The controversy of the last few years over whether architects or interior designers should plan the interiors of modern buildings has brought clearly into focus one important difference of opinion.

Prior to modern times, there was no distinction between architects, engineers and often artists, and the title used varied depending on geographical location.

Marx is typically cited, with Émile Durkheim and Max Weber, as one of the three principal architects of modern social science.

Erich Fromm identifies Marx, together with Freud and Albert Einstein, as the " architects of the modern age ", but rejects the idea that Marx and Freud were equally significant, emphasizing that he sees Marx as both far more historically important than Freud and a finer thinker.

Marx is typically cited, along with Émile Durkheim and Max Weber, as one of the three principal architects of modern social science.

His two Goetheanum buildings are generally accepted to be masterpieces of modern architecture, and other anthroposophical architects have contributed thousands of buildings to the modern scene.

Émile Durkheim, Karl Marx and Max Weber are typically cited as the principal architects of modern social science by this definition.

In 1929, the Werkbund opened WuWa ( German: Wohnungs-und Werkraumausstellung ) in Breslau-Scheitnig, an international showcase of modern architecture by architects of the Silesian branch of the Werkbund.

Before World War II, many European architects moved to the United States, where modern architecture continued to develop.

Cubism had become an influential factor in the development of modern architecture from 1912 onward, developing in parallel with architects such as Peter Behrens and Walter Gropius, with the simplification of building design, the use of materials appropriate to industrial production, and the increased use of glass.

Fromm contended that Freud was one of the " architects of the modern age ", alongside Albert Einstein and Karl Marx, but emphasized that he considered Marx both far more historically important than Freud and a finer thinker.

Louis Henry Sullivan ( September 3, 1856 – April 14, 1924 ) was an American architect, and has been called the " father of skyscrapers " and " father of modernism " He is considered by many as the creator of the modern skyscraper, was an influential architect and critic of the Chicago School, was a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, and an inspiration to the Chicago group of architects who have come to be known as the Prairie School.

Although SOM was one of the first major modern American architectural firms to promote a corporate face ( i. e. not specifically crediting individual architects for their buildings ), many famous architects, engineers and interior designers have been associated with the various national offices.

During the 20th century Dutch architects played a leading role in the development of modern architecture.

The Festival architects tried to show by the design and layout of the South Bank Festival what could be achieved by applying modern town planning ideas.

A countervailing view, put forward by prominent Dutch sociologist Saskia Sassen is that the modern or new ‘ informal ’ sector is the product and driver of advanced capitalism and the site of the most entrepreneurial aspects of the urban economy, led by creative professionals such as artists, architects, designers and soft-ware developers.

" Other architects, well known ( Frank Lloyd Wright, for example ) and not so well known, also contributed significant modern houses that elicited strong reactions from nearly everyone who saw them and are still astonishing today ... New Canaan came to be the locus of the modern movement's experimentation in materials, construction methods, space, and form ", according to an online description of The Harvard Five in New Canaan: Mid-Century Modern Houses, by William D. Earls.

Some other New Canaan architects designing modern homes were Victor Christ-Janer, John Black Lee, Allan Gelbin, and Hugh Smallen.

Most noteworthy of these villages is Nagele which was designed by famous modern architects of the time, Gerrit Rietveld, Aldo van Eyck and Jaap Bakema among them.

The modern Chapel was built in 1958 in Main Street by the architects Greenwood and Nicholls.

His architects Leo von Klenze and Friedrich von Gärtner also strongly influenced the cityscape of modern Athens.

Some modern architects, such as Yoshio Taniguchi and Tadao Ando are known for their amalgamation of Japanese traditional and Western architectural influences.

Other disciples continued Mies's architectural language for years, notably Gene Summers, David Haid, Myron Goldsmith, Jacques Brownson, and other architects at the firms of C. F.

Her ideas were taken up in the 1920s by architects in Germany and Austria, most notably Bruno Taut, Erna Meyer, and Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky.

He was an influence on a number of 18th century architects, notably Lord Burlington and William Kent.

Some of Finland's most famous architects participated in the planning, most notably Viljo Revell.

It is a design element that has been copied by modern architects frequently-most notably the husband wife team of Pete and Alice Dye and Tom Doak.

* Richardson found sympathetic reception among young Scandinavian architects of the following generation, notably Eliel Saarinen

Under Morris ' influence, many of the colleges have had distinguished architects, notably the one at Impington designed by Walter Gropius and Maxwell Fry.

Other celebrated architects of the fair's buildings, notably Cass Gilbert, who designed the Saint Louis Art Museum, originally the fair's Palace of the Fine Arts, similarly employed City Beautiful ideas from the fair throughout their lives.

Prada has commissioned architects, most notably Rem Koolhaas and Herzog & de Meuron, to design flagship stores in various locations.

Lemercier was engaged by Louis XIII in initial planning for an expansion of the hunting lodge at Versailles, a project which was only realized by other architects, notably Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin-Mansart, under the guidance of Louis XIV.

Then, as Sheremetev recruited services of influential contemporary architects ( most notably Francesco Camporesi, see Attribution dispute section ), work accelerated and the wooden palace was structurally in its present shape, including pavilion wings, by the end of 1793.

Since that time, other architects working with Mildred Bliss — most notably Ruth Havey and Alden Hopkins — changed certain elements of the Farrand design.

The last great exponent of late Victorian free Renaissance eclecticism was Edwin Lutyens, and his shift into the Classical mode after 1900 symbolised a wider retreat from the stylistic ferment of the 19th century to a plain and homogenous Classicism based on Georgian exemplars, an approach followed by many architects of the early 20th century, notably Herbert Baker and Reginald Blomfield.

Although it was never built, its flexible space influenced other architects, notably Richard ( now Lord ) Rogers and Renzo Piano whose Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris extended many of Price's ideas-some of which Price used on a more modest scale in the Inter-Action Centre at Kentish Town, London ( 1971 ).

Many movie palace architects, like studio heads, were often first generation Americans, notably the Romanian-born John Eberson and Scottish Thomas W. Lamb.

Numerous architects have executed work at the Hofburg as it expanded, notably the Italian architect-engineer Filiberto Luchese ( the Leopoldischiner Trakt ), Lodovico Burnacini and Martino and Domenico Carlone, the Baroque architects Lukas von Hildebrandt and Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach ( the Reichschancelry Wing and the Winter Riding School ), Johann Fischer von Erlach ( the library ), and the architects of the grandiose Neue Burg built between 1881 and 1913.

The regulations did not exclude a building in the style of the Classicists as in the Walhalla, a parallel construction project, but it can be assumed that the architects were free to submit other architectural styles.

The architects, the tile and carpet makers, the potters, painters, calligraphers, and metalsmiths worked through Abbas's reign and those of his successors to enrich the city.

The term Building design professional ( or Design professional ), by contrast, is a much broader term including professionals who practice independently under an alternate profession, such as engineering professionals, or those who assist in the practice architecture under the supervision of a licensed architect, such as architectural technologists and intern architects.

Alexander's work has widely influenced architects ; those that acknowledge his influence include Sarah Susanka, among others.

The Institute provides services to assist members including support and promotion of the work of landscape architects ; information and guidance to the public and industry about the specific expertise offered by those in the profession ; and training and educational advice to students and professionals looking to build upon their experience.

Careers which suit those with this type of intelligence include artists, designers and architects.

Unlike the Expo Line, the Millennium Line's stations were designed by British Columbia's top architects, resulting in dramatically different stations from those on the Expo Line.

In an increasing number of cases an installation can be defined as a responsive environment, especially those created by architects and designers.

The rebuilding of those churches and other landmarks like the Gürzenich was not undisputed among leading architects and art historians at that time, but in most cases, civil intention prevailed.

Even more so that developers become systems architects, those who design the multi-leveled architecture or component interactions of a large software system.

The term " landscape designer " is sometimes used to refer to those who are not officially qualified or licensed as landscape architects.

Corporate landscape architects generally make more than those working for governmental agencies.

The Volga German community came to include industrialists, scientists, musicians and architects, including those who built Saratov's universities and conservatories.

Leading architects condemned the design, with Arthur Beresford Pite describing it as " a would-be Gothic architectural form of great vulgarity and stupid want of meaning ", and T G Jackson describing the bridge designs as a sign of " the utter apparent indifference of those in authority to the matter of art ".

For years, vague hints had been made that the Board tended to encourage those applying for leases to employ members of the Board as architects.

Until 1900, projects were generally managed by creative architects and engineers themselves, among those for example Christopher Wren, Thomas Telford and Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

Numerous Argentine architects have enriched their own country's cityscapes, and in recent decades, those around the world.

The software for architects, interior decorators and all those who deal with colors in a creative way.

Within the general collections it has special collections such as those pertaining to architectural games for children, universal exhibitions and their architecture, and significant architects including Ernest Cormier, Peter Eisenman, Arthur Erickson, John Hejduk, Cedric Price, Aldo Rossi, James Stirling, and the artist Gordon Matta-Clark.

This publication featured most of Wright's designs, including those unbuilt, during his Oak Park years and brought them to the attention of European architects of 1920s, especially students of the Bauhaus school in Germany and the De Stijl school in Holland.

Engaging the same architects as Middlesbrough ( The Miller Partnership ) Derby's plans predominantly followed those of the Riverside Stadium, with the first stage being a detached main stand facing a horseshoe running unbroken round the other three sides, with the possibility of the corners being filled in later and the ground's capacity being increased if and when necessary by raising the horseshoe roof.

The architects Pieter Post and Jacob van Campen, who built Huis ten Bosch Palace in 1645, were among those involved in the alterations.

The book was basically a book of design containing architectural prints of British buildings, which had been inspired by the great architects from Vitruvius to Palladio ; at first mainly those of Inigo Jones, but the later tomes contained drawings and plans by Campbell and other 18th-century architects.