Napoleon made a major misstep when he declared war on Russia after a dispute with Tsar Alexander I and launched an invasion of Russia in 1812.

In 1185 Peter and Asen, leading nobles of supposed and contested Bulgarian, Cuman, Vlach or mixed origin, led a revolt against Byzantine rule and Peter declared himself Tsar Peter II.

Seeing this as a violation of the pre-war agreements, and discreetly encouraged by Germany and Austria-Hungary, Tsar Ferdinand declared war on Serbia and Greece and the Bulgarian army attacked on June 29.

Ivan was born in Saint Petersburg to Prince Antony Ulrich of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Mecklenburg, niece of Empress Anna of Russia and grand-daughter of Tsar Ivan V. His grand-aunt Empress Anna of Russia adopted the eight-week-old boy and declared him her successor on 5 October 1740.

Thus in October 1653 the Russian Zemsky Sobor declared war on the Commonwealth and in June 1654 the forces of Tsar Alexis of Russia invaded the eastern half of Poland-Lithuania, starting the Russo-Polish War of 1654-1667.

Tsar Alexander II gave approval for the founding of the city in 1858, with the city to be named Blagoveshchensk, after the parish Church of the Annunciation and declared to be seat of government for the Amur region.

Mikhail came to power at a time when Abkhazia had only recently been declared a protectorate of Russia, as a result of the 1810 manifesto of Tsar Alexander I.

On 26 October 1807, Tsar Alexander formally declared war on the United Kingdom after the British attack on Copenhagen in September 1807.

To restore Russian prestige, Catherine II declared war on Persia and sent an army under Valerian Zubov to the Qajar possessions on April of that year, but the new Tsar Paul I, who succeeded Catherine in November, shortly recalled it.

The strikingly uncomplimentary views of Russia in the first philosophical letter caused their author to be declared " clinically insane " because he criticized the regime of Tsar Nicholas I.

In more ordinary cases Tsar Alexander III could be at once kind, simple, and even almost homely.

For centuries, Psovoi could not be purchased but only given as gifts from the Tsar.

In January 1801, Tsar Paul told Louis XVIII that he could no longer live in Russia.

Tsar Nicholas II of Russia ( a de jure ally of France ) and his imperial advisors, including his cousin-advisor-friend-rival Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, had designs on Port Arthur, which could serve as Russia's long sought-after ' ice-free ' port.

According to Dr. Gill who conducted the tests, " If you accept that these samples came from Anna Anderson, then Anna Anderson could not be related to Tsar Nicholas or Tsarina Alexandra.

In the battle Kutuzov could only command the IV Corps of the Allied army, although he was still the de jure commander because the Tsar himself was afraid of responsibility in case his favored plan failed.

Upon the outbreak of World War I, Michael telegraphed the Tsar requesting permission to return to Russia to serve in the army, providing his wife and son could come too.

The initial 100-megaton design plans for the Soviet Tsar Bomba ( the device actually tested was a 50 % scaled-down version ) included the possibility of a salted variant which, if detonated, could have rendered the Northern Hemisphere nearly uninhabitable.

In 1927, a private investigation funded by the Tsarina's brother, Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse, identified Anderson as Franziska Schanzkowska, a Polish that you would recoil in horror at the thought that this frightful creature could be a daughter of our Tsar.

As the death of the Tsar had never been proven, the estate could only be released to relatives 10 years after the supposed date of his death.

After losing the Holy City of Smolensk, the outcry of officers and civilians grew to a point where the Tsar could no longer ignore it.

In 1903, Bobrikov was given dictatorial powers by the Tsar so that he could fire government officials and abolish newspapers.

Even worse, the effort in capturing Thrace and Constantinople ultimately caused the loss of the major part of Macedonia including Thessaloniki and that could not be easily accepted, leading the Bulgarian military leadership around Tsar Ferdinand to decide upon a war against its former allies.

Anyone under the Tsar could be watched since the Third Section answered to Nicholas alone.

In 1832, the Third Section gained the ability to reject publishers or editors of new periodicals on moral grounds, effectively putting the section in control of new periodicals, which could only be established with the Tsar ’ s approval.

Ministers could be interrogated by either the State Council or Duma for their actions while in office, but only the Tsar could remove them.

Had < sup > 238 </ sup > U been used instead, the yield of the " Tsar Bomba " could have been well-above 100 megatons, and it would have produced nuclear fallout equivalent to one third of the global total that had been produced up to that time.

Although the Tsarist autocracy could not enforce a ban on political ideas, until 1905 — when Tsar Nicholas II ( 1894 – 1917 ) agreed to the formation of a national duma — the Okhrana, the Tsarist secret police, suppressed every political group seeking social and political changes, including those with a democratic program.

The autonomous status led Finns to develop their own ideas of nationalism and constitutional monarchy, which they could to a large extent implement in practice with the assent of the Tsar.

The Tsar could not stand her conservative relatives and soon abandoned her for a German beauty, Anna Mons.

He built a hunting village and other additions for his Imperial Hunting Crew, and turned the areas south of Gatchina into his retreat, where the Tsar and his guests could indulge in living country-style among unspoiled wilderness and woods of north-western Russia.

What little the Duma could do after 1907 was often vetoed by the Tsar or the appointed upper house of the Russian parliament.

The organization began to exhibit pro-Soviet sympathies, arguing that the monarchy and the Soviet Bolshevik system could peacefully coexist ( as per their slogan " Tsar and the Soviets ").

In 1863, Tsar Alexander II of Russia purchased the building and began restoration, but the work was never finished.

The Tsar himself followed the work ’ s progress with interest and suggested the change in the title.

The Tsar rewarded Glinka for his work with a ring valued at 4000 rubles.

The fame from this photo and his earlier photos of Russia's nature and monuments earned him invitations to show his work to the Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia, Empress Maria Feodorovna, and, eventually, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family in 1909.

The libretto is by Elena Polenova, based on a folk-drama, Tsar Maksimilyan, and the work premiered on June 20, 2001 at the Mariinski Theatre, St Petersburg.

He began to work in film in 1934, rising to prominence with his very first role as the mad Tsar Peter III in The Scarlet Empress.

His work in this period attracted the attention of Grand Duchess Alexandra Feodorovna, the German-born wife of Grand Duke Nicholas, the future Tsar Nicholas I. Alexandra invited Zhukovsky to St. Petersburg to be her personal Russian tutor.

He was decorated by the Tsar for his work in 1911.

While the Japanese set to work in the sapping campaign, General Stoessel continued to spend most of his time writing complaining letters to the Tsar about lack of cooperation from his fellow officers in the navy.

Petipa staged many new works as well throughout the 1880s, including Zoraiya in 1881 and Nuit et Jour ( Night and Day ), a work produced by Petipa and Minkus especially for the celebration gala held at the Moscow Bolshoi Theatre in honor of the coronation of Tsar Alexander III.

Sviatopolk-Mirskii not only allowed the congress, but also participated in its work and personally delivered its decision to Tsar Nicholas II along with his own plan for constitutional reforms.

A dramatized account of his life, in which he is depicted as the second most powerful aristocrat in Russia, only after the Tsar, who is constantly put under pressure by boyars that want to make him revolt against the imperial authority at Moscow, can be found in the epic work of Soviet film director Sergei Eisenstein, Ivan the Terrible.

This work was a success and the Tsar Alexander II of Russia approved the project in 1868.

In 1842 Tsar Nicholas I summoned George Washington Whistler to work as a consulting engineer on the Moscow-St. Petersburg