The VEGAS algorithm is based on importance sampling.

The VEGAS algorithm approximates the exact distribution by making a number of passes over the integration region while histogramming the function f. Each histogram is used to define a sampling distribution for the next pass.

* VEGAS algorithm

The efficiency of VEGAS depends on the validity of this assumption.

If an integrand can be rewritten in a form which is approximately separable this will increase the efficiency of integration with VEGAS.

* VEGAS LATAPIÉ, Eugenio ( 1907 – 1985 ) Leading member of Acción Española.

Lepage, VEGAS: An Adaptive Multi-dimensional Integration Program, Cornell preprint CLNS 80-447, March 1980

* VEGAS ( 2009 ), LED installation commissioned for the parking lot of Aria Resort & Casino, Las Vegas

This algorithm is due to Knuth, who cites Welford, and it has been thoroughly analyzed.

This algorithm is much less prone to loss of precision due to massive cancellation, but might not be as efficient because of the division operation inside the loop.

This is a serious problem with Algorithm I and is due to catastrophic cancellation in the subtraction of two similar numbers at the final stage of the algorithm.

In 2002, a theoretical attack, termed the " XSL attack ", was announced by Nicolas Courtois and Josef Pieprzyk, purporting to show a weakness in the AES algorithm due to its simple description .< ref >

There is a simple randomized algorithm due to that runs in time where n is the number of clauses and succeeds with high probability to correctly decide 3-Sat.

A divide and conquer algorithm for triangulations in two dimensions is due to Lee and Schachter which was improved by Guibas and Stolfi and later by Dwyer.

Another prime-size FFT is due to L. I. Bluestein, and is sometimes called the chirp-z algorithm ; it also re-expresses a DFT as a convolution, but this time of the same size ( which can be zero-padded to a power of two and evaluated by radix-2 Cooley – Tukey FFTs, for example ), via the identity.

Another algorithm for approximate computation of a subset of the DFT outputs is due to Shentov et al.

If the algorithm has terminated due to a maximum number of generations, a satisfactory solution may or may not have been reached.

The nearest neighbour algorithm is easy to implement and executes quickly, but it can sometimes miss shorter routes which are easily noticed with human insight, due to its " greedy " nature.

For density estimation, the area / volume that is closer to a particular centroid than to any other is inversely proportional to the density ( due to the density matching property of the algorithm ).

However, they are not expected to take as long as the previous projects due to the discovery of an improved algorithm.

Given a desired backbone conformation, side chain packing can be designed using variations of the dead-end elimination algorithm ; however, attempts to design proteins of novel folds have difficulty using this method due to an absence of plausible backbone models.

This slowly propagates through the network until it reaches infinity ( in which case the algorithm corrects iself, due to the relaxation property of Bellman-Ford ).

Jess ( at least versions 5. 0 and later ) also adds a backward chaining algorithm on top of the Rete network, but it cannot be said to fully implement Rete II, in part due to the fact that no full specification is publicly available.

In 2010, Netflix canceled a running contest to improve the company's recommendation algorithm due to privacy concerns: under the terms of the competition, contestants were given access to customer rental data, which the company had purportedly anonymized.

Its original version, due to Gary L. Miller, is deterministic, but the determinism relies on the unproven generalized Riemann hypothesis ; Michael O. Rabin modified it to obtain an unconditional probabilistic algorithm.

A faster randomized minimum spanning tree algorithm based in part on Borůvka's algorithm due to Karger, Klein, and Tarjan runs in expected time.

compress has fallen out of favor in particular user-groups because it makes use of the LZW algorithm, which was covered by a Unisys patent — because of this, gzip and bzip2 increased in popularity on Linux-based operating systems due to their alternative algorithms, along with better file compression.

The two penalties are computed together in a relatively complex algorithm, and computing the actual penalties due is somewhat challenging.

The classic spanning tree algorithm, depth-first search ( DFS ), is due to Robert Tarjan.

The Shiloach-Vishkin algorithm, due to Yossi Shiloach and Uzi Vishkin, is the basis for many parallel implementations.

This is mostly due to the fact that the assembly algorithm needs to compare every read with every other read ( an operation that has a complexity of O (< var > n </ var >< sup > 2 </ sup >) but can be reduced to O (< var > n </ var > log (< var > n </ var >)).

The AVL tree is named after its two Soviet inventors, G. M. Adelson-Velskii and E. M. Landis, who published it in their 1962 paper " An algorithm for the organization of information.

Ada Lovelace's note G on the analytical engine from 1842 describes an algorithm for generating Bernoulli numbers with Babbage's machine.

In conjunction with an appropriate codec using MPEG or various manufacturers proprietary algorithms, an ISDN BRI can be used to send stereo bi-directional audio coded at 128 kbit / s with 20 Hz – 20 kHz audio bandwidth, although commonly the G. 722 algorithm is used with a single 64 kbit / s B channel to send much lower latency mono audio at the expense of audio quality.

It is important to realize that the word problem is in fact solvable for many groups G. For example, polycyclic groups have solvable word problems since the normal form of an arbitrary word in a polycyclic presentation is readily computable ; other algorithms for groups may, in suitable circumstances, also solve the word problem, see the Todd – Coxeter algorithm and the Knuth – Bendix completion algorithm.

* The complexity of the algorithm is rated at 25, using a relative scale where G. 711 is 1 and G. 729a is 15.

Use of G. 723. 1 requires a license for the patents that cover the algorithm.

* G. 711 Appendix I defines a Packet Loss Concealment ( PLC ) algorithm to help hide transmission losses in a packetized network

* G. 711 Appendix II defines a Discontinuous Transmission ( DTX ) algorithm which uses Voice Activity Detection ( VAD ) and Comfort Noise Generation ( CNG ) to reduce bandwidth usage during silence periods

G. 711 defines two main compression algorithms, the µ-law algorithm ( used in North America & Japan ) and A-law algorithm ( used in Europe and the rest of the world ).

Borůvka's algorithm can be shown to take O ( log V ) iterations of the outer loop until it terminates, and therefore to run in time O ( Elog V ), where E is the number of edges, and V is the number of vertices in G. In planar graphs, and more generally in families of graphs closed under graph minor operations, it can be made to run in linear time, by removing all but the cheapest edge between each pair of components after each stage of the algorithm.

Bruun's algorithm is a fast Fourier transform ( FFT ) algorithm based on an unusual recursive polynomial-factorization approach, proposed for powers of two by G. Bruun in 1978 and generalized to arbitrary even composite sizes by H. Murakami in 1996.

A coordinated effort was started in February 1997 by Earle Ady and Christopher G. Stach II of Hotjobs. com and New Media Labs fame, as an effort to break the RC5-56 portion of the RSA Secret-Key Challenge, a 56-bit encryption algorithm that had a $ 10, 000 USD prize available to anyone who could find the key.

More specifically, the running time for testing whether H is a minor of G in this case is O ( n < sup > 3 </ sup >), where n is the number of vertices in G and the big O notation hides a constant that depends superexponentially on H. Thus, by applying the polynomial time algorithm for testing whether a given graph contains any of the forbidden minors, it is possible to recognize the members of any minor-closed family in polynomial time.

* 1942-A Fast Fourier Transform algorithm developed by G. C.

* Kjellström, G. Evolution as a statistical optimization algorithm.

* MPC Java-based implementation A Java-based implementation of the MPC protocol based on Michael. B, Shafi. G and Avi. W's theorem (" Completeness theorems for non-cryptographic fault-tolerant distributed computation ") with Welch-Berlekamp error correcting code algorithm to BCH codes.

The Fletcher checksum is an algorithm for computing a position-dependent checksum devised by John G. Fletcher at Lawrence Livermore Labs in the late 1970s.

Given a presentation of a group G by generators and relations and a subgroup H of G, the algorithm enumerates the cosets of H on G and describes the permutation representation of G on the space of the cosets.