The older style zarzuela fell out of fashion, but popular Spanish tradition continued to manifest itself in shorter works, such as the single-scene tonadilla ( or intermezzo ) of which the finest literary exponent was Ramón de la Cruz.

Spanish radio and television have dedicated time to zarzuela, not least in a popular series of programs produced by TVE and entitled Antología de la zarzuela (" Zarzuela Anthology ").

While the zarzuela tradition flourished in Madrid and other Spanish cities, Catalonia developed its own zarzuela, with librettos in Catalan.

Spain has also played an important role within the history of western classical music, particularly in its early phase from the 15th to the 17th centuries ; ranging from a composer like Tomás Luis de Victoria, the zarzuela of Spanish opera, the ballet of Manuel de Falla, to the classical guitar music of Pepe Romero.

Pastoral opera remained popular throughout the 17th-century, and not just in Italy, as is shown by the French genre of pastorale héroïque, Englishman Henry Lawes's music for Milton's Comus ( not to mention John Blow's Venus and Adonis ), and Spanish zarzuela.

Starting off with imported Spanish content ( List of zarzuela composers ), it developed into a running commentary on Cuba's social and political events and problems.

The technique is also frequently used in Spanish zarzuela, both in the 19th and 20th centuries, and continued also to be used as a " special effect " in opera, for instance Richard Strauss's Die Frau ohne Schatten.

In some art music boleros, the root lies not in the bolero but in the habanera, a Cuban precursor of the tango, which was a favourite dance rhythm in the mid-19th century, and occurs often in French opera and Spanish zarzuela of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Examples include Viennese operetta, German singspiel, Spanish zarzuela, Russian comic opera, English ballad opera, and Savoy Opera.

The ensemble performs pieces from many musical genres in its concerts, adapted by the group: baroque, vals, foxtrot, blues, and also zarzuela, pasodoble and other Spanish and Latino rhythms.

* 1877-Los sobrinos del Capitán Grant (" Captain Grant's nephews "), a Spanish comic zarzuela ( operetta ) by Miguel Ramos Carrión and Manuel Fernández Caballero.

One of the most famous zarzuela ( Spanish operetta ) pieces in the género chico (" smaller genre ") is La Verbena de la Paloma (" The Fair of the Dove ") set at a verbena on the night of the Virgin of the Paloma, August 14 ; it was also made into a 1963 movie.

Especially noteworthy are his performances of Felix Mendelssohn's Elijah, the Mozart Requiem, Carl Orff's Carmina Burana, Georges Bizet's Carmen, and-from his native Spanish repertoire-the complete works of Manuel de Falla, as well a classic series of complete zarzuela recordings.

All in all, she made more than 200 recordings mostly for the Fonotipia and Odeon labels, featuring not only her famous roles in opera but also a vast song repertory in Catalan, Spanish, French, Italian and English, as well as pieces from zarzuela and even operetta.

The palace theatre was the birthplace of the Spanish operetta style, zarzuela.

His fondness for the sport of football led to the patronage of several " Royal " (" Real " in Spanish ) football clubs such as Real Madrid, Real Sociedad, Real Betis, Real Club Deportivo de La Coruña, Real Unión and Real Zaragoza.

Some parts of Récoltes et semailles and the whole La Clef des Songes have been translated into Spanish and Russian.

The tragic tale of the Mexican colony on Clipperton Island has been the subject of several novels, including Ivo Mansmann's Clipperton, Schicksale auf einer vergessenen Insel (" Clipperton, Destinies on a Forgotten Island "); ISBN 3-354-00709-5 ( in German, no English translation available ) and Colombian writer Laura Restrepo's La Isla de la Pasión in the Spanish language.

Some Chaosium products have been translated into French, Portuguese, Japanese, German, Spanish and Italian, and were available in France from Jeux Descartes, in Germany from Pegasus Press, in Spain from Joc Internacional and La factoría de ideas and in Italy from Stratelibri and Grifo Edizioni.

* The Blood Spattered Bride ( La Novia Ensangrentada ) is a 1972 Spanish horror film written and directed by Vicente Aranda, is based on the text.

The opening sentence of the book created a classic Spanish cliché with the phrase (" whose name I do not wish to recall "): (" In a village of La Mancha, whose name I do not wish to recall, there lived, not very long ago, one of those gentlemen with a lance in the lance-rack, an ancient shield, a skinny old horse, and a fast greyhound.

La Mancha is a region of Spain, but mancha ( Spanish word ) means spot, mark, stain, region and word are not etymologically related ( from Arab origin the former, from Latin macula the latter ), so " de La Mancha " ( lit.

The name La Niña originates from Spanish, meaning " the girl ", analogous to El Niño meaning " the boy ".

He also contributed to film magazines from all around the world, including Spanish speaking La Cosa: Cine Fantástico magazine, from Argentina, where he had a monthly column for over four years.

The fortifications, known to the British as the Spanish Lines, and to Spain as La Línea de Contravalación were the origin of modern-day town of La Línea de la Concepción.

Kelly appeared in six of the sketches, one of which, " La Cumparsita ", became the basis of an extended Spanish number in Anchors Aweigh eight years later.

As the name implies, it seems to have originated from the Spanish region of La Mancha, but it is also popular in other areas in the center and southwest of the country.

* Heredaran La Tierra ( in Spanish ): Esquemas Biblicos para la Economia Politica ( Biblical Principles for Economics ), 1987 ISBN 0-930464-26-5

* La Liberation Del Planeta Tierra ( in Spanish ) Una Introduction a los prototipos Biblicos, 1987

Spanish settlers also knew of the seeps, such as at Rancho La Brea ( Spanish for Tar Ranch ) in present-day Los Angeles, from which the priests obtained tar to waterproof the roofs of the Los Angeles and San Gabriel missions.

On March 19, 1812, the Cádiz Cortes created the first modern Spanish constitution, the Constitution of 1812 ( informally named La Pepa ).

Columbus promptly claimed the island for the Spanish Crown, naming it La Isla Española (" the Spanish Island "), later Latinized to Hispaniola.

Five of the existing thirteen settlements on the island were brutally razed by Spanish troops including the two settlements on the territory of present day Haiti, La Yaguana, and Bayaja.

Hispaniola ( Spanish: La Española ) is a major island in the Caribbean, containing the two sovereign states of the Dominican Republic and Haiti.

When Columbus took possession of the island in 1492 he named it Hispana in Latin and La Isla Española, meaning " The Spanish Island ", in Spanish.

In 1923 he married the Spanish singer Carolina Codina ( 1897 – 1989, whose stage name was Lina Llubera ) before moving back to Paris.

* 1897 – Gaspar Cassadó, Spanish cellist and composer ( d. 1966 )

The Colegio Altamirano, founded by settlers of Spanish ancestry who wanted their children to learn Spanish culture, was an institution in Hebbronville from 1897 until its closing in 1958.

On February 17, 1897, Aguinaldo and a group of katipuneros defeated Spanish forces led by General Camilo de Polavieja at the Battle of Zapote Bridge in Cavite.

The Philippine Revolutionary Army ( Filipino Panghimagsikang Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas ; Spanish Ejército Revolucionario Filipino ) was founded on March 22, 1897 in Cavite.

Pascual de Gayangos y Arce ( June 21, 1809 – October 4, 1897 ) was a Spanish scholar and orientalist.

Candido Iban, Benito Iban and Gabino Yonsal were among the 19 Martyrs of Aklan executed by the Spanish authorities on March 23, 1897.

The flag was used for less than a year because the Filipino leaders signed a truce with Spanish authorities on December 14 to 15, 1897.

* August 8, 1897 – Michele Angiolillo shoots Spanish Prime Minister Antonio Cánovas del Castillo dead at a thermal bath resort, seeking vengeance for the imprisonment and torture of alleged revolutionaries at the Montjuïc fortress.

The spa at Santa Águeda ( now a psychiatric hospital ) was the location of the 1897 murder of Spanish politician Antonio Cánovas del Castillo by Michele Angiolillo.

After the transfer of Spanish sovereignty to the United States in 1897, the U. S. occupation forces renamed the Capitan to Presidente Local, with administrative support from a Vice Presidente Local, a Delegado de Justicia and a Delegado de Policia.

On February 25, 1897, the Spanish forces came and brought destruction to the town and its people.

In 1897, he wrote a short series of books concerning the War of the Spanish Succession.

Diego Abad de Santillán ( May 20, 1897 – October 18, 1983 ), born Sinesio Vaudilio García Fernández, was an author, economist and leading figure in the Spanish and Argentine anarchist movements.

Encouraged by the Spanish scientist A. Gimbernat, the local Council decided to reconstruct the spa centre and to renovate its hotel in 1897.

It was formed on November 25, 1897, when the Spanish government of Prime Minister Práxedes Mateo Sagasta granted autonomy to the island, creating a House that was composed of 32 members.

* Pedro Flores Garcia ( 1897 – 1967 ), Spanish painter

Michele Angiolillo Lombardi (; 5 June 1871 – 20 August 1897 ) was an Italian anarchist, born in Foggia, and murderer of Spanish Prime Minister Antonio Cánovas in 1897.

Cipriano Mera Sanz ( November 4, 1897, Madrid – October 24, 1975 ) was a Spanish military and political figure during the Second Spanish Republic.

On January 1, 1897, he was among the defenders when a Spanish counterattack retook the town, receiving a slight wound when a bullet grazed his forehead.

Antonio Cánovas del Castillo ( February 8, 1828 – August 8, 1897 ) was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.