On 18 October 1314, at the Diet of Frankfurt, the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire failed to elect as successor to Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor, neither the Habsburg claimant, Frederick the Handsome, the duke of Austria, or the Wittelsbach, Louis IV of Bavaria.

As his son John the Blind, King of Bohemia since 1310, seemed too powerful to the prince-electors, Frederick again became a candidate for the crown, while King John withdrew and backed Louis IV of Wittelsbach.

Maximilian II ( July 11, 1662 – February 26, 1726 ), also known as Max Emanuel or Maximilian Emanuel, was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a ' Kurfürst of the Holy Roman Empire.

* Produces the Baroque Festival at the court of Max II Emanuel on the occasion of the 800th anniversary of the House of Wittelsbach.

Louis the Roman () ( May 7, 1328 – May 17, 1365 ) was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach.

In 1342 Louis also acquired Tyrol for the Wittelsbach by voiding the first marriage of Margarete Maultasch with John Henry of Bohemia and marrying her to his own son Louis V, thus alienating the house of Luxemburg even more.

Berthold, Margrave in Bavaria ( died 980 ), was the ancestor of Otto I, Count of Scheyern ( died 1072 ), whose 3rd son Otto II, Count of Scheyern acquired the castle of Wittelsbach ( near Aichach ).

For example, the double marriage in 1385 at Cambrai of his son, John the Fearless, and his daughter, Marguerite, to Margaret of Bavaria and William of Bavaria, son and daughter of Albert, Count of the neighbouring Hainault and Holland, prepared the later union of Hainault and Holland with Burgundy and Flanders, as carried out by Philip's grandson, Philip the Good ; the marriages also inserted the new Valois Burgundy dynasty into the Wittelsbach network of alliances: the other daughters of Count Albert had married William I, Duke of Guelders and Wenceslaus, King of Bohemia ; their cousin, Isabeau of Bavaria, had married Charles VI of France, and become Queen of France.

Charles X Gustav was the second Wittelsbach king of Sweden after the childless king Christopher of Bavaria ( 1441 – 1448 ) and he was the first king of the Swedish Caroline era, which had its peak during the end of the reign of his son, Charles XI.

Wilhelm, the second son of Crown Prince Christian and Crown Princess Luise, was elected King of the Hellenes on March 30, 1863 to succeed the deposed Wittelsbach Otto of Greece and took the name George I of Greece.

Henry was a younger son of Meinhard II of Görz-Tyrol and Elisabeth of Wittelsbach, daughter of Duke Otto II of Bavaria and widow of King Conrad IV of Germany.

She escaped the revenge of the deprived Luxembourgs by turning to their Wittelsbach rivals and on 10 February 1342 married Margrave Louis I of Brandenburg, the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV, without being granted a divorce from John Henry.

After Otto VIII of Wittelsbach had assassinated the German king Philip of Swabia in 1208, Rapoto's son Count Rapoto II even held the office of a Count Palatine of Bavaria.

Pfalzgraf John Casimir was born in Simmern, the third son of Frederick III, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, of the Simmern middle electoral line of the House of Wittelsbach.

In 1833, Otto von Wittelsbach, a son of Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen, became King of Greece after he was appointed by the Great Powers.

Count Palatine Edward of Simmern ( Prince Palatine Edward ) 5 October 1625 – 10 March 1663, was the sixth son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine ( of the House of Wittelsbach ), the " Winter King " of Bohemia, by his consort, the English princess Elizabeth Stuart.

Henry arranged the marriage of his son John with the Přemyslid heiress Elisabeth of Bohemia in 1310, whereupon the House of Luxembourg gained the vast Kingdom of Bohemia as a significant power basis to compete with the Habsburg and Wittelsbach dynasties.

Clemens August of Bavaria () ( 17 August 1700 – 6 February 1761 ) was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty of Bavaria and Archbishop-Elector of Cologne.

The palaces were built at the beginning of the 18th century by the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne, Clemens August of Bavaria of the Wittelsbach family.

In Brühl he worked for Cologne ’ s Archbishop and German Empire Prince Elector Clemens August von Wittelsbach.

lmo: Clement August de Wittelsbach

pl: Klemens August Wittelsbach

Jacqueline of Wittelsbach (; ) ( 16 August 1401 – 8 October 1436 ) was Duchess of Bavaria-Straubing, Countess of Hainaut and Holland from 1417 to 1432.

The Wittelsbach Electors of Bavaria and Cologne supported France and Spain.

This was the end of the reign of the Wittelsbach in Cologne after 178 years of continuous rule.

On 19 October 1314 at Frankfurt-Sachsenhausen, Frederick received four out of seven votes, by Archbishop Henry II of Cologne, by Louis ' brother Elector Palatine Rudolph I of Wittelsbach, by the deposed King Henry of Bohemia and Duke Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg.

Two of his sons also followed ecclesiastical careers: Philipp Wilhelm of Wittelsbach became the Bishop of Regensburg and eventually a Cardinal, and Ferdinand succeeded his uncle, to become Archbishop of Cologne.

Maximilian III promised to support the imperial candidacy of Maria Theresa's husband, Francis Stephen of Lorraine, and to influence the votes of the Electoral Palatinate and the Electorate of Cologne, both ruled by the Wittelsbach.

Though Walram's younger brother Count Gerhard V had sided with German king Adolf of Nassau against his rival Albert I of Habsburg, he managed to retain his territories after Adolf of Nassau lost the Battle of Göllheim in 1298, and in 1314 supported the coronation of Louis IV of Wittelsbach at the nearby City of Aachen, once more against the will of the Cologne bishop.

These efforts would not pay off until after Albert's death ; however, a member of the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria would be Archbishop of Cologne for almost two centuries thereafter.

After him all kings and emperors relied on the lands of their own family ( Hausmacht ): Louis IV of Wittelsbach ( king 1314, emperor 1328 – 47 ) relied on his lands in Bavaria ; Charles IV of Luxembourg, the grandson of Henry VII, drew strength from his own lands in Bohemia.

The sons of Louis supported Günther von Schwarzburg as new rival king to Charles but finally joined the Luxemburg party after Günther's early death in 1349 and divided the Wittelsbach possessions amongst themselves again.

Charles Theodore's heir, Maximilian Joseph, Duke of Zweibrücken ( on the French border ), brought all the Wittelsbach territories under a single rule in 1799.

After 1438, the Kings remained in the house of Habsburg and Habsburg-Lorraine, with the brief exception of Charles VII, who was a Wittelsbach.

In 1367 the Brandenburg elector Otto V of Wittelsbach finally sold Lower Lusatia to Emperor and Bohemian King Charles IV and was incorporated into Kingdom of Bohemia.

Charles IV Theodore, a scion of a senior branch of the House of Wittelsbach, held the closest claim of kinship, but he, too, had no legitimate children to succeed him.

Charles Theodore was of the Wittelsbach house Palatinate-Sulzbach.

To strengthen the union of all lines of the Wittelsbach dynasty Charles III Philip had organized a wedding on January 17, 1742 when his granddaughter Elizabeth Augusta was married to Charles Theodore and her sister Maria Anna to the Bavarian prince Clement.

Nevertheless the Golden Bull caused a conflict between Emperor Charles IV and the Wittelsbach dukes Louis V and Stephen II of Bavaria since also the Bavarian branch of the dynasty got nothing.

Princess Elisabeth was born on 27 May 1652 in the Heidelberg Castle, to Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine of the Simmern branch of the House of Wittelsbach, and Landgravine Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel.

She married Charles III Philip ( Wittelsbach ), heir to the Electorate of the Palatinate, on 15 December 1701 in Kraków.

He was elected German king at Frankfurt on January 30, 1349 by four of the electors, who were partisans of the house of Wittelsbach and opponents of Charles of Luxemburg, afterwards the Emperor Charles IV.

Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine ( Neuburg, 4 November 1661 – Mannheim, 31 December 1742 ) was a ruler from the house of Wittelsbach.

To strengthen the union of all lines of the Wittelsbach dynasty Charles Philip organized a wedding on 17 January 1742 when his granddaughter Elizabeth Auguste was married to Charles Theodore of Palatinate-Sulzbach and her sister Maria Anna to the Bavarian prince Clement.

Upon his death in December 1742, the Palatinate-Neuburg line became extinct, and the Electorate of the Palatinate ( including Neuburg, Jülich and Berg ) was inherited by Charles Theodore of the Palatinate-Sulzbach line of the Wittelsbach family.

Though the dynasty had sided with the Wittelsbach rival Charles VII in the War of the Austrian Succession, their services were indispensable, and Maria Theresa's husband Emperor Francis I officially re-implemented the Thurn und Taxis monopoly in 1746.

Though deeply in debt after numerous processes against the Wittelsbach dukes, Ortenburg-Neuortenburg retained its independence until in 1805 Count Joseph Charles Leopold finally sold it to Elector Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria.

This junior line, raised to an imperial principality by Emperor Charles VII of Wittelsbach in 1742, was reacquired by Stolberg-Wernigerode in 1804.