The Permian – Triassic ( P – Tr ) extinction event, informally known as the Great Dying, was an extinction event that occurred 252. 28 Ma ( million years ) ago, forming the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods, as well as the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.

Additionally, the largest flood basalt event ( the Siberian Traps ) occurred around 250 Ma and was coincident with the largest mass extinction in history, the Permian – Triassic extinction event, although it is also unknown whether it was completely responsible for the extinction event.

One of these planets was Earth during the Triassic period where the Nuwali chose a valley in Antarctica surrounded by active volcanoes, where they installed a number of advanced technological devices in order to maintain a tropical climate.

The massive eruptive period was approximately coincident with the Permian – Triassic extinction event.

The Triassic was named in 1834 by Friedrich Von Alberti, after the three distinct rock layers ( tri meaning " three ") that are found throughout Germany and northwestern Europe — red beds, capped by chalk, followed by black shales — called the ' Trias.

The global climate during the Triassic was mostly hot and dry, with deserts spanning much of Pangaea's interior.

The first proto-turtles are believed to have existed in the late Triassic Period of the Mesozoic era, about 220 million years ago, and their shell, which has remained a remarkably stable body plan, is thought to have evolved from bony extensions of their backbones and broad ribs that expanded and grew together to form a complete shell that offered protection at every stage of its evolution, even when the bony component of the shell was not complete.

Before that, the earliest known proto-frog was Triadobatrachus massinoti, from the 250 million year old early Triassic of Madagascar.

The North China Craton was an independent continent prior to the Triassic period, and is known to have been the northernmost piece of land in the world during the Carboniferous.

It is thought that this long recovery was due to the successive waves of extinction which inhibited recovery, as well as to prolonged environmental stress to organisms which continued into the Early Triassic.

Recent research indicates that recovery did not begin until the start of the mid-Triassic, 4M to 6M years after the extinction ; and some writers estimate that the recovery was not complete until 30M years after the P-Tr extinction, i. e. in the late Triassic.

Due to the rising sealevel in the Triassic period, the eastern margin of Pangaea was flooded.

When these two continents joined together, Laurasia was nearly reformed, and by the beginning of the Triassic, the East China craton had rejoined the redeveloping Laurasia as it collided with Gondwana to form Pangaea.

Chester lies at the southern end of a Triassic sandstone ridge that rises to a height of 42 m within a natural S-bend in the River Dee ( before the course was altered in the 18th century ).

Lystrosaurus was the most common synapsid shortly after the Permian – Triassic extinction event.

Cynognathus was the largest predatory cynodont of the Triassic.

The lungfish's greatest diversity was in the Triassic period ; today there are fewer than a dozen genera left.

Cynognathus crateronotus was a meter-long predator of the Early to Middle Triassic.

It was found in Carnian ( Upper Triassic )- age strata of the Ischigualasto Formation in Argentina.

It was washed away once again during the Mesozoic and Early Triassic ; Muschelkalk, Keuper, Lias, Dogger and malm were deposited.

Friedrich August von Alberti ( September 4, 1795 – September 12, 1878 ) was a German geologist whose ground-breaking 1834 publication recognized the unity of the three characteristic strata that compose the sedimentary deposits of the Triassic period in Northern Europe.

In 1905, the Saurian Expedition led by John C. Merriam of the University of California and financed by Annie Alexander, found 25 specimens in central Nevada, which during the Triassic was under a shallow ocean.

" has neither been widely accepted nor seriously considered as a Triassic bird ..., who has examined the material and is one of the few workers to have seriously considered Chatterjee ’ s proposal, argued that the avian status of P. texensis is probably not as clear as generally portrayed by Chatterjee, and further recommended minimization of the role that Protoavis plays in the discussion of avian ancestry.

This created more coastlines and shifted the continental climate from dry to humid, and many of the arid deserts of the Triassic were replaced by lush rainforests.

Increasingly dry climates dominated the Triassic.

Going East on the coast, there are Triassic rocks with their characteristic red colour ; but these rocks are not the best to fossil collect in, as the rocks are crumbly, like dry mud.

Now much further inland, the Triassic climate in the region was dry.

Triassic climates progressively became dryer, prompting the formation of sand dunes that buried dry stream beds and their flood plain.

# Gas-prone sources containing Type I kerogen in Upper Triassic fluvial shales and Paleocene marine shales, the latter being correlative of oil and gas generating source rocks of the Deep Continental Shelf trend of the Bombay High Oil Province offshore west India ;

During the Triassic Period (), the reptiles began to out-compete the amphibians, leading to a reduction in both the amphibians ' size and their importance in the biosphere.

The Triassic began in the wake of the Permian – Triassic extinction event, which left the Earth's biosphere impoverished ; it would take well into the middle of the period for life to recover its former diversity.

A small group of reptiles, the diapsids, began to diversify during the Triassic, notably the dinosaurs.

By the upper part of the Triassic period, their numbers began to increase again.

The geological history of the mountain began in the late Triassic period about 215 million years ago.

About 250 million years ago, during the Triassic, a new ocean began forming in the southern end of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.

Pangea began to break up about 220 million years ago, in the Early Mesozoic Era ( Late Triassic Period ).

The geologists found hematite throughout the early and middle Permian but began to find the reduced form of iron in pyrite within the ancient soils near the end of the Permian and into the Triassic.

They existed from the late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous Period ( 210 to 65. 5 million years ago ).

They appeared in the Late Triassic period, and lasted until the late Jurassic.

* Gradual climate change, sea-level fluctuations or a pulse of oceanic acidification during the late Triassic reached a tipping point.

The demise of the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous promoted expansion of the mammals, which had evolved from the therapsids, a group of synapsid reptiles, during the late Triassic Period.

This is supported by fossils of the freshwater Odontochelys semitestacea or " half-shelled turtle with teeth ", from the late Triassic, which have been found near Guangling in southwest China.

The millerettids, protorothyrids, and pareiasaurs became extinct in the late Permian period, and the procolophonoids during the Triassic.

During the late Triassic, sediments were deposited on top of the Springfield Plateau, forming the Boston Mountains.

Fossils of the late and middle Triassic Warepan and Kaihikuan stages are found in the area.

The dikes were formed around 200 million years ago, during the late Triassic and early Jurassic periods, when Pangea broke apart: the same period of geological activity that formed the Palisades Sill.

It separated from Gondwana ( the late Triassic era ) during the breakup of Pangaea, drifting further north after the split.

Crocodilians ' distant ancestors and their kin, the crurotarsans, dominated the world in the late Triassic, until the Triassic – Jurassic extinction event allowed dinosaurs to overtake them.

Nevertheless, scleractinian corals ( which arose in the middle Triassic ) may have arisen from a non-calcifying ancestor independent of the rugosan corals ( which disappeared in the late Permian ).

Fossil remains of the species Lepagia gaumensis have been found in the Norian ( late )-Rhaetian ( early ) ( Upper Triassic )- age strata from Habay-la-Vielle, Hallau, Saint-Nicolas-de-Port in Belgium, Switzerland and France.

Fossil remains of the species " Hahnia " obliqua have been found in the Norian ( late )-Rhaetian ( early ) ( Upper Triassic )- age strata of Saint-Nicolas-de-Port in France.

Theropods first appeared during the Carnian age of the late Triassic period about 230 million years ago ( Ma ) and included the sole large terrestrial carnivores from the Early Jurassic until at least the close of the Cretaceous, about 65 Ma.

During the late Triassic, a number of primitive proto-theropod and theropod dinosaurs existed and evolved alongside each other.

The herrerasaurs existed during the early late Triassic ( Late Carnian to Early Norian ).

These successful animals continued from the Late Carnian ( early Late Triassic ) through to the Toarcian ( late Early Jurassic ).

The first phase of regional plutonism started 210 million years ago in the late Triassic and continued throughout the Jurassic to about 150 million years BP.

The solid geology of Bromsgrove is that of the Triassic ( late Scythian to early Ladinian ) Bromsgrove Sandstone.