The island is first referred to as Kaptara in texts from the Syrian city of Mari dating from the 18th century BC, repeated later in Neo-Assyrian records and the Bible ( Caphtor ) It was also known in ancient Egyptian as Keftiu, strongly suggesting some form similar to both was the Minoan name for the island.

During this time the Kingdom of Yamkhad on the Euphrates, and of Qatna on the Orontes, were important city states of the Syrian region.

Later Egyptian temple reliefs of the 13th century BC portray the violent siege of Dapur, a Syrian city, with soldiers climbing scale ladders supported by archers.

Following his visit to the city, the 12th century Syrian historian Yaqut al-Hamawi wrote that Mogadishu was inhabited by dark-skinned Berbers, the ancestors of the modern Somalis.

* February 3 – Syrian president Hafez al-Assad orders the army to purge the city of Harran of the Muslim Brotherhood.

* Robert Wood publishes The ruins of Palmyra ; otherwise Tedmor in the desart in English and French, making the ancient Syrian city of Palmyra known to the West.

Antioch on the Orontes (; Anṭiokia ; Hebrew: אנטיוכיה, antiyokhya ; ; Antiok ; ; Arabic: انطاکیه, Anṭākiya ; also Syrian Antioch ) was an ancient city on the eastern side of the Orontes River.

He was a Syrian from the city of Emesa ( modern-day Homs ).

To outdo him, in August, Nasser decided to land 4, 000 Egyptian troops in the Syrian port city of Latakia, reclaiming his prestige, especially with the Syrian people.

Palmyra is the Greek name for the Syrian caravan city of Tadmor.

And they weighed from it three thousand loads of Corinthian brass, and they sold it to a certain Jew from Emesa " ( the Syrian city of Homs ).

**" the Hamathite ", offspring of Canaan, refers to Syrian city of Hamath.

In Lucian's satiric dialogue Assembly of the Gods ( ca 165 CE ) it is Momus who is the secretary when the gods stage a city meeting as if at Athens, to decide what to do about newly-arrived outsiders and metics, the target of the satire being the recent development of complete enfranchisement of unworthy outsiders ( Lucian himself being of Syrian origin ).

While earlier scholars such as Jerome ( 4th century ) had identified Erech with the Syrian city of Edessa ( now within Turkey ), the modern consensus is that it refers to the Sumerian city-state of Uruk, in south Mesopotamia.

As a centre of the worship of the Syrian goddess Atargatis, it became known to the Greeks as the Ἱερόπολις ( Hieropolis ) ' city of the sanctuary ', and finally as Ἱεράπολις ( Hierapolis ) ' holy city '.

Sakthan Thampuran laid the modern foundation stone of Thrissur and made the city in to a major financial and commercial hub of South India, by inviting Syrian Christian families and Brahmins from adjoining areas.

Historians say that King Sakthan Thampuran had invited several Syrian Christian families and Brahmins to settle in Thrissur city from their business centers in adjoining areas.

The most accepted explanation is that the name for the, then Syrian ( now Turkish ), Hellenistic city of Antioch on the Orontes ( Arabic: Antākiyyah, today Antakya ) was used, as the region known as the Coffee Zone in Colombia, in which many towns and cities are named after cities in the middle east, has a very strong Judeo-Arabic influence, both demographically and culturally ; Additionally the city in mention played a significant role in the development of early Christian communities thus religiously important for Roman Catholic Spaniard conquerors.

Salih al-Ali led the Syrian Revolt of 1919 in the Alawi region east of the coastal city of Latakia.

During the 2011 Syrian uprising the city was attacked by government warships and tanks on 14 August 2011.

The city was famed for its fusion of Greek, Mesopotamian, Syrian and Arabian pantheons, known in Aramaic as (" House of God ").

The rows of animals and birds, in particular, suggest awareness of Oriental animal friezes, transmitted perhaps via Syrian silver bowls and textiles, but the specific forms of these rows on local vases and metal products are nonetheless Greek.

Basil's treatise on virginity ; thirty nine discourses of St. Ephrem the Syrian, and many other works of the Fathers and writers of the Greek Church.

Among the Syrian junds were contingents of old Umayyad clients, numbering perhaps 500, and Abd al-Rahman believed he might tug on old loyalties and get them to receive him.

During this time, emir al-Fihri and the Syrian commander al-Sumayl, pondered what to do about the new threat to their shaky hold on power.

Again according to convention he posted his most experienced legions on the flanks ( the first and the third legion on his left with Pompey himself commanding, the Syrian legions in the center with Scipio, the Cilician legion and the Spanish cohorts on the right with Afranius ), dispersing his new recruits along the center.

A strong force drawn from the Judaean and Syrian legions marched on Rome under the command of Mucianus, while Vespasian himself travelled to Alexandria, leaving Titus in charge of ending the Jewish rebellion.

Ephrem the Syrian wrote a commentary on it, the Syriac original of which was rediscovered only in 1957, when a manuscript acquired by Sir Chester Beatty in 1957 ( now Chester Beatty Syriac MS 709, Dublin ) turned out to contain the text of Ephrem's commentary.

A Syrian clay tablet records a solar eclipse which occurred on March 5, 1223 B. C., while Paul Griffin argues that a stone in Ireland records an eclipse on November 30, 3340 B. C.

" — Ephrem the Syrian, " Hymns on Faith " 16: 5.

Hymns on paradise: St. Ephrem the Syrian.

" Hymns Against Heresies: Comments on St. Ephrem the Syrian ".

Hezbollah's grip on Lebanon appears to have weakened, as their Syrian patron loses ground.

Some public opinion has started to turn against Hezbollah for their support of Syrian President Assad's attacks on the opposition movement in Syria Crowds in Cairo shouted out against Iran and Hezbollah, at a public speech by Hamas President Ismail Haniya in February 2012, when Hamas changed its support to the Syrian opposition.

A member of the Severan Dynasty, he was Syrian on his mother's side, the son of Julia Soaemias and Sextus Varius Marcellus.

Books used by the Hesychast include the Philokalia, a collection of texts on prayer and solitary mental ascesis written from the 4th to the 15th Centuries, this collection existing in a number of independent redactions ; the Ladder of Divine Ascent ; the collected works of St Symeon the New Theologian ( 949 – 1022 ); and the works of St Isaac the Syrian ( 7th C .?– 8th C .?

From the Syrian port of Latakia, a Genoese ship took him to Alanya on the southern coast of modern-day Turkey.

This disunity among the Anatolian and Syrian emirs allowed the crusaders to overcome any military opposition they faced on the way to Jerusalem.

Amine Gemayel succeeded his brother and focused on securing the withdrawal of Israeli and Syrian forces.

Examples of such people are Saint Hilarion and Saint Ephrem the Syrian in the East, and Saint Martin of Tours and Saint Hilary of Poitiers in the West.

Holy Qurbana or Qurbana Qadisha, the " Holy Offering " or " Holy Sacrifice ", refers to the Eucharist as celebrated according to the East Syrian and West Syrian traditions of Syriac Christianity.

The main Anaphora of the East Syrian tradition is the Holy Qurbana of Addai and Mari, while that of the West Syrian tradition is the Liturgy of Saint James.

In the South Indian state of Kerala, ( and in Indian Orthodox, Church of South India ( CSI ), Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, and Syrian Orthodox Church ( Jacobite ) congregations elsewhere in India and throughout the West ), flowers are strewn about into the sanctuary on Palm Sunday during the reading of the Gospel at the words uttered by the crowd welcoming Jesus, " Hosanna!

The Syrian Arab Republic is an Arab country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.

* West Syrian Rite

Other small ethnic groups that make up the 12 % of the white population are descendants of Swiss, Italian, Syrian, Turks, Jews ( Mostly Sephardic ), and the Palestinian ( who migrated in order to escape Christian persecution from the Muslim community of the West Bank ).

* West Syrian Rite

* Tarsus ( West Syrian Diocese ), a Syrian Orthodox archdiocese, attested between the seventh and thirteenth centuries

* Magen David of West Deal, ( Orthodox, Syrian traditions )

Following the arrival of the Bishop Gregorios Abdul Jaleel of Jerusalem, Archdeacon Thomas forged a relationship with the Syriac Orthodox Church and gradually adopted West Syrian liturgy and practices.

The Indian Orthodox Church accepts the Alexandrian Christology, as does the Coptic Orthodox Church, and uses the Malankara Rite, a local variant of the West Syrian Rite.

He sent several appeals to the West Syrian Patriarch asking for help.

He also agreed with Mar Ivanios the visiting West Syrian bishop to follow in his Church certain traditions of the West Syrian Church along with the prevalent East Syrian traditions.

The West Syrian Rite, used in Syria by the Syriac Orthodox ( Jacobites ) and Catholic Syrians is in its origin simply the old rite of Antioch in the Syriac language.