Lebanon ’ s majority Shi ' a Islam in Lebanon | Shi ’ a areas as of July 2006, where Hezbollah is most prominent.

* Fatima bint Asad, Muhammad's aunt, the mother of first Shi ’ a Imam Ali bin Abu Talib, and the mother-in-law of Muhammad's daughter, Fatima Zahra

* Islamic Centre, Estreham Road ( Shi ’ a )

The tomb mound is located at the foot of Mount Li as an earthen pyramid, and Qin Shi Huangdi ’ s necropolis complex was constructed as a microcosm of his imperial palace or compound.

There, he made plans for the capture of the fortress, which was surrounded by a fertile valley whose inhabitants were mainly fellow Shi ’ i Muslims, the support of whom Hasan could easily gather for the revolt against the Seljuqs.

Iraqis with a Shi ’ a background felt underrepresented in Garner ’ s selection for government.

Three of the five officials appointed as key members in Iraq ’ s new government were of Sunni background, one official was form a mixed Sunni-Shi ’ a background, and only one of the officials was of pure Shi ’ a background.

The Shi ’ a felt left out and underrepresented, considering they comprise over 60 % of the Iraqi population.

Two main issues dominated his term in office: conscription and Shi ’ i discontent.

On the other side, Shi ’ is found it repugnant and the various tribes who wished to be autonomous found it threatening.

Further complicating al-Askari ’ s term was the growing Shi ’ i discontent in Iraq with massive protests occurring across the country in response to a book written by a Sunni official criticizing the Shi ’ i majority as well as the promotion of the commanding officer of an army unit that opened fire on Shiite demonstrators during a rally.

Al-Askari resigned as prime minister in December 1927 as a result of the cool reception the draft treaty received among the Iraqi people and the growing discontent in the Shi ’ i majority.

Accepting Shang Yang ’ s earlier emphasis on the standardization of weights and measures, the Qin Shi Huang would also accept Shang Yang ’ s philosophy that no individual in the state should be above the law ( by ensuring harsh punishments for all cases of dissent ) and that families should be divided into smaller households.

The Shi ’ a and Institute for Shia Ismaili Studies in London's Shia ' ism researcher Wilferd Madelung believe that Malik was poisoned by Muawiyah I.

* Madelung, W. and Walker, P .-The Advent of the Fatimids: A Contemporary Shi ' i Witness, I. B.

Shi ' a Muslims believe that Ali, the son-in-law and cousin of Muhammad, should have replaced Muhammad as Caliph and that Caliphs were to assume authority through appointment by God rather than being chosen by the people.

Shi ' as however, believe that the real grave of Ali is found within Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq, as was disclosed by the Sixth Twelver Shi ' a Imam, Ja ' far as-Sadiq.

Unlike Akhbari Twelver Shi ' a, Usuli Twelver Shi ' a scholars do not believe that everything in the four major books is authentic.

Shi ' a Muslims believe it to be the dawn of 17th of the month of Rabi '- ul-Awwal, corresponding to April 27, 571.

The Shi ' ite believe that the return of the Mahdi ( Messiah ) will herald in " the messianic age of justice " and the Messiah will end plunder, torture, oppression and discrimination.

Shi ' a Muslims believe that when the world becomes oppressed, the Imam Mahdi ( also termed the Qa ' im ) will come out of occultation and restore true religion on Earth before the cataclysmic end of the world and judgement day.

Nonetheless, Shi ' as claim that they are falsely accused of this, as they believe, like Sunnis, that the Qur ' an has never been changed and it is with reference from sunni hadeeth books that this inference is drawn not only by uninformed shias but sunnis too.

Some believe that traces of Shi ' ism can be dated back to Ilkhanate period.

The Shi ' a school of thought believe that Muhammad had clearly indicated that Ali was his appointed infallible ruler of Muslim nation regardless of shura, a recommendation that was ignored by the first three caliphs.

Shi ' a do not stress the role of shura in choosing leaders, but believe that the divine vice-regent is chosen by God, or Allah, from the lineage of Muhammad ( Ahl al-Bayt ).

* There are some scholars who believe this character may be originated from the first disciple of Xuan Zang, Shi Banto.

* Shi ' a Muslims believe that the imaamate ( leadership ) was the right of Ali, and the rule of the first three Rashidun caliphs ( Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Umar bin al-Khattab, and Uthman ibn Affan ) was unlawful.

Sunnis believe that it is allowed to deny faith under compulsion, threat, or fear of injury, as long as the heart remains firm in faith, but they also greatly disagree with some of the Shi ' a points of view.

Shi ' ites believe that Muhammad had said: To whomsoever I am Mawla, ‘ Alī is his Mawla '.

Another small sect is the Shi ’ a Zaidi also known as the Fivers and which does not believe in The Occultation.

Sunnis and other Shi ' ites believe that the Mahdi has not yet been born, and therefore his exact identity is only known to Allah.

The Sunnis believe Abu Bakr was elected as Muhammad's successor while the Shi ' a ( literally " party Ali ") believe Muhammad appointed Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor.

Shia Muslims believe that he converted to Shi ' ism and abdicated, by saying that he could " smell the blood of Ahl ul-Bayt " from the throne.

Al-Yawar adamantly affirmed that " Saddam did not believe in any religion or sect – his injustices were inflicted on Sunnis, Shi ' is, Kurds and all other national groups and sects.

Shi ' a Muslims believe that Muhammad had settled the question before his death, by indicating that he wanted Fatima's husband Ali as his successor-since the practice of naming a successor was a tradition from all of the previous prophets.

Some Shi ' a believe that Fatima was buried in the Jannat al-Baqi cemetery, in Medina, and that her grave there is now marked.

Others believe that she might have been buried in other locations in Medina and that Shi ' a should pray at all three locations to be sure of honoring her grave.

According to Mughatil ibn Bakri, a staff member of the Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad, Nizam al-Mulk himself was assassinated when he converted to Shi ' a after a Sunni-Shi ' a debate held by the orders of Sultan Malik Shah I, who was also killed.

Another report says that he was assassinated with Malik Shah I in the same year, after a debate between Sunni and Shi ' a scholars which was prepared by him by the orders of Malik Shah I and which resulted in converting him and the king to the Shi ' a ideology.

The Shi ’ ite Muslims practiced a ritual called Matam in 2002 in Britain ( Malik 2 ).

The Shi ’ ite Muslim festival of Ashura, an annual event dedicated to Imam Ali Hussein, the grandson of the prophet Muhammad includes a painful and religious ritual called Matam ( Malik 2 ).

A problem with this ceremony being practiced in Britain is that some Shi ’ ite children are given the opportunity to participate in the flagellation with Zanjeers ( Malik 2 ).