However, after the battle, Tokugawa's forces launched night raids and convinced Takeda of an imminent counter-attack, thus saving the vulnerable Tokugawa with the bluff.

The various regulations and levies not only strengthened the Tokugawa but also depleted the wealth of the daimyo, thus weakening their threat to the central administration.

Following the formal termination of the shogunate, the Boshin War ( 戊辰戦争 Boshin Sensō, literally " War of the Year of the Dragon ") was fought in 1868-1869 between the Tokugawa army and a number of factions of nominally pro-Imperial forces to seize power and fill the gap thus created.

Ii Naosuke became the Tokugawa shogunate's Tairō and concluded commercial treaties with the Western powers and thus ended Japan's isolation from the world in the 19th century.

A protégé of Ōkubo Toshimichi, he worked to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate and thus played a major role in the Meiji Restoration.

The Hosokawa sided with Tokugawa Ieyasu against Ishida Mitsunari during the decisive Sekigahara Campaign, and thus were made fudai ( inside ) daimyo under the Tokugawa shogunate.

Moreover, Takasugi used his influence with the Sonnô Jôi-movement to promote a more a conciliatory policy towards the West and thus, the ‘ movement to expel the barbarians and revere the Emperor ’ evolved into an anti-Bakufu movement with the overthrow of the Tokugawa regime as a necessary means to strengthen Japan against the foreigners.

Yoshimune thus was a second cousin to the fourth and fifth shoguns ( both brothers ) Tokugawa Ietsuna and Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, as well as a second cousin to Tokugawa Tsunashige, whose son became Shogun Tokugawa Ienobu.

He was the younger brother of Tokugawa Ietsuna, thus making him the son of Tokugawa Iemitsu, the grandson of Tokugawa Hidetada, and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu.

Tokugawa Ieyasu thus sent Hiraiwa Chikayoshi to kill him.

The French government took the side of the Tokugawa Bakufu and thus was not very popular in Japan after the Meiji Restoration.

Yorinobu thus became the founder of the Kii branch of the Tokugawa family.

The lords of the castle over time thus were Ashikaga Yoshimasa, followed by Oda Nobunaga, Tokugawa Ieyasu, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Ukita Hideie, and finally Hatsuhana Katatsuki.

Under the rule of the 5th Shogun, Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, one of these hatamoto, Sakamoto Shigeharu ( 1630-1693 ) by virtue of his position as Ōmetsuke and Jisha-bugyō, exceeded 10, 000 koku in income, and thus became daimyo of the newly-proclaimed Fukami Domain in October 1682.

He was the eldest son of Tokugawa Tsunashige, thus making him the nephew of Tokugawa Ietsuna and Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, the grandson of Tokugawa Iemitsu, the great-grandson of Tokugawa Hidetada, and the great-great grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu.

The new ideas that came forth were either incorporated into common discourses without changing it fundamentally, built upon at a later time, or opened up new options in the later Tokugawa era that were expanded on.

" Iaijutsu " was known before the Tokugawa period ( before 1603 ) but it is unclear exactly when the term " iaijutsu " first came into use, or when exactly drawing the katana from its scabbard first became practiced as a martial art.

The Tokugawa Shogunate came to an official end in 1868, with the resignation of the 15th Tokugawa Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu and the " restoration " ( Ōsei fukko ) of imperial rule.

Hideyoshi had on his deathbed appointed a group of the most powerful lords in Japan — Tokugawa, Maeda, Ukita, Uesugi, Mōri — to govern as the Council of Five Regents until his infant son, Hideyori, came of age.

After Takeda ’ s death in 1582, Kai-no-Kuni came under the control of the Oda and Toyotomi clans before being subsumed into the Tokugawa shogunate during the Edo period.

Although the final fall of the Tokugawa shogunate only came about during the Meiji Restoration and as a result of the opening of Edo-era Japan to the Western world, it was not simply their inability to cope with the situation that was their undoing.

* May 20, 1610 ( Keichō 15, the 27th day of the 3rd month ): Toyotomi Hideyori came to Kyoto to visit the former-Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu ; and the same day, the emperor announces his intention to resign in favor of his son Masahito.

, literally " end of the curtain ", are the final years of the Edo period when the Tokugawa shogunate came to an end.

After the defeat of the Chiba clan, the area came within the control of Tokugawa Ieyasu.

The came at the end of the Warring States Period in Japan, when the political unification that preceded the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate took place.

Hideyoshi had on his deathbed appointed a group of the most powerful lords in Japan — Tokugawa, Maeda, Ukita, Uesugi, Mōri — to govern as the Council of Five Elders until his infant son, Hideyori, came of age.

Iemitsu came of age in 1617 and dropped his childhood name in favor of Tokugawa Iemitsu.

When the Tokugawa Shogunate came to power, in its policy of exterminating the shinobi clans, the Fūma-ryū was declared a pirate clan, one of the only ways of Tokugawa finally ridding itself of this clan, elusively avoiding the pitfalls of direct clashes that befell other clans.

When Hotta Masayoshi, a Rōjū of the Tokugawa government came to Kyoto to obtain imperial permission to sign the Treaty of Amity and Commerce ( United States-Japan ) in 1858, Iwakura gathered courtiers who opposed the treaty and attempted to hinder negotiations between the Shōgun and the Court.

In November 1867, Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu resigned, returning power to the Emperor in what came to be known as the Meiji Restoration.

Toshiyoshi's school was based in Nagoya and came to be called Owari Yagyū-ryū ( 尾張柳生流 ), while Munenori's, in Edo, the Tokugawa capital, came to be known as Edo Yagyū-ryū ( 江戸柳生流 ).

By 1632, there was a general amnesty after the death of Tokugawa Hidetada and Takuan ’ s period of banishment came to an end.

After the defeat of the Hōjō at the Battle of Odawara by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the area came under the control of Tokugawa Ieyasu, who built a summer palace ( the Nakahara Goten ) in 1596.

About a hundred years later the city came under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate.

The area eventually came under the control of the Tokugawa clan, and during the Edo period, most of the area was ruled by Nishio Domain, a minor fudai feudal domain of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Initially the new government had to rely on funds from the Tokugawa lands ( which the Meiji government seized in toto ).

Ironically, persecution by the Tokugawa shogunate forced Jesuits to rely increasingly on Japanese believers.

By the end of the 17th century, the Hoshina family was allowed the use of the Tokugawa hollyhock crest and the Matsudaira surname, and from then on was known as the Aizu-Matsudaira clan, with the name Hoshina being used mainly for internal documents.

Many lords had hatamoto ; however, when the Tokugawa clan achieved ascendancy in 1600, its hatamoto system was institutionalized, and it is to that system which we mainly refer today when using the term.

Ernest Satow is probably best known as the author of the book A Diplomat in Japan ( based mainly on his diaries ) which describes the years 1862-1869 when Japan was changing from rule by the Tokugawa shogunate to the restoration of Imperial rule.

Historical sources say he lived the last several years of his life as a monk under the name " Sainen " and built the temple, Sainenji, which was named after him and mainly built to commemorate Tokugawa Ieyasu's elder son, Nobuyasu, who was accused of treason and conspiracy by Oda Nobunaga and was ordered to commit seppuku.

Whereas the ancient and medieval thought of Japan was tied closely to Buddhism, the early modern thought of Japan was mainly Confucianism or Neo-Confucianism, which was designated for official study of the Tokugawa shogunate.