About fifty officers ’ commissions were given to Germans and Swiss, and none were allowed to rise above the rank of lieutenant-colonel.

The officers were also recruited from Europe – not from the American colonies – and consisted of English, Scots, Irish, Dutch, Swiss and Germans.

Among the distinguished foreign officers given commissions in the 60th ( Royal Americans ) was Henri Bouquet, a Swiss citizen, whose ideas on tactics, training and man-management ( including the unofficial introduction of the rifle and ' battle-dress `) would become universal in the British Army some 150 years later.

The country also uses the Swiss franc as its national currency, and Swiss customs officers secure its border with Austria.

There are currently 17, 506 officers and 22, 650 NCOs in the Swiss Armed Forces.

However, when Swiss Officers are involved in peacekeeping missions abroad, they often receive temporary ranks that do not exist in the Swiss Army, to put them on an equal footing with foreign officers.

The officers ' rank markings illustrated here are those of the Swiss Guard.

Owing to Switzerland's history, all able-bodied male Swiss citizens aged between 21 and 50 ( 55 for officers ) are issued assault rifles and ammunition in order to perform their annual military obligations.

In the afternoon of October 23, volunteers consisting of about 300 " foreign police " officers ( mostly Swiss ) for about an hour defended themselves in the midst of vineyards and twice counterattacked with the bayonet.

Their officers were all Swiss and their rate of pay substantially higher than that of the regular French soldiers.

Two Swiss officers, the captains Henri de Salis and Joseph Zimmermann, did however survive and went on to reach senior rank under Napoleon and the Restoration.

An inscription on the monument lists the twenty-six Swiss officers who died on 10 August and 2 – 3 September 1792, and records that approximately 760 Swiss Guardsmen were killed on those days.

* Insignia of Rank ( officers and other ranks ) Pontifical Swiss Guard at uniforminsignia. com

The Swiss soldier was paid at a higher level than his French counterpart but was subject to a harsher disciplinary code, administered by his own officers.

Another Swiss regiment, the Chateauvieux, played a major part in the Nancy affair ( mutiny ) of 1790 and 23 of its soldiers were executed, after trial by their own Swiss officers.

Besides a few gentlemen in arms and a number of present and former National Guards ( including recently dismissed officers ), the palace was garrisoned by the Gardes Suisse Swiss Guard, about 950 strong.

His intention appears to have been simply to avoid further bloodshed but the Swiss officers in command realised the futility of such an order in the midst of heavy fighting and did not immediately act on it.

The challenge coin tradition was introduced into the Swiss Armed Forces by American officers on training missions and other assignments for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, of which Switzerland is a member.

Coins are not issued, but rather ordered and paid for by Swiss officers of various branches within the Army.

The Swiss officers that have held the rank of General are listed in General ( Switzerland ).

As these Swiss were moving from the Selkirk settlement to become the first civilian residents of Minnesota, Dousman of Michilimackinac, Michigan, and Prairie Du Chien was traveling to Red River to open a trade in merchandise.

By fall, 443 survivors of this arduous journey were clustered about Fort Snelling, but most of them were sent on to Galena and St. Louis, with a few going as far as Vevay, Indiana, a notable Swiss center in the United States.

Its people, including Pierre Bottineau and other American Fur Company employees and the refugees from Fort Garry, were joined by the remaining Scots and Swiss from Fort Snelling when Major Joseph Plympton expelled them from the reservation in May 1840.

The Swiss commanders wired the infrastructure leading into the country, and threatening to destroy bridges, railway tunnels and passes in the event of a Nazi invasion, and then they retreated to the heart of the mountain peaks where conditions were harsher and a military invasion would involve difficult and protracted battles.

During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important ; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such a Les Menuires.

The small Swiss garrison in the village, shaken by the sudden onslaught and unsupported by the battalions to their rear, were soon compelled back towards the village of Taviers.

" Major-General Murray ," recalled one eye witness, " … seeing him fall, marched up in all haste with two Swiss battalions to save him and stop the enemy who were hewing all down in their way.

Basel, had a strategic location, good relations with Strasbourg and Mulhouse, and control of the corn imports from Alsace, whereas the Swiss lands were becoming overpopulated and had few resources.

In there were 898 live births to Swiss citizens and 621 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 1, 732 deaths of Swiss citizens and 175 non-Swiss citizen deaths.

There were 207 Swiss men and 271 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland.

The Bernoulli numbers were discovered around the same time by the Swiss mathematician Jakob Bernoulli, after whom they are named, and independently by Japanese mathematician Seki Kōwa.

First synthesized in 1874 by Othmar Zeidler, DDT's insecticidal properties were not discovered until 1939 by the Swiss scientist Paul Hermann Müller, who was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for his efforts.

In the Swiss Army, mounted dragoons existed until the early 1970s, when they were converted into Armoured Grenadiers units.

On the night of 10 August 1792, insurgents and popular militias, supported by the revolutionary Paris Commune, assailed the Tuileries Palace and massacred the Swiss Guards who were assigned for the protection of the king.

Plans to go to the Swiss Alps were mooted.

There were 56, 091 Swiss women ( 29. 3 %) and 43, 735 ( 22. 9 %) non-Swiss women.

In there were 1, 147 live births to Swiss citizens and 893 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 1, 114 deaths of Swiss citizens and 274 non-Swiss citizen deaths.

During the Thirty Years ' War, Switzerland was a relative " oasis of peace and prosperity " ( Grimmelshausen ) in war-torn Europe, mostly because all major powers in Europe depended on Swiss mercenaries, and would not let Switzerland fall in the hands of one of their rivals.

Franz Krienbühl ( 24 March 1929 – 16 April 2002 ) was a Swiss speed skater who is mostly known for his inventions that changed the sport.

Other important communities, mostly Ashkenazi, are the Jewish Community of Antwerp in Belgium, as well as communities in the Swiss cities of Zurich and Basel, and in the Dutch city of Amsterdam.

As Swiss German rap really became popular between 1997 and 1999, they dropped a third album in 2000, which was mostly unrecognized.

His father was of half Irish and half German ancestry, and his mother is of mostly Colonial American descent, along with smaller amounts of Irish and Swiss.

Palmenthal, the first European settlement within the limits of Palmdale, was established as a village on April 20, 1886 by westward Lutheran travelers from the American Midwest, mostly of German and Swiss descent.

Its original settlers were mostly of German or Swiss origin.

The installation of the cattle ranches attracted people from Europe ( mostly Croatians, British, Swiss and Italian ) and southern Chile ( mostly Chiloé ), which greatly increased the population of the region.

The Swiss company Victorinox AG and up to 2008 its wholly owned subsidiary Wenger SA supply about 50, 000 knives to the Military of Switzerland each year, and manufacture many more for export, mostly to the United States.

From 1979 to 2003, the party's vote declined, mostly at the expense of the Swiss People's Party, and the party was reduced to one Federal Councillor at the 2003 election.

A Swiss band, Celtic Frost, mostly known for their progression of style and Avant-garde take on extreme music started in the early 80's as Hellhammer and soon became a leading heavy metal band in Switzerland.

His father had English ancestry and his mother was of mostly Italian and some Swiss descent.

Perhaps the most acclaimed items are the hand-painted stained glass vitralios, which are mostly Swiss.

The eleven Swiss regiments of line infantry were disbanded the same year with the unemployed rank and file mostly returning to Switzerland.

mostly stayed loyal to the Spanish — at the Battle of Bailén, the Swiss regiments pressed into French service defected back to the Spanish Army Swiss under Reding — and were eventually ground down by years of fighting.

He has also been credited with writing three mostly instrumental songs (" Swiss Beats ", " Holland ", and " By The Way ") for the band's 2001 tour video entitled In Transit.

The permanent residents were mainly workers, craftsmen ( often originating from the Swiss Confederation and the Germanies ) and traders ( mostly from Savoy and northern Italy ).

In France it is mostly grown in the Loire region where it is converted into a blend with Sauvignon Blanc called " Pouilly-sur-Loire " and in the Savoie region where it is treated in the Swiss manner.

The Dutch Staatse leger ( States Army ) had therefore become a truly federal army, consisting mostly of Scottish, English, German and Swiss mercenaries, but commanded by a Dutch officer corps.

The differences between Swiss French and Parisian French are minor and mostly lexical: a Swiss French speaker would have no trouble understanding a French speaker, while a French speaker would encounter only a few unfamiliar words while listening to a Swiss French speaker.