Jarnail Hari Singh Nalwa, the Commander-in-chief of the Sikh army along the North West Frontier, took the boundary of the Sikh Empire to the very mouth of the Khyber Pass.

It resulted in the subjugation of the Sikh Empire, and the annexation of the Punjab and what subsequently became the North-West Frontier Province by the East India Company.

* 1st Sikh Local Infantry and 2nd Sikh Local Infantry-1st and 2nd Battalions, 12th Frontier Force Regiment

The brigades Frontier designation was discontinued in 1847, and the four regiments became Sikh Local Infantry.

The four Sikh regiments were simply redesignated Sikh Infantry, Punjab Frontier Force.

The Frontier Revolt of 1897-8 saw the 3rd Sikh and 2nd Punjab Infantries employed in the Tirah Campaign, earning them the honors T and P F. The 5th Gurkha Rifles was also awarded P F.

In September 1897, 4 Sikh was deployed in Khanki valley on Samana ridge in North-West Frontier Province ( NWFP ) in Pakistan.

The Sikh Regiment was further used as a unit for the British Empire being used to garrison India internally, protect Indian frontiers ( such as the North-West Frontier Province ) and to serve in overseas deployments such as operations in Hong Kong.

The highest-ranking General in the history of the Indian Air Force is a Punjabi Sikh Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh .< ref >

CAIR works in close cooperation with other civic and civil liberties groups such as the American Civil Liberties Union, Amnesty International, NAACP, Hispanic Unity, Organization of Chinese Americans, Japanese American Citizens League, Sikh Mediawatch, Jewish Council on Urban Affairs, and Resource Task Force.

It is an integral part of the Police Force and was raised to replace a Sikh unit which had existed prior to the Japanese occupation during the Second World War.

Three bodies in particular actively supported the Company ; three Gurkha and five of six Sikh infantry units, and the six infantry and six cavalry units of the recently raised Punjab Irregular Force.

In 1857 the four regiments of Sikh Local Infantry became Sikh Infantry, Punjab Irregular Force.

* The highest-ranking General in the history of the Indian Air Force is a Sikh Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh

On the other hand, the elite of the Sikh army, the irregular cavalry or ghodachadas ( alt.

Sikh cavalry attacked Smith continually on his march and captured his baggage, but Smith received reinforcements and at the Battle of Aliwal on 28 January 1846, he won a model victory, eliminating the Sikh bridgehead.

Captain John Nicholson, leading irregular cavalry based at Peshawar, seized the vital fort of Attock on the Indus River from its Sikh garrison while they were still unprepared, or undecided on rebellion.

The force numbered 3, 179 and was composed of six British and one Sikh infantry battalions, with three artillery batteries, but only 168 volunteer cavalry.

The Company forces, consisting of around 1000 British, 150 Sikh soldiers and 30 irregular cavalry, had set out from Allahabad, under the command of General Henry Havelock, to retake Cawnpore and Lucknow.

Failure to realize such divided loyalties led to the assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, assassinated by two Sikh bodyguards in 1984.

The Sikh human rights struggle morphed into a political struggle which was one of the dominant causes of the fall of the Mughal empire in India and led to the formation of a Sikh kingdom before being annexed by the British in 1849.

Gandhi's 1984 action to defeat Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale led to the attack of the Golden Temple in Operation Bluestar and ultimately led to Gandhi's assassination by her Sikh bodyguards.

The incorporation of much of his verse in Sikh scripture, and the fact that Kabir was a predecessor of Guru Nanak, have led some western scholars to mistakenly describe him as a forerunner of Sikhism.

In one such operation, Operation Blue Star ( June 1984 ), the Indian Army led by the Sikh General Kuldip Singh Brar forcibly entered the Harmandir Sahib ( the Golden Temple ) to overpower the armed militants and the religious leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale.

After independence of India, the Punjabi Suba movement led by the Sikh political party Akali Dal sought creation of a province ( suba ) for Punjabi people.

A variety of army units along with paramilitary forces, led by the Sikh General Kuldip Singh Brar, surrounded the temple complex on 3 June 1984.

The separatists, led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, were accused of amassing weapons in the Sikh temple and starting a major armed uprising.

The military action led to an uproar amongst Sikhs worldwide and the increased tension following the action led to assaults on members of the Sikh community within India.

Fr Robert King of the Diocese of Clifton was joined by faith leaders from the Hindu, Muslim and Sikh communities at the ceremony, which was led by the Lord Mayor of Bristol's chaplain, the Rev.

Separatists led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale ( who was killed ) had amassed weapons in the Sikh temple.

In the battle Diwan Misr Chand led Sikh armies to a decisive victory over Durrani General of Multan Nawab Muzaffar Khan.

The chief proponents of this attitude were the Babbar Khalsa founded by the widow, Bibi Amarjit Kaur of the Akhand Kirtani Jatha, whose husband Fauja Singh had been at the head of the march in Amritsar ; the Damdami Taksal led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale who had also been in Amritsar on the day of the outrage ; the Dal Khalsa, formed with the object of demanding a sovereign Sikh state ; and the All India Sikh Students Federation, which was banned by the government.

Once, while the Guru Har Rai was returning from a tour of the Malwa and Doaba regions, Mohamad Yarbeg Khan, ( son of Mukhlis Khan, who had been killed by Guru Hargobind, when he had led his forces against the Sikh the Guru ) attacked the kafla of the Guru with a force of one thousand armed men.

Raja Lal Singh, who led Sikh forces against the British during the First Anglo-Sikh War, 1846

The search for work led Hans Ji to Lahore, the capital of the former Sikh kingdom.

Raja Lal Singh, who led Sikh forces against the British during the First Anglo-Sikh War, 1846

There, Singh attended Camp College – a hastily put together arrangement for thousands of refugee students – and led the Sikh Students Federation in Delhi.

He led a deputation which persuaded Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh to invade Kashmir in 1819, which ended Afghan rule.

This time they were accompanied by a fully equipped force of Iban warriors from Sarawak and Sikh policemen led by several British officers.

Some of the enemy began to fight again and some Sikh warriors were annoyed by Bhai Kanhaiya as he was helping their enemy.

* 2012 – The Oak Creek shooting took place at a Sikh temple in Oak Creek, Wisconsin, killing six people ; the perpetrator was shot dead by police.

The holy text spans 1430 pages and contains the actual words spoken by the Sikh Gurus and various other Saints from other religions including Hinduism and Islam.

Sikh Dharma is a distinct religion revealed through the teachings of ten Gurus who are accepted by the followers as if they were spiritually the same.

Amrit Pahul – Sikh baptism for both men and women – was instituted in 1699 by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru.

# Sikh is bound by Dharma: The followers of this faith are bound by Dharma as advocated in their holy scriptures.

In 1838 Auckland, Ranjit Singh, and Shuja signed an agreement stating that Shuja would regain control of Kabul and Kandahar with the help of the British and Sikhs ; he would accept Sikh rule of the former Afghan provinces already controlled by Ranjit Singh, and that Herat would remain independent.

On the day of the cremation, the body is taken to the Gurdwara or home where hymns ( Shabads ) from the Guru Granth Sahib, the Sikh Scriptures are recited by the congregation, which induce feeling of consolation and courage.

These include the idea of establishing shariah rule with force in the name of Jihad and levying of " jizya " on Sikh citizens of Pakistan, which was termed as nothing more than extortion by armed gangs.

An abugida derived from the Laṇḍā script and ultimately descended from Brahmi, Gurmukhi was standardized by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad Dev Ji, in the 16th century.

The opinion given by traditional scholars for this is that as the Sikh holy writings, before they were written down, were uttered by the Gurus, they came to be known as Gurmukhi or the " Utterance of the Guru ".

The Punjabi kingdom, ruled by members of the Sikh religion, was a political entity that governed the region of modern-day Punjab.

Anger among some social groups, however, was seething under the governor-generalship of James Dalhousie ( 1847 – 1856 ), who annexed the Punjab ( 1849 ) after victory in the Second Sikh War, annexed seven princely states on the basis of lapse, annexed the key state of Oudh on the basis of misgovernment, and upset cultural sensibilities by banning Hindu practices such as Sati.

The city was invaded by Ranjit Singh and his Sikh army in the early 19th century but was quickly chased out a few days later by Afghan forces of Durrani Empire.

The first year of Jahangir's reign saw a rebellion organized by his eldest son Khusraw with the assistance of the Sikh Guru Arjun Dev and others.

It is unclear that Jahangir even understood what a Sikh was, referring to Guru Arjun as a Hindu, who had " captured many of the simple-hearted of the Hindus, and even of the ignorant and foolish followers of Islam, by his ways and manners ... for three or four generations ( of spiritual successors ) they had kept this shop warm.

However, the Sikh governors turned out to be hard taskmasters, and Sikh rule was generally considered oppressive, protected perhaps by the remoteness of Kashmir from the capital of the Sikh empire in Lahore ; The Sikhs enacted a number of anti-Muslim laws, which included handing out death sentences for cow slaughter, closing down the Jamia Masjid in Srinagar, and banning the azaan, the public Muslim call to prayer.

Earlier, in 1780, after the death of Ranjit Deo, the Raja of Jammu, the kingdom of Jammu ( to the south of the Kashmir valley ) was also captured by the Sikhs and afterwards, until 1846, became a tributary to the Sikh power.