The first major hotels were built in nearby Arad, and since the 1960s at the Neve Zohar resort complex.

According to Zohar, Lilith is the name of Adam's first wife, who was created at the same time as Adam.

According to Zohar and the Alphabet of Ben Sira, Lilith was Adam's first wife who later became a succubus.

Title page of the first printed edition of the Zohar, Mantua, 1558.

" Zohar " can refer to just the first Zohar collection, with or without the applicable sections of Zohar Chadash, or to the entire Zohar and Tikunim.

At the start of the first volume is printed a " Preface to the Book of the Zohar " ( pages 1a to 14b ).

Some thirty years after the first edition of the Zohar was printed, the manuscripts were gathered and arranged according to the parashas of the Torah and the megillot ( apparently the arrangement was done by the Kabbalist, Rabbi Avraham haLevi of Tsfat ), and were printed first in Salonika in Jewish year 5357 ( 1587?

The first known commentary on the book of Zohar,

The main text of Kabbalah, the Zohar, describes the first verse of the Shema (" Hear Israel, the Lord is God, the Lord is One ") as the " Upper level Unity ", and the second line (" Blessed be the Name of the Glory of His Kingdom forever ") as the " Lower level Unity ".

The Levinson-Durbin algorithm was proposed first by Norman Levinson in 1947, improved by James Durbin in 1960, and subsequently improved to 4n < sup > 2 </ sup > and then 3n < sup > 2 </ sup > multiplications by W. F. Trench and S. Zohar, respectively.

Around the age of twenty-two he became engrossed in the study of the Zohar ( a major work of the Kabbalah that had recently been printed for the first time ) and adopted the life of a recluse.

According to Kaballah in the Zohar the number eight number signifies this because the eight day was the first day after creation when God returned to work ; the week began again.

He was the one to give Uri Zohar, Tuvia Tafir, myself and many others first chance in show biz.

Footvolley was first played in Israel in 2003 when a few beach boys amongst which are, Yossi Golan, Amir Zohar, Oshri Cohen, Shalom Michaelshvili and more, learnt the exciting game from two Brazilian soccer players who played for Israeli teams.

Title page of first edition of the Zohar, Mantua, 1558.

Two of the first popular Mizrahi musicians were Zohar Argov from Rishon LeZion and Avihu Medina.

Upon completing his studies, Elijah appeared to him again in a vision, and told him that he would succeed in his efforts and write a commentary on the Zohar.

Many medieval religious movements emphasized mysticism, such as the Cathars and related movements in the West, the Jews in Spain ( see Zohar ), the Bhakti movement in India and Sufism in Islam.

The most powerful effect of this particular Name of God stems from the Jewish mystical book the Zohar, the seminal document of Kabbalah that emerged in 13th century Spain.

Spanish and Portuguese Jews preserve an early form of the Sephardic liturgy from before the expulsion from Spain, which reflected some, but only very limited, influence from the Kabbalah and the Zohar.

The thirteenth century Zohar, published in Spain, is testament to the continued importance of the language of the Talmud after it had long since ceased to be the language of the people.

The Zohar, which was written in the 13th century, is generally held as the most important esoteric treatise of the Jews.

Following the dissemination of the Zohar in the 13th century, Jewish mysticism took on a metaphorically anthropomorphic erotic element, and Song of Songs is an example of this.

Some modern scholars claim that Moses de León who is said to have published the Zohar in the 13th century was actually its author, however kabbalists reject this claim.

De Leon ascribed the work to Shimon bar Yochai, a rabbi of the 2nd century during the Roman persecution who, according to Jewish legend, hid in a cave for thirteen years studying the Torah and was inspired by the Prophet Elijah to write the Zohar.

While the traditional majority view in religious Judaism has been that the teachings of Kabbalah were revealed by God to Biblical figures such as Abraham and Moses and were then transmitted orally from the Biblical era until its redaction by Shimon ben Yochai, modern academic analysis of the Zohar, such as that by the 20th century religious historian Gershom Scholem, has theorized that De Leon was the actual author.

Over time, the general view in the Jewish community came to be one of acceptance of Moses de Leon's claims, with the Zohar seen as an authentic book of mysticism passed down from the 2nd century.

The authenticity of the Zohar was accepted by such 16th century Jewish luminaries as R ' Yosef Karo ( d. 1575 ), R ' Moses Isserles ( d. 1572 ), and R ' Solomon Luria ( d. 1574 ), who wrote that Jewish law ( Halacha ) follows the Zohar, except where the Zohar is contradicted by the Babylonian Talmud.

Emden argued that the Zohar misquotes passages of Scripture ; misunderstands the Talmud ; contains some ritual observances which were ordained by later rabbinical authorities ; mentions The Crusades against Muslims ( who did not exist in the 2nd century ); uses the expression " esnoga ," a Portuguese term for " synagogue "; and gives a mystical explanation of the Hebrew vowel-points, which were not introduced until long after the Talmudic period.

The influence of the Zohar and the Kabbalah in Yemen, where it was introduced in the 17th century, gave rise to the Dor Daim movement, whose adherents believed that the core beliefs of Judaism were rapidly diminishing in favor of the mysticism of the Kabbalah.

In the mid-20th century, the Jewish historian Gershom Scholem contended that de Leon himself was the most likely author of the Zohar.

In the 17th century, it was proposed that only Jewish men who were at least 40 years old could study Kabbalah, and by extension read the Zohar, because it was believed to be too powerful for those less emotionally mature and experienced.

Founded in the 3rd century CE by Plotinus, The Neoplatonist tradition has clear echoes in the Zohar, as indeed in many forms of mystical spirituality, whether Jewish, Christian or Muslim.

He publishes to the public the Zohar the 2nd century CE esoteric interpretations of the Torah by Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai and his disciples.

In the 16th century, the Ari ( Isaac Luria ) redacted the text ( Short Version ) to harmonize it with the Zohar, and then in the 18th century, the Gra ( Eliyahu the Gaon of Vilna ) further redacted this, now called the Gra Version.

The Kabbalah however is a much earlier Jewish form of Torah commentary that was prominent in the sixteenth century via the book the Zohar.

According to the Talmud and Midrash, this day marks the hillula ( celebration, interpreted by some as anniversary of death ) of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, a Mishnaic sage and leading disciple of Rabbi Akiva in the 2nd century, and the day on which he revealed the deepest secrets of kabbalah in the form of the Zohar, a landmark text of Jewish mysticism.

Arthur Edward Waite wrote that in the Zohar, which is the foundational work of the Jewish Kabbalah, there lie embedded fragments of a mystical work, Sepher ha-bahir, an anonymous work of Jewish mysticism, attributed to the 1st century, behind which Waite discerned " a single radical and essential thesis which is spoken of in general terms as ' The Mystery of Faith '.

Nonetheless, it is clear that this text predates other Kabbalistic texts, including the Zohar ( thirteenth century CE ), the Bahir ( thirteenth century CE as well ), and possibly the Sefer Yetzirah ( fourth century CE ).

Her story was greatly developed, during the Middle Ages, in the tradition of Aggadic midrashim, the Zohar and Jewish mysticism.

The Zohar is mostly written in what has been described as an exalted, eccentric style of Aramaic, which was the day-to-day language of Israel in the Second Temple period ( 539 BCE – 70 CE ), was the original language of large sections of the biblical books of Daniel and Ezra, and is the main language of the Talmud.

Suspicions aroused by the facts that the Zohar was discovered by one person, and that it refers to historical events of the post-Talmudic period while purporting to be from an earlier time, caused the authorship to be questioned from the outset.

Conversely, Elijah Delmedigo ( c. 1458 – c. 1493 ), in his Bechinat ha-Dat endeavored to show that the Zohar could not be attributed to Shimon bar Yochai, arguing that if it were his work, the Zohar would have been mentioned by the Talmud, as has been the case with other works of the Talmudic period, that had bar Yochai known by divine revelation the hidden meaning of the precepts, his decisions on Jewish law from the Talmudic period would have been adopted by the Talmud, that it would not contain the names of rabbis who lived at a later period than that of Simeon ; and that if the Kabbalah was a revealed doctrine, there would have been no divergence of opinion among the Kabbalists concerning the mystic interpretation of the precepts.

Debate continued over the generations ; Delmedigo's arguments were echoed by Leon of Modena ( d. 1648 ) in his Ari Nohem, and a work devoted to the criticism of the Zohar, Miṭpaḥat Sefarim, was written by Jacob Emden ( d. 1776 ), who, waging war against the remaining adherents of the Sabbatai Zevi movement ( in which Zevi, a false messiah and Jewish apostate, cited Messianic prophecies from the Zohar as proof of his legitimacy ), endeavored to show that the book on which Zevi based his doctrines was a forgery.

The Temple of Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 CE and so before revealing the Zohar in 1270, Moses De Leon uncovered the manuscripts in a cave in Israel.

Some Orthodox Jews accept the earlier rabbinic position that the Zohar was a work written in the middle medieval period by Moses de Leon, but argue that since it is obviously based on earlier materials, it can still be held to be authentic, but not as authoritative or without error as others within Orthodoxy might hold.

Yeshayahu Leibowitz, noted professor of philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, claimed that " It is clear that the Zohar was written by de Leon as it is clear that Theodore Herzl wrote Medinat HaYehudim ( The Jewish State ).

Other Jewish scholars have also suggested the possibility that the Zohar was written by a group of people, including de Leon.