At the same time a large Sephardi Jewish emigrant community from the Iberian peninsula established itself in Thessaloniki, while there were population movements of Arvanites and Vlachs, who established communities in several parts of the Greek peninsula.

The Romanians ( dated: Rumanians or Roumanians ; in or — historically, but now a seldom-used regionalism — rumâni ; dated exonym: Vlachs ) are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian ; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania.

Pericle Papahagi argued another version, that Megleno-Romanians are descendants of a group of Romanians who were incorrectly called Vlachs.

Vlachs originate from the Romanised people of south-eastern Europe ; from a mix of Roman colonists ( from various Roman provinces ) and indigenous peoples who were Latinised.

It is not known exactly when the Vlachs who were the ancestors of present day Aromanians broke off from the general body of Vlach people ; historians point to a period between the 5th and 9th centuries.

The rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, a Spanish Jew who traveled throughout South-Eastern Europe and the Middle East between 1159 and 1173 wrote about the Vlachs coming down from the mountains to attack the Greeks.

The Chronicon Pictum of Vienna, 1358, also mentions the Vlachs remaining in Pannonia after the invasion of Atilla's Huns and both Chronicon Pictum of Vienna and Simon of Kéza note that " three thousand men of the Hunnish people remained in Pannonia (' in campun Csigla '), calling themselves Siculi ( Zakuli ), who upon the arrival of the Hungarians moved eastwards " cum Vlachis in montibus ".

Considering the presented historical facts and universally accepted principles of the modern world, as well as the inalienable and indivisible, non-transferable and nonexhaustible right of the Croatian nation to self-determination and state sovereignty, including its fully maintained right to secession and association, as basic provisions for peace and stability of the international order, the Republic of Croatia is established as the national state of the Croatian nation and the state of the members of autochthonous national minorities: Serbs, Czechs, Slovaks, Italians, Hungarians, Jews, Germans, Austrians, Ukrainians, Rusyns, Bosniaks, Slovenians, Montenegrins, Macedonians, Russians, Bulgarians, Poles, Roma, Romanians, Turks, Vlachs, Albanians and the others who are citizens, and who are guaranteed equality with citizens of Croatian nationality and the realization of national rights in accordance with the democratic norms of the United Nations Organization and the countries of the free world.

They were Vlachs from villages of Korçë and Pogradec who settled around the area of today's Park on the Artificial Lake.

In this ethnically diverse closing area of the Roman Empire, Vlachs were recognized as those who spoke Latin, the official language of the Byzantine Empire used only in official documents, until the 6th Century when it was changed to the more popular Greek.

These original Vlachs probably consisted of a variety of ethnic groups ( most notably Thracians, Dacians, Illyrians ) who shared the commonality of having been assimilated in language and culture of the Roman Empire with the Roman colonists settled in their areas.

The word was also borrowed by the Slavs who used it to refer to the Vlachs ( Romanians ).

In his 11th century Strategikon manual, Kekaumenos, a Byzantine historian, described the Vlachs from Great Wallachia as being descendants of ancient Dacians and Bessi, who had invaded Thessaly from the area to the north of Greece, from somewhere on the Danube, supposedly seeking revenge for the defeat inflicted to their ancestors by Trajan during the Dacian Wars.

The only known contemporary ethnical description of Brodnici (" Bordinians ") is by Byzantian chronicler Niketas Choniates in his History, who describes them as a branch of " Tauroscythians ," and this term he seems to apply to the Rus people drawing a distinction of them from Turkic Polovtsians and from Vlachs.

The name comes from the exonym of the Romanian shepherd migrants ( see Vlachs ), who advanced along the Carpathian range between the 14th and 17th centuries.

One view is that the anonymous notary of the Hungarian king Béla III ( 1172 – 1196 ) wrote in the Gesta Ungarorum, based on ancient chronicles and oral tradition, that the Magyars, when they settled on the plains of the Tisza and Danube rivers, found there “ Slavs, Bulgarians and Vlachs, and the shepherds of the Romans ” Although the Gesta Ungarorum is in sharp contrast with the chronicle of Simon of Kéza and of other 14th century chronicles, it is a mistake to treat Gelou as a purely fictional character whose name derived from that of the Transylvanian town Gilău ( Gyalu in Hungarian ) Moreover, it would make no sense for the author of the Gesta to invent entire populations or to lie about the situation.

The Hungarians migrated to the Carpathian Basin around 896 and came into contact with Slavic peoples – as well as with the Romance speaking Vlachs, borrowing many words from them ( for example tégla – " brick ", mák – " poppy ", or karácsony – " Christmas ").

Over the centuries, the Vlachs split into various Vlach groups ( see Romania in the Dark Ages ) and mixed with neighbouring populations: South Slavs, Greeks, Albanians, Bulgars, and others.

Many Vlachs settled into the less-accessible mountainous areas of Greece and other areas in the Balkans because of the barbarian ( Germanic, Slavic, Avar and Bulgar ) invasions and immigrations of the 5th-7th centuries.

Many Croats, Serbs and Vlachs immigrated from nearby parts of Ottoman Empire ( Ottoman Bosnia and Serbia ) into the region and helped bolster and replenish the numbers of Croats as well as the garrisoned German troops in the fight against the Ottomans.

In the Balkans, we find the Cumans in contact with all of the statal entities of that time, fighting with the Kingdom of Hungary, allied with the Bulgarians and Vlachs against the Byzantine Empire, and involved into the politics of the fresh Vlach statal entities.

In the Balkans, we find the Cumans in contact with all of the statal entities of that time, fighting with the Kingdom of Hungary, allied with the Bulgarians and Vlachs against the Byzantine Empire, and involved into the politics of the fresh Vlach statal entities.

Probably due to foreign invasions ( see Romania in the Dark Ages ) and the migration of Vlach shepherds ( see Vlachs in Wallachia ), between 800 AD and 1200 AD Proto-Romanian split into four separate languages:

A remarkable aspect of Vlachs found everywhere along the western Carpathian Mountains is that the traditional Romanian culture remained the same despite the evolution in language, especially the traditions regarding sheepherding and rural architecture, essentially identical along the entire belt of the Carpathian Mountains from Moravia to Romania and then along the adjacent mountains into Serbia and Bulgaria.

During medieval and modern times, Macedonia has been known as a Balkan region inhabited by ethnic Greeks, Albanians, Vlachs, Serbs, Bulgarians, Jews, and Turks.

Under his rule, the Vlachs, the Slavs and the Alans and the Turco-Mongols lived in what is modern day Moldavia.

Besides the separation of some groups ( Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians and Istro-Romanians ) during the Age of Migration, many Vlachs could be found all over the Balkans, in Transylvania, across Carpathian Mountains as far north as Poland and as far west as the regions of Moravia ( part of the modern Czech Republic ), some went as far east as Volhynia of western Ukraine, and the present-day Croatia where the Morlachs gradually disappeared, while the Catholic and Orthodox Vlachs took Croat and Serb national identity.

From the medieval and modern periods, it is known that Moglen Vlachs had an administration of their own.

All the remaining tribes except perhaps the Romanized Vlachs were Slavicised in the course of the Middle Ages, while modern Albanian might have descended from a southern Illyrian dialect.

Although, modern anthropology and genetics are confirming that present-day Balkanic Serbs are partial descendants of slavicized autochthonic Balkanic peoples ( Illyrians, Vlachs, etc.

The runic script was first mentioned in the 13th century Chronicle of Simon of Kéza, where he stated that the Székelys may use the script of the Vlachs, possibly making a confusion between the runes and Cyrillic script ( as the Romanian Cyrillic alphabet was used to write the Romanian language till 1860 – 1862 and remained in occasional use until ca.

Greatly expanding his familiarity with historical and social subjects, Kogălniceanu also began work on his first volumes: a pioneering study on the Roma people and the French-language Histoire de la Valachie, de la Moldavie, et des Vlaques transdanubiens (" A History of Wallachia, Moldavia, and of Transdanubian Vlachs ", the first volume in a synthesis of Romanian history ), both of which were first published in 1837 inside the German Confederation.

The Diocese of Cumania, or of Milcov, had subordinated in Transylvania the abbacy of Sibiu, the dioceses of Burzenland, Brasso and Orbai, and over the Carpathians, in the lands of the " infidel " Orthodox Vlachs ( in partibus infidelium ), all the Christian Catholics, irrespective of their ethnicity, despite the fact that many believers fell under the influence of the Romanian Orthodox " pseudo " bishops ( episcopo Cumanorum, qui loci diocesanus existit, sed a quibusdam pseudoepiscopis Graecorum ritum tenentibus ).

Proto-Romanian ( also known as " Common Romanian ", româna comună or " Ancient Romanian ", străromâna ) is a Romance language evolved from Vulgar Latin and considered to have been spoken by the ancestors of today's Romanians and related Balkan Latin peoples ( Vlachs ) before ca.

Today, " bryndza ", a word descended from the Romanian root, is used in various countries throughout the UkraineCEE region, due to its introduction by migrating Vlachs.

The majority of Banyash Roma in Serbia today live in mixed communities with different South Slav groups along the rivers: Danube, Sava, Tisa and Morava, but they can also be found in some villages cohabiting with the Romanian language speaking Vlachs of Croatia and Serbia.

The army of Charles Robert Anjou ambushed by Basarab's army at Posada from Vienna Illuminated Chronicle manuscript ( 1330 ) The Vlach ( Romanian ) warriors rolled down rocks over the cliff edges in a place where the Hungarian mounted knights could not escape from them nor climb the heights to dislodge the Vlachs warriors.

They were the neighbours of another mediæval Romanian population of what was to become the Principality of Moldavia, namely the Vlachs, situated to the north.

Vlachs ' typical cakes, koláče (" colaci " in Romanian ) ( also called " frgály ", " a frige " to roast in Romanian ).

Orthodox Greeks were seen as part of the millet-i Rûm ( literally " Roman community ") which included all Orthodox Christians, including besides Greeks also Bulgarians, Albanians, Vlachs, Macedonian Slavs, Georgians, Arabs, Romanians and Serbs, despite their differences in ethnicity and language and despite the fact that the religious hierarchy was Greek dominated.

Therefore, Orthodox Greeks, Bulgarians, Albanians, Vlachs, Macedonian Slavs, Georgians, Arabs, Romanians and Serbs were all considered part of the same millet despite their differences in ethnicity and language and despite the fact that the religious hierarchy was Greek dominated.