Then in 1937 America's International Council of Religious Education authorized a new revision, in the light of expanded knowledge of ancient manuscripts and languages.

Discoveries recently made of old Biblical manuscripts in Hebrew and Greek and other ancient writings, some by the early church fathers, in themselves called for a restudy of the Bible.

The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox receive several additional books in to their canons based upon their presence in manuscripts of the ancient translation of the Old Testament in to Greek, the Septuagint ( although some of these books, such as Sirach and Tobit, are now known to be extant in Hebrew or Aramaic originals, being found amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls ).

), while generally using the Septuagint and Vulgate, now supplemented by the ancient Hebrew and Aramaic manuscripts, as the textual basis for the deuterocanonical books.

According to ancient Chinese, Indian and Javanese manuscripts, western coastal cities of Borneo had become trading ports, part of their trade routes, since the first millennium.

The scholarly study of these manuscripts from the point of view of the bookbinding craft is called codicology ; the study of ancient documents in general is called paleography.

Basic rule: " The text is only to be sought from ancient evidence, and especially from Greek manuscripts, but without neglecting the testimonies of versions and fathers.

On one hand, there are transmitted versions and commentaries that date back two millennia ; on the other, there are ancient bamboo, silk, and paper manuscripts that archeologists discovered in the last century.

Some of this work employed infrared technology — previously used for satellite imaging — to detect previously unknown material by Euripides in fragments of the Oxyrhynchus papyri, a collection of ancient manuscripts held by the university.

I have already almost finished emending him by collating a large number of ancient manuscripts, and this I am doing at enormous personal expense.

Indeed, amongst many ancient writers, Moses himself was seen as an Egyptian rather than a Jew, and two manuscripts likely dating to the 4th century, both of which purport to be the legendary eighth Book of Moses ( the first five being the initial books in the Biblical Old Testament ), present him as a polytheist who explained how to conjure gods and subdue demons.

Ann Heymann has revived the ancient tradition and technique by playing the instrument as well as studying Bunting's original manuscripts in the library of Queens University, Belfast.

As is common with ancient texts, however, there are no surviving extant manuscripts of Josephus ' works that can be dated before the 11th century, and the oldest of these are all Greek minuscules, copied by Christian monks.

From ancient texts to medieval maps, anything written down for study would have been done with manuscripts.

The oldest Vamshavali or chronicle, the Gopalarajavamsavali, was copied from older manuscripts during the late 14th century, is a fairly reliable basis for Nepal's ancient history.

The New Testament has been preserved in more than 5, 800 Greek manuscripts, 10, 000 Latin manuscripts and 9, 300 manuscripts in various other ancient languages including Syriac, Slavic, Ethiopic and Armenian.

On noting the large number of surviving ancient manuscripts, Bruce Metzger sums up the view on the issue by saying " The more often you have copies that agree with each other, especially if they emerge from different geographical areas, the more you can cross-check them to figure out what the original document was like.

This was the beginning of modern New Testament textual criticism, which over subsequent centuries would increasingly incorporate more and more manuscripts, in more languages ( i. e., versions of the New Testament ), as well as citations of the New Testament by ancient authors and the New Testament text in lectionaries in order to reconstruct the earliest recoverable form of the New Testament text and the history of changes to it.

* The Original Text of the New Testament-an ongoing project that aims to collate all extant ancient manuscripts of the Greek New Testament and its early versions ( Peshitta, Curetonian Syriac, Syriac Sinaiticus, Philoxenian, Old Latin, Vulgate, Sahidic, and Bohairic ) and present them online in parallel with a comprehensive critical apparatus.

In 1760 Macpherson published the English-language text Fragments of ancient poetry, collected in the Highlands of Scotland, and translated from the Gaelic or Erse language, and later that year obtained further manuscripts.

It is an ancient discipline, being found in the earliest known manuscripts concerning philosophy, and relates to many other branches of philosophy and general thought, including metaphysics, logic, and history.

There are religious significance and aspects of the rooster and the cockfight which are exampled by the religious belief of Tabuh Rah, a religious and spiritual cockfight where a rooster is used in religious custom by allowing him to fight against another rooster in the Balinese Hinduism spiritual appeasement exercise of Tabuh Rah, a form of animal sacrifice, where ritual fights usually take place outside the temple and follow an ancient and complex ritual as set out in the sacred lontar manuscripts.

The rivalry between these powers exacerbated the indigenous factions that were struggling to preserve their ancient political system.

These involved the three colonial powers battling for control of Samoa-America, Germany and Britain-and the indigenous factions struggling to preserve their ancient political system.

The cold and wet summers help preserve the ancient glaciers.

Vessey believes that William's claim to have been commissioned by Amalric is a typical ancient and medieval topos, or literary theme, in which a wise ruler, a lover of history and literature, wishes to preserve for posterity the grand deeds of his reign.

Edward's host followed the line of the old Roman road, which ran through an ancient forest known as the Tor Wood, over the Bannockburn and into the New Park, a hunting preserve enclosed at the time of Alexander III.

Palynology is used by geologists to help date rocks for petroleum, mining and water exploration and to help unravel the history of plants on Earth ; by geographers to investigate climatic and environmental change: by botanists for plant taxonomy and phylogeny ; by immunologist to investigate allergenic pollen ; by archaeologists to study the customs, rituals and agricultural practices of ancient peoples ; by zoologists and environmental scientists to understand foraging habits of insects, birds and mammals and to investigate past native vegetation and habitats in order to preserve the present and protect endangered species.

Shortly thereafter, Eric Havelock's Preface to Plato revolutionized how scholars looked at Homeric epic by arguing not only that it was the product of an oral tradition, but also that the oral-formulas contained therein served as a way for ancient Greeks to preserve cultural knowledge across many different generations.

Beginning in 2006, Global Heritage Fund, in partnership with the Second University of Naples ( SUN, Italy ), the Libyan Department of Antiquities, and the Libyan Ministry of Culture, has been working to preserve the ancient site through a combination of holistic conservation practices and training of local skilled and unskilled labor.

The antiquary and mayor of Carcassonne, Jean-Pierre Cros-Mayrevieille, and the writer Prosper Mérimée, the first inspector of ancient monuments, led a campaign to preserve the fortress as a historical monument.

The reason was that since the need to preserve poetic metre and melody limited possible changes, it was thought that ancient notions were better preserved in them than in other genres of folklore.

Some stories from the Popol Vuh continued to be told by modern Maya as folk legends ; some stories recorded by anthropologists in the 20th century may preserve portions of the ancient tales in greater detail than the Ximénez manuscript.

Mesa Verde National Park, Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, Yucca House National Monument, and Hovenweep National Monument preserve hundreds of ancient Amerindian structures, including the famous cliff-dwellings, found in the county.

Numerous ancient sources, including Plutarch's Life of Alcibiades, preserve stories of Anytus ' tumultuous relationship with the young Alcibiades, also a lover of Socrates.

In order to preserve the remains, the ancient Egyptian priests had to devise a system of artificial mummification.

He tells his daughter Promethea to flee into the desert, hoping the gods of the ancient world will preserve her.

Open air drying using sun and wind has been practiced since ancient times to preserve food.

The authors also note that their results should be interpreted as only finding that the Khoisan " preserve ancient lineages ", and not that they " stopped evolving " or are an " ancient group ", since subsequent changes in their population are in parallel and similar to those of all other human populations.

Tutelary deities who guard and preserve a place or a person are fundamental to ancient Roman religion.

Many areas with such languages work hard to preserve their ancient traditions, in the face of rapidly advancing telecommunications systems in many areas.

Wishing to preserve this history due to his own history's connection to the Legion's past, the Trapper takes a sliver of time from the ancient universe and uses it to craft a " pocket universe " in which Earth and Krypton are the only inhabited planets.

In 1936 the fauna and flora of the island were placed under protection to preserve its ancient oak and beech woodlands.

The survival of these ancient local divisions within the pattern of historical change constitutes a vital element in the framework of the national life and helps to preserve its continuity.

Konservat-Lagerstätten preserve lightly sclerotized and soft-bodied organisms or traces of organisms that are not otherwise preserved in the usual shelly and bony fossil record ; thus, they offer more complete records of ancient biodiversity and behavior and enable some reconstruction of the palaeoecology of ancient aquatic communities.