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Smoot and
* 1884 Clement Smoot, American golfer ( d. 1963 )
In June 1930, over the objection of many economists, Congress approved and Hoover signed into law the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act.
The Tariff Act of 1930 ( codified at ), otherwise known as the Smoot Hawley Tariff or Hawley Smoot Tariff, was an act, sponsored by Senator Reed Smoot and Representative Willis C. Hawley, and signed into law on June 17, 1930, that raised U. S. tariffs on over 20, 000 imported goods to record levels.
Willis C. Hawley ( left ) and Reed Smoot in April 1929, shortly before the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act passed the House of Representatives.
Reed Smoot championed another tariff increase within the USA in 1929, which became the Smoot Hawley Tariff Bill.
" J. P. Morgan's chief executive Thomas W. Lamont said he " almost went down on knees to beg Herbert Hoover to veto the asinine Hawley Smoot tariff.
Historically, there has been confusion as to the actual tariff level imposed by the Smoot Hawley Tariff.
The " free and dutiable rate " in 1929 was 13. 5 % and peaked under Smoot Hawley in 1933 at 19. 8 % which is significantly below the 29. 7 % " free and dutiable rate " that the United States averaged from 1821 until 1900.
When the Creditanstalt of Austria failed in 1931, the global deficiencies of the Smoot Hawley Tariff became apparent.
Unemployment was at 7. 8 % in 1930 when the Smoot Hawley tariff was passed, but it jumped to 16. 3 % in 1931, 24. 9 % in 1932, and 25. 1 % in 1933.
Monetarists, such as Milton Friedman, who emphasize the central role of the money supply in causing the depression, note that the Smoot Hawley Act only had a contributory effect on the entire U. S. economy.
The Smoot Hawley Tariff was a reflection of Republican Party policy.
Smoot Hawley reflected a general tendency towards high tariffs.
It found that only seven countries had a lower tariff level than the U. S. ( 5. 1 %), while eleven countries had effective tariff rates higher than the Smoot Hawley peak of 19. 8 % including the United Kingdom ( 25. 6 %).
In the discussion leading up to the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) then-Vice President Al Gore mentioned the Smoot Hawley tariff as a response to NAFTA objections voiced by Ross Perot during a debate in 1993 they had on The Larry King Show.
Peddling Protectionism: Smoot Hawley and the Great Depression ( Princeton University Press ; 2011 ) 244 pages
* → Classic study of passage of Hawley Smoot tariff.

Smoot and Hawley
Both Reed Smoot and Willis Hawley were defeated for reelection in 1932, the controversial tariff being a major factor in their respective losses.

Smoot and Tariff
* Article on the Smoot Hawley Tariff from EH. NET's Encyclopedia by economic historian Anthony O ' Brien
# REDIRECT Smoot Hawley Tariff Act
It was approached, but not exceeded, by the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act of 1930.
# REDIRECT Smoot Hawley Tariff Act
# REDIRECT Smoot Hawley Tariff Act
Economist and author Jude Wanniski later correlated these swings with the prospects for passage of the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act, which was then being debated in Congress.
The next day, " Black Tuesday ", October 29, 1929, about 16 million shares were traded, and the Dow lost an additional 30 points, or 12 %, amid rumors that U. S. President Herbert Hoover would not veto the pending Smoot Hawley Tariff Act.

Smoot and Act
After the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act was enacted in mid-June, the Dow dropped again, stabilizing above 200.
In 1930, Senator Bronson Cutting proposed an amendment to the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act, which was then being debated, ending the practice of having U. S. Customs censor allegedly obscene books imported to U. S. shores.
Smoot is primarily remembered as the co-sponsor of the 1930 Smoot Hawley Tariff Act, which raised US import tariffs on over 20, 000 dutiable items to record levels and is widely regarded as having exacerbated the Great Depression.
Willis C. Hawley ( left ) and Smoot in April 1929, shortly before the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act passed the House.
# REDIRECT Smoot Hawley Tariff Act
Hawley ( left ) and Reed Smoot in April 1929, shortly before the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act passed the House.
A new trade policy was set with the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act.
# REDIRECT Smoot Hawley Tariff Act
# REDIRECT Smoot Hawley Tariff Act

Smoot and is
In his memoirs, Smoot made it abundantly clear: " The world is paying for its ruthless destruction of life and property in the World War and for its failure to adjust purchasing power to productive capacity during the industrial revolution of the decade following the war.
Smoot is a census-designated place ( CDP ) in Lincoln County, Wyoming, United States.
Smoot is located at ( 42. 620784 ,-110. 912454 ).
Public education in the community of Smoot is provided by Lincoln County School District # 2.
It is named after Oliver R. Smoot, a fraternity pledge to Lambda Chi Alpha, who in October 1958 lay on the Harvard Bridge ( between Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts ), and was used by his fraternity brothers to measure the length of the bridge.
The Senator's old friend, Lem Smoot ( Harry Carey ) tells him that Jesse is going to make it and the old man softens up towards his son.
( Reed Smoot ( U. S. Senator ) | Reed Smoot is missing in this photograph.
( Reed Smoot ( U. S. Senator ) | Reed Smoot is missing from this photograph.
Jeanne J. Smoot is a Republican politician from the U. S. state of North Carolina.
Uncle Joe is sometimes playing checkers, loafing, or mooching fruit at the General Store with Newt Kiley or Floyd Smoot.
The last single recorded with Smoot was released on December 22, 2011 and is a cover of the Dayglo Abortions song " Isn't This Disgusting ".
She is an associate of One Yellow Rabbit where she performed Citizen Pochsy and directed Mump and Smoot in the High Performance Rodeo.
* Reed Smoot ( R-UT ) ( whose Hawley-Smoot tariff is often cited by economists as one of the factors causing the depression )
Sam Black Church, known today as Sam Black United Methodist Church, is an historic Carpenter Gothic-style church located at Sam Black Church near the unincorporated community of Smoot in Greenbrier County, West Virginia.
Fredrick Duayne Smoot ( born April 17, 1979 ) is a former American college and professional football player who was a defensive back in the National Football League ( NFL ) for nine seasons.
* April 19 Reed Smoot is ordained an apostle.
* January Reed Smoot, an apostle, is elected by the state legislature to the 58th congress as a U. S. Senator.

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