* 1960 – Cold War: in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage.

* 1941 – World War II: The Ustashe, a Croatian far-right organization is put in charge of the Independent State of Croatia by the Axis Powers after the Axis Operation 25 invasion.

* 1941 – World War II: The Axis Powers in Europe establish the Independent State of Croatia from occupied Yugoslavia with Ante Pavelić's Ustaše fascist insurgents in power.

* 1920 – At the San Remo conference, the principal Allied Powers of World War I adopt a resolution to determine the allocation of Class " A " League of Nations mandates for administration of the former Ottoman-ruled lands of the Middle East.

The Kingdom of Bulgaria participated in World War I on the side of the Central Powers between 15 October 1915, when the country declared war on Serbia, to 29 September 1918, when the Armistice of Thessalonica was signed.

The strategic importance of the Bosphorus remains high, and control over it has been an objective of a number of hostilities in modern history, notably the Russo – Turkish War, 1877 – 1878, as well as of the attack of the Allied Powers on the Dardanelles during the 1915 Battle of Gallipoli in the course of World War I.

The developments that led to the First Balkan War did not go unnoticed by the Great Powers, but although there was an official consensus between the European Powers over the territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire, which led to a stern warning to the Balkan states, unofficially each of them took a different diplomatic approach due to their conflicting interests in the area.

But it was unaware of the Bulgarian plans over Thrace and Constantinople, territories on which it had long-held ambitions, and on which it had just secured a secret agreement of expansion from its allies France and Britain, as a reward for participating in the upcoming Great War against the Central Powers.

The Central Powers ( German: Mittelmächte ; Hungarian: Központi hatalmak ; Turkish: İttifak Devletleri or Bağlaşma Devletleri ; Bulgarian: Централни сили ) were one of the two warring factions in World War I ( 1914 – 18 ), composed of the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Bulgaria.

Chiang Kai-shek, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill met at the Cairo Conference ( 1943 ) | Cairo Conference in 1943 during World War II. With the attack on Pearl Harbor and the opening of the Pacific War, China became one of the Allied Powers.

Despite occasional entanglements with European Powers such as the War of 1812 and the 1898 Spanish-American War, U. S. foreign policy was marked by steady expansion of its foreign trade and scope during the 19th century, and it maintained its policy of avoiding wars with and between European powers.

* 1917 – World War I: An armistice is reached between the new Bolshevik government and the Central Powers.

* 1916 – World War I: The Central Powers capture Bucharest.

First, in the aftermath of the Second World War, the convention, drawing on the inspiration of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights can be seen as part of a wider response of the Allied Powers in delivering a human rights agenda through which it was believed that the most serious human rights violations which had occurred during the Second World War ( most notably, the Holocaust ) could be avoided in the future.

* Allies of World War I, sometimes referred to as " The Entente ", " The Entente Powers ", or " The Entente Forces "

The occupation and reconstruction of Germany by the Four Powers in the period immediately after the end of World War II brought a major and long-lasting change to the economic conditions under which the industry in Germany had previously operated.

During World War II, the Axis Powers in Europe, led by Nazi Germany participated in the extermination of millions of Jews and others in the genocide known as the Holocaust.

Francisco Franco's quasi-fascist Falangist single-party state in Spain was officially neutral in World War II and survived the collapse of the Axis Powers.

World War I enhanced the potential of terror as it was widespread between the Allies and the Central Powers during the conflict.

Powers ' son, Francis Gary Powers Jr., founded a museum of Cold War history in 1996.

* 1964 – Vietnam War: the U. S. Congress passes the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving U. S. President Lyndon B. Johnson broad war powers to deal with North Vietnamese attacks on American forces.

Future president James Garfield, at the close of the Civil War, said that Jefferson's Kentucky Resolution " contained the germ of nullification and secession, and we are today reaping the fruits ".

The Palestine Mandate was based on the principles contained in Article 22 of the draft Covenant of the League of Nations and the San Remo Resolution of 25 April 1920 by the principal Allied and associated powers after the First World War.

After the end of the Gulf War and after the Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait, the sanctions were linked to removal of weapons of mass destruction by Resolution 687.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.

Future president James Garfield, at the close of the Civil War, said that Jefferson's Kentucky Resolution " contained the germ of nullification and secession, and we are today reaping the fruits ".

Future president James Garfield, at the close of the Civil War, said that Jefferson's Kentucky Resolution " contained the germ of nullification and secession, and we are today reaping the fruits ".

* 1973 – The U. S. Congress overrides President Richard M. Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval.

The framers of the Constitution took care to limit the president's powers regarding the military ; Alexander Hamilton explains this in Federalist No. 69: Congress, pursuant to the War Powers Resolution, must authorize any troop deployments longer than 60 days, although that process relies on triggering mechanisms that have never been employed, rendering it ineffectual.

In 1766, almost ten years before the American Revolutionary War, Lee is credited with having authored the Westmoreland Resolution which was publicly signed by prominent landowners who met at Leedstown, Westmoreland County, Virginia on 27 Feb 1766.

One example is the differing set of interpretations of UN Security Council Resolution 242, which calls on Israel to withdraw " from territories occupied " in the 1967 Six Day War.

Following the October 1973 Arab-Israeli War, which left Israel in occupation of additional Syrian territory, Syria accepted UN Security Council Resolution 338, which signaled an implicit acceptance of Resolution 242.

" Since World War II, every major military action has been technically a U. S. military operation or a U. N. " police action ", which are deemed legally legitimate by Congress, and various United Nations Resolutions because of decisions such as the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution or the Authorization for Use of Force.

UNRWA was established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli War by the United Nations General Assembly under Resolution 302 ( IV ) of 8 December 1949.

This was known as the Knox – Porter Resolution ; subsequent Peace treaties were signed with both countries and Ratified by the Senate and signed by Harding on July 21, 1921 ; that officially ended World War I for the U. S. The Senate had refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles in both 1919 and 1920 because it required the U. S. to endorse the League of Nations.

* August 7 – Vietnam War: The United States Congress passes the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, giving U. S. President Lyndon B. Johnson broad war powers to deal with North Vietnamese attacks on U. S. forces.

* February 1 – The United Nations General Assembly declares that China is an aggressor in the Korean War in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 498.

** Gulf War: The United Nations Security Council passes UN Security Council Resolution 678, authorizing military intervention in Iraq if that nation does not withdraw its forces from Kuwait and free all foreign hostages by Tuesday, January 15, 1991.

** Secretary-General of the United Nations Boutros Boutros-Ghali encourages the United Nations Security Council to pass United Nations Security Council Resolution 794, authorizing military intervention in the Somali Civil War to allow emergency food supplies to reach the people of Somalia.

* July 25 – American Civil War: The Crittenden-Johnson Resolution is passed by the U. S. Congress, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.

** In Namibia, fighting erupts between SWAPO guerillas and the South West African Police, on the day that a cease-fire was supposed to end the South African Border War according to United Nations Security Council Resolution 435.

* October 16 – Iraq War Resolution is authorized by a majority of the U. S. Congress.

* " Resolution " by Romantic Mode, the second opening theme for the anime After War Gundam X

War Aims and War Outcomes: Why Powerful States Lose Limited Wars Journal of Conflict Resolution 51 ( 3 ): 496-524.