Divided into separate tribes, the Thracians did not manage to form a lasting political organization until the Odrysian state was founded in the 4th century BC.

Divided into separate tribes, the Thracians did not manage to form a lasting political organization until the Odrysian state was founded in the 5th century BC.

" The trochaic verse was quoted by the Homeric scholar Heraclitus ( commentator ) | Heraclitus, who said that Archilochus used the image to describe war with the Thracians.

:" The Trausi in all else resemble the other Thracians, but have customs at births and deaths which I will now describe.

Neither the Thracians nor the Macedonians had yet resolved themselves to Roman dominion, and several revolts took place during this period of transition.

Falx was also used to mean a weapon, particularly that of the Thracians and Dacians, and later a siege hook used by the Romans themselves.

In addition to the tribe that Homer calls Thracians, ancient Thrace was home to numerous other tribes, such as the Edones, Bisaltae, Cicones, and Bistones.

In Antiquity the region was inhabited by Thracians, as well as for various shorter periods Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, and Celts, specifically by tribes such as Costoboci, Carpi, Britogali, Tyragetae, and Bastarnae.

To the north of Macedonia lay various non-Greek peoples such as the Paeonians due north, the Thracians to the northeast, and the Illyrians, with whom the Macedonians were frequently in conflict, to the northwest.

Yet, in general, despite Greek colonization in such areas as Byzantium, Apollonia and other cities, the Thracians avoided urban life.

Cultural interactions between Thracians and Celts are evidenced by several items containing elements of both cultures, such as the chariot of Mezek and almost certainly the Gundestrup cauldron.

To the north of Macedonia lay various non-Greek peoples such as the Paeonians due north, the Thracians to the northeast, and the Illyrians, with whom the Macedonians were frequently in conflict, to the northwest.

Yet, in general, despite Greek colonization in such areas as Byzantium, Apollonia and other cities, the Thracians avoided urban life.

The Thracians in classical times were broken up into a large number of groups and tribes, though a number of powerful Thracian states were organized, such as the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace and the Dacian kingdom of Burebista.

Thracians would impale Roman heads on their spears and rhomphaias such as in the Kallinikos skirmish at 171 BC.

Most historians conclude that the Albanians are descendants of populations of the prehistoric Balkans, such as the Illyrians, Dacians or Thracians.

As the Roman army was essentially based on heavy infantry, it favored the recruitment of auxiliaries that excelled in other roles, such as missile troops ( e. g. Balearic slingers and Cretan archers ), cavalry ( recruited among peoples such as the Numidians, and the Thracians ), or light infantry.

In any case Minoan Crete was the next link in the chain, importing wine from the Egyptians, Thracians and Phoenicians and exporting it to its colonies ( such as Greece ).

Various Balkan peoples such as Agrianes, Paeonians and Thracians provided either light infantry or cavalry or indeed both.

The terrified local Thracians took refuge with their families and animal herds on the slopes of Mons Donuca, the highest mountain in Thrace ( Mt.

The group which invaded through Thrace overwhelmed both the Thracians and the Greeks in the Gallic invasion of the Balkans.

Noteworthy is the fact that, at an early date, the ancient Greeks employed the term " Thrace " to refer to all of the territory which lay north of Thessaly inhabited by the Thracians, a region which " had no definite boundaries " and to which other regions ( like Macedonia and even Scythia ) were added.

The Catalogue of Ships mentions three separate contingents from Thrace: Thracians led by Acamas and Peiros, from Aenus ; Cicones led by Euphemus, from southern Thrace, near Ismaros ; and from the city of Sestus, on the Thracian ( northern ) side of the Hellespont, which formed part of the contingent led by Asius.

The indigenous population of Thrace was a people called the Thracians, divided into numerous tribal groups.

During the late Roman Empire, several Roman provinces covered the territory that comprises present-day Bulgaria: Scythia ( Scythia Minor ), Moesia ( Upper and Lower ), Thrace, Macedonia ( First and Second ), Dacia ( Coastal and Inner, both south of Danube ), Dardania, Rhodope ( Roman province ) and Haemismontus, and had a mixed population of Byzantine Greeks, Thracians and Dacians, most of whom spoke either Greek or variants of Vulgar Latin.

In the section known as the Catalogue of Trojans, they are mentioned between mentions of the Hellespontine cities and the Thracians of south-eastern Europe ( i. e. on the Hellespontine border of Thrace ).

The region of ancient Thrace was populated by Thracians by 1000 BCE.

Thracians inhabited parts of the ancient provinces: Thrace, Moesia, Macedonia, Dacia, Scythia Minor, Sarmatia, Bithynia, Mysia, Pannonia, and other regions on the Balkans and Anatolia.

Thracians in Moesia were Romanized while those in Thrace remained mostly Hellenized.

After they were subjugated by Alexander the Great and consecutively by the Roman Empire, most of the Thracians eventually became hellenized ( in the provinces of Thrace ) or romanised ( in Moesia and Dacia ).

The branch of science that studies the ancient Thracians and Thrace is called Thracology.

* Thrace and the Thracians ( 700 BC to 46 AD )

Sometime later, when the Libyan Amazons invaded Thrace, Mopsus and Sipylus came to the rescue by defeating them in a pitched battle, in which their queen Myrine was slain ; the Thracians then pursued the surviving Amazons all the way to Libya.

An argument against a Thracian origin ( which does not apply to Dacian ) is that most Thracian territory was on the Greek half of the Jirecek Line, aside from varied Thracian populations stretching from Thrace into Albania, passing through Paionia and Dardania and up into Moesia ; it is considered that most Thracians were Hellenized in Thrace ( v. Hoddinott ) and Macedonia.

By 339 after defeating the Thracians in series of battles, most of Thrace was firmly in Macedonian hands save the most eastern Greek coastal cities of Byzantium and Perinthus who successfully withstood the long and difficult sieges.

Around 1000 BC, Dacians and Thracians appear in the Balkans, in Thrace and adjacent lands ( now Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova, northeastern Greece, European Turkey, eastern Serbia and Republic of Macedonia ).

The organisation acted in co-operation with the representatives of the Muslims ( Turks ) in Western Thrace raising the slogan for the establishment of “ independent Thrace ” under the supervision of the League of Nations and " Thrace for the Thracians ".

In Thracians and Dacians legend it is said that there are underground chambers occupied by an ancient God called Zalmoxis.

Similar to the Gauls and other Celtic tribes, most Thracians are thought to have lived simply in small fortified villages, usually on hilltops.

Among communities part in the Serb ethnogenesis are the Romanized Paleo-Balkan tribes of Illyrians, Thracians and Dacians, Celts, Greek colonies and Romans.

" There are, indeed, various names affirmed to designate the ante-Hellenic inhabitants of many parts of Greece — the Pelasgi, the Leleges, the Curetes, the Kaukones, the Aones, the Temmikes, the Hyantes, the Telchines, the Boeotian Thracians, the Teleboae, the Ephyri, the Phlegyae, & c. These are names belonging to legendary, not to historical Greece — extracted out of a variety of conflicting legends by the logographers and subsequent historians, who strung together out of them a supposed history of the past, at a time when the conditions of historical evidence were very little understood.

... the Getae are the bravest of the Thracians and the most just.

A fourth ethnic element being melted in are the Thracians ( 7. 3. 2 ).

The first historical record about the Thracians is found in the Iliad, where they are described as allies of the Trojans in the Trojan War against the Greeks.

The first known people that inhabited the mountain are the Thracians.

The Romanians are descended from local populations: Dacians ( Getae, Thracians ) and Roman legionnaires and colonists.

There are three races to pick from when creating a new account: the Elves, the Orcs and the Thracians.

The Elves are superior as far as magic bonuses go, the Orcs benefit from the greatest physical force, while the Thracians are the more balanced of the three.

He argues that the Dacians are " Getae or Thracians of Dacian race ":

The border of southern Illyria with Ancient Greeks | Greeks and Thracians, the Autariatae are located in the upper left