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry in 1871, of which there were several subsequent editions.

* 1951 – The Stone of Scone, the stone upon which Scottish monarchs were traditionally crowned, is found on the site of the altar of Arbroath Abbey.

In the Scottish borders country, a system of beacon fires were at one time established to warn of incursions by the English.

Instead, from 1 January 1923, almost all the remaining companies were grouped into the " big four ", the Great Western Railway, the London and North Eastern Railway, the London, Midland and Scottish Railway and the Southern Railway companies ( there were also a number of other joint railways such as the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway and the Cheshire Lines Committee as well as special joint railways such as the Forth Bridge Railway, Ryde Pier Railway and at one time the East London Railway ).

In the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government ; burghs were the Scottish equivalent.

Between then and 1764, when a more formal revised version was published, a number of things happened which were to separate the Scottish Episcopal liturgy more firmly from either the English books of 1549 or 1559.

These changes were incorporated into the 1764 book which was to be the liturgy of the Scottish Episcopal Church ( until 1911 when it was revised ) but it was to influence the liturgy of the Episcopal Church in the United States.

The baronies of Knockinny and Maghenaboy were allotted to Scottish undertakers, those of Clankelly, Magherastephana and Lurg to English undertakers and those of Clanawley, Coole, and Tyrkennedy, to servitors and natives.

Relics of Columba were carried before Scottish armies in the reliquary made at Iona in the mid-8th century, called the Brecbennoch.

Barks once stated that his paternal ancestors were Dutch and his maternal ancestors were Scottish.

Charles's last years were marked by the English Civil War, in which he fought the forces of the English and Scottish parliaments, which challenged his attempts to overrule and negate parliamentary authority, whilst simultaneously using his position as head of the English Church to pursue religious policies which generated the antipathy of reformed groups such as the Puritans.

Some of his pamphlets were purported to be written by Scots, misleading even reputable historians into quoting them as evidence of Scottish opinion of the time.

The others were a letter from the King of Scots, Robert I, and a letter from four Scottish bishops which all presumably made similar points.

When elections were held to the newly created Scottish Parliament in 1999, as leader of the Scottish Labour Party and through a coalition with the Liberal Democrats, Dewar became the inaugural holder of the First Minister of Scotland post.

By-elections were also held to the Westminster and Scottish Parliament constituency of Glasgow Anniesland.

The first elections to the Scottish Parliament were held on 6 May 1999, with Dewar leading the Scottish Labour Party against their main opponents, the SNP under Alex Salmond.

The Scottish cricket team, who represent Scotland at cricket internationally and in the Friends Provident Trophy, play their home matches at The Grange.

Under Principal Samuel Curran, internationally respected nuclear physicist ( and inventor of the scintillation counter ), the Royal College gained University Status, receiving its Royal Charter to become The University of Strathclyde in 1964, merging with the Scottish College of Commerce at the same time.

In his review in Variety magazine, film critic Todd McCarthy wrote, " After making the grade internationally with the sleeper hit, Gregory's Girl, Scottish writer-director Bill Forsyth has broken the sophomore sesh jinx the only way he could, by making an even better film ...

The Juniors also play internationally, with the best players being picked to play for the Scottish Junior international team against other countries ' non-league select teams.

Shirley Ann Manson ( born 26 August 1966 ) is a Scottish recording artist and actress, best known internationally as the lead vocalist of the alternative rock band Garbage.

Those with articles listed on this page either do not have clear English, Scottish, Welsh, or Northern Irish origins yet are British citizens ( or have competed for Great Britain internationally ) or do but the information presented in their articles does not indicate of which British origins they are.

His albums, such as Scottish Soldier, The Best of Andy Stewart and Andy Stewart's Scotland, were also popular internationally.

NMS is one of the country's National Collections, and holds internationally important collections of natural sciences, decorative arts, world cultures, science and technology, and Scottish history and archaeology.

While SCregistrars, a company who marketed. sc domains to a target audience of Scottish sites, has since closed down the. sc extension remains available through the Afilias Global platform via various well-known registrars internationally for direct registration at second-level.

Cape Breton is internationally known for unusual styles of Cape Breton fiddling, which is derived from Scottish techniques.

After a crash in Scotland involving “ an internationally famous racing champ ” a Zonda S owned by Scottish gas industry Tycoon Gareth Jones was sent to the Pagani factory and became the one-off custom built Zonda GJ.

Moira Shearer, Lady Kennedy ( 17 January 1926 – 31 January 2006 ), was an internationally famous Scottish ballet dancer and actress.

Over their 23-year collaboration Ian Hamilton Finlay and Sue Finlay established Little Sparta as an internationally renowned composition, a combination of avant-garden experiment, Scottish wit and whimsy and the English landscape garden tradition.

This last course, BA ( Hons ) Scottish Cultural Studies is a groundbreaking interdisciplinary programme which has been internationally recognised by receiving the 2005 Times Higher Education Supplement Award for Most Imaginative Use of Distance Learning.

In Scottish Gaelic, the month is known as either ( An ) Cèitean or a ' Mhàigh, and the festival is known as Latha Bealltainn or simply Bealltainn.

In Scottish Mythology a similar creature is known as the Bean nighe or ban nigheachain ( little washerwoman ) or nigheag na h-àth ( little washer at the ford ).

These styles are known because of the importance of Irish and Scottish people in the English speaking world, especially in the United States, where they had a profound impact on American music, particularly bluegrass and country music.

Islanders ' accents retain elements passed down from English, Scottish, and Welsh settlers ( among others ) in a language variety known as Cayman Creole.

Cape Breton is well known for its traditional fiddle music, which was brought to North America by Scottish immigrants during the Highland Clearances.

Saint Columba ( 7 December 521 – 9 June 597 AD )— also known as Colum Cille, or Chille ( Old Irish, meaning " dove of the church "), Colm Cille ( Irish ), Calum Cille ( Scottish Gaelic ), Colum Keeilley ( Manx Gaelic ) and Kolban or Kolbjørn ( Old Norse )— was a Gaelic Irish missionary monk who propagated Christianity among the Picts during the Early Medieval Period.

British settlement of the Maritimes, as the colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island came to be known, accelerated throughout the late 18th century and into the 19th century with significant immigration to the region as a result of Scottish migrants displaced by the Highland Clearances and Irish escaping the Great Irish Famine ( 1845-1849 ).

David Hume ( 25 August 1776 ) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, known especially for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism.

They are known locally as Hearts and Hibs and both teams currently play in the Scottish Premier League.

By the 1930s, the five-line cinquain verse form became widely known in the poetry of the Scottish poet William Soutar.

In the early 20th century there was a new surge of activity in Scottish literature, influenced by modernism and resurgent nationalism, known as the Scottish Renaissance.

The number of Scottish seats represented by Unionists ( known as Conservatives from 1965 onwards ) went into steady decline from 1959 onwards, until it fell to zero in 1997.

The introduction in 1989 by the Thatcher-led Conservative government of the Community Charge ( widely known as the Poll Tax ), one year before the rest of the United Kingdom, contributed to a growing movement for a return to direct Scottish control over domestic affairs.

Learners who wish to use purportedly correct English are in fact faced with the dual standard of American English and British English, and other less known standard Englishes ( including Australian, Scottish and Canadian ).

John Napier of Merchiston ( 1550 – 4 April 1617 ) – also signed as Neper, Nepair – named Marvellous Merchiston, was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer and astrologer.

By the following year Dalglish was a full professional and a regular member of the highly-rated Celtic reserve team that became known as the Quality Street Gang, due to its having a large number of future Scottish internationals, including Danny McGrain, George Connelly, Lou Macari, and David Hay.

Although there is no strict size definition, a small loch is often known as a lochan ( so spelled also in Scottish Gaelic ; in Irish it is spelled lochán ).

Until the early 1970s there was large apiary which was well known in the region and has lived on in the Scottish country dance " The Bees of Maggieknockater ".

The island is known in Scottish Gaelic as Eilean a ' Phrionnsa ( lit.

While First-past-the-post voting is commonly found in countries based on the British parliamentary system, and in Westminster elections in the United Kingdom, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh National Assembly use a form of PR known as the mixed member system, after New Zealand adopted it in 1993.

In the English-speaking world, the stereotyped Scottish rolled is well known.

Robert I ( 11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329 ), popularly known as Robert the Bruce ( Medieval Gaelic: Roibert a Briuis ; modern Scottish Gaelic: Raibeart Bruis ; Norman French: Robert de Brus or Robert de Bruys ), was King of Scots from 25 March 1306, until his death in 1329.

A recent critic, who is a legal as well as a literary scholar, argues that Old Mortality not only reflects the evolution of Scottish nationalism but also invokes a foundational moment in British sovereignty, namely, the Act of Habeas corpus ( also known as the Great Writ ), passed by the English Parliament in 1679.