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The Shinkansen uses 1, 435 mm standard gauge in contrast to the 1, 067 mm narrow gauge of older lines.
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Shinkansen and uses
To enable high-speed operation, Shinkansen uses advanced technologies compared with conventional rail, and it achieved not only high speed but also a high standard of safety and comfort.
It uses tunnels and viaducts to go through and over obstacles rather than around them, with a minimum curve radius of 4, 000 meters ( 2, 500 meters on the oldest Tōkaidō Shinkansen ).
Shinkansen uses a 25, 000 V AC overhead power supply ( 20, 000 V AC on Mini-shinkansen lines ), to overcome the limitations of the 1, 500 V direct current used on the existing electrified narrow-gauge system.
This service is limited to the Sanyo Shinkansen, and uses special 8-car 700 series trains with a distinctive livery and a maximum speed of 285 km / h.
Although the line uses Shinkansen equipment, trains are officially designated as limited express trains.
It is the only shinkansen service that runs on the Akita Shinkansen, and uses E3 series trains.
The Tōkaidō Shinkansen uses Tracks 5 and 6, which are served by a separate island platform.
The N700 Shinkansen uses a three-level converter to convert single-phase AC to AC ( via transformer ) to DC ( via phase-controlled rectifier with thyristor ) to a maximum three-phase AC ( via a variable voltage, variable frequency inverter using IGBTs with pulse-width modulation ) to run the motors.
Shinkansen uses the standard gauge.
Shinkansen and 1
To meet the demand of commuters, JR sells commuter discount passes and operates 16 car bilevel E4 Series Shinkansen at rush hour, providing a capacity of 1, 600 seats.
The Tōkaidō Shinkansen began service on 1 October 1964, in time for the Tokyo Olympics.
The initial shinkansen fleet delivered for use on Hikari and Kodama services on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen from 1 October 1964 consisted of 30 12-car sets formed of 1st-and 2nd-batch cars.
Between October 2008 and June 2009, JR Central's fleet of 60 700 series sets underwent modifications to increase the acceleration from the original 1. 6 km / h / s to 2. 0 km / h / s on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen to improve timetable planning flexibility.
The fleet of thirteen N sets was constructed for the new Asama services on the newly-constructed Nagano Shinkansen to Nagano from 1 October 1997, and are classified simply E2.
* 1964 Tōkaidō Shinkansen opens on October 1 in time for the Tokyo Olympic Games starting on October 10.
The Shinkansen platforms were opened on October 1, 2003, to relieve
Electrification systems used by the JR group, Japan's formerly state owned operators, are 1, 500V DC and 20kV AC for conventional lines and 25kV AC for Shinkansen.
Electrification began in earnest for local railways in the 1920s and main lines electrification began following World War II using a universal 1, 500V DC standard and eventually, a 20kV standard for rapid intercity main lines ( this is often overlaying 1, 500V DC lines ) and a 25kV AC standard for high-speed Shinkansen lines ).
JR decided to build a station adjacent to the depot, and inaugurated service on 1 April 1990 with 0 Series Shinkansen trains.
If Gauge Change Trains are operated, the time will be cut to 1 hour 19 minutes, and if the entire route is converted to Shinkansen track, travel time will be just 41 minutes.
From 1 October 1964, following the opening of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, the name was reassigned to limited express trains operating between and.
In Japan, a scale of 1: 150 is used for the models of and in gauge trains, while a scale of 1: 160 is used for models of standard gauge Shinkansen ( Bullet Train ) models.
But, in the case of Shinkansen which adopted 1435mm of track gauge, so models of Shinkansen are scaled down to 1: 160.
* October 1, 1964: Inauguration of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen high-speed line
The first section, between and, currently called the Nagano Shinkansen, opened on 1 October 1997.
These services were inaugurated with the opening of the Tōhoku Shinkansen extension to Hachinohe on 1 December 2002.
* October 1, 1997: The Nagano Shinkansen opens, serving Karuizawa.
The Tōkaidō Shinkansen began operations at Atami from October 1, 1964.
Shinkansen and mm
* Akita Shinkansen – 20 kV AC 50 Hz, 1435 mm
The rail gauge is 1435 mm to allow the Yamagata Shinkansen to run on it.
Shinkansen and standard
Shinkansen track is standard gauge, extremely level, with welded rails to reduce vibration.
The Shinkansen name was first formally used in 1940 for a proposed standard gauge passenger and freight line between Tokyo and Shimonoseki that would have used steam and electric locomotives with a top speed of.
Unlike previous Japanese trains, the Tōkaidō Shinkansen and all subsequent Shinkansen lines were standard gauge ( between the rails ).
Like the original Shinkansen lines, the Kyushu Shinkansen is standard gauge.
In the case of the Japanese Shinkansen, the track was standard gauge, while the rest of the network was ; it was designed for running, track curves had minimum radii of and the required braking distance at was.
The standard gauge line is a short ( 1. 8 km ) branch line that extends from Echigo-Yuzawa Station on the Jōetsu Shinkansen to Gala-Yuzawa Station, but is officially classified as a branch of the ( narrow gauge ) Jōetsu Line.
The Narita Sky Access Line was built as standard gauge ( like the Shinkansen ), theoretically leaving a door open for eventual conversion.
Also, the Sky Access is electrified at 1500 V DC, whereas the Shinkansen standard is 25 kV AC.
Shinkansen and gauge
Like the 400 Series Shinkansen, these trains are built to a smaller loading gauge than mainline Shinkansen trains — the width and length of each car is reduced to fit on the narrower clearances of the ' mini-shinkansen '.
The Seikan Tunnel is being converted by Hokkaido Railway Company to dual gauge to accommodate the Hokkaido Shinkansen.
Shinkansen and lines
Multiple train and subway lines, a large highway building project, and the Tokaido Shinkansen, the fastest train in the world, were completed.
Starting with the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in 1964, the network has expanded to currently consist of of lines with maximum speeds of, of Mini-shinkansen lines with a maximum speed of, and of spur lines with Shinkansen services.
Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka was an ardent supporter of the Shinkansen, and his government proposed an extensive network paralleling most existing trunk lines.
Two new lines, the Tōhoku Shinkansen and Jōetsu Shinkansen, were built following this plan.
Many other planned lines were delayed or scrapped entirely as JNR slid into debt throughout the late ' 70s, largely because of the high cost of building the Shinkansen network.
Shinkansen routes are completely separate from conventional rail lines ( except Mini-shinkansen which goes through to conventional lines ).
A greater proportion of motored axles results in higher acceleration, meaning that the Shinkansen does not lose so much time if stopping frequently :-Shinkansen lines have more stops in proportion to their lengths than high-speed lines elsewhere in the world.
However, the vast construction costs of the Shinkansen network, particularly the later, less profitable lines often driven more by political interference than actual demand, imposed vast debt servicing costs on JNR that, by 1971, made JNR unprofitable even before depreciation.
Japan has six main regional passenger railway companies, known collectively as Japan Railways Group or simply as JR. Four JR companies operate the " bullet trains " on very fast and frequent Shinkansen lines that link all the larger cities, including Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kyoto, Osaka, Hiroshima, Fukuoka and many more.
* N700 Series Shinkansen ( except N700-7000 / 8000 series ) ( Japan, 2007 ), introduced by JR Central and JR West, used for Tōkaidō and Sanyō Shinkansen lines.
* E5 Series Shinkansen ( Japan, 2011 ), introduced by JR East, used for Tōhoku Shinkansen lines.
* E6 Series Shinkansen ( Japan, 2013 ), introduced by JR East, used for Tōhoku Shinkansen and Akita Shinkansen lines.
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