Gelatin is a mixture of peptides and proteins produced by partial hydrolysis of collagen extracted from the skin, boiled crushed horn, hoof and bones, connective tissues, organs and some intestines of animals such as domesticated cattle, chicken, horses, and pigs.

Gelatin is derived from pork skins, pork, horses, and cattle bones, or split cattle hides.

Villagers were said to have cast the bones of the slaughtered cattle upon the flames.

Phosphorus-deficient cattle, especially in southern Africa, are inclined to ingest bones and carrion containing clostridial toxins and consequently suffer lame sickness or lamsiekte.

A few bronze artifacts featured inscriptions, but most direct information comes from oracle bones – turtle shells, cattle scapulae, or other bones, which bear glyphs that form the first significant corpus of recorded Chinese characters.

In particular, Eurasia had the best collection of plants and animals suitable for domestication – barley, two varieties of wheat and three protein-rich pulses for food ; flax for textiles ; goats, sheep and cattle provided meat, leather, glue ( by boiling the hooves and bones ) and, in the case of sheep, wool.

As cattle do not have collar bones, these muscles support about 60 % of the body weight of standing / moving cattle.

For some years, tar-covered bones were found on the Rancho La Brea property, but were not initially recognized as fossils, because the ranch itself had lost various animals, including horses, cattle, dogs, and even camels, whose bones closely resemble several of the fossil species.

Initially, they mistook the bones in the pits for the remains of pronghorn antelope or cattle that had become mired.

Plenty of material evidence, such as bones of domestic animals, tools and equipment used by prehistoric shepherds and decorated clay tableware, was found in the caves that served as shelter for people and cattle.

Neolithic diviners in China had long been heating the bones of deer, sheep, pigs and cattle for similar purposes ; evidence for this in Liaoning has been found dating to the late fourth millennium BCE.

The land of the Birmingham Plateau, particularly the unenclosed area of the manor of Birmingham to the west of the town, was more suited to pastoral then arable agriculture and excavated animal bones indicate that cattle were the dominant livestock, with some sheep but very few pigs.

Sheep, cattle, pigs and ponies were kept, Atlantic cod, saithe and ling were eaten, and whale and seal bones have also been found along with the remains of a single dog.

Only dog and pig bones show morphological signs of domestication ( size reduction ), sheep, goat and cattle bones are in the size range of the wild species ( Mouflon, bezoar goat and wild cattle, respectively ).

The animal bones were chiefly cattle but also pigs, sheep and goats.

This meant a ready supply of cattle bones, and local entrepreneurs, Thomas Frye and Edward Heylyn, developed a means to mix this with clay and create a form of fine porcelain, said to rival the best from abroad, and this became known as Bow Porcelain.

Remains found at archaeological sites suggest that the inhabitants used a method of divination based on interpreting the crack patterns formed in heated cattle bones.

The builders placed the bones of deer and oxen in the bottom of the ditch, as well as some worked flint tools.

The first ice skates were made from leg bones of horse, ox or deer, and were attached to feet with leather straps.

These tribes settled in rockshelters in the river and creek valleys, leaving behind artifacts and caches of seeds, implements, burial sites, and petroglyphs, river shells, turkey and deer bones, flint knives, scrapers, and points.

Mastodon bones and a few relics of the early Indian dwellers still occasionally can be found as well as coveys of game birds, some while tail deer, and small game.

Ibex and red deer bones along with charcoal indicate that the animals were butchered and cooked in these camps.

The sparse animal bones contain the above-mentioned domestic species as well as deer, badger, marten and mouse: the extinction of the local megafauna had not left much game behind.

With regard to the origin of the idea, Oken narrates in his Isis that, walking one autumn day in 1806 in the Harz forest, he stumbled on the blanched skull of a deer, picked up the partially dislocated bones, and contemplated them for a while, when it suddenly occurred to him, " It is a vertebral column!

Archaeological evidence indicates that an ancient submerged forest was located on what is now the foreshore of Mumbles Bay The bones of bears, wolves, hyenas, deer, rhinoceros and mammoth have been discovered there.

Other animal bones including mammoth, reindeer and giant deer from the local glacial maximum have also been found in the canton.

In the Levant, fallow deer were an important source of meat in the Palaeolithic Kebaran-culture ( 17000 – 10000 BC ), as is shown by animal bones from sites in northern Israel, but the numbers decreased in the following epi-Palaeolithic Natufian culture ( 10000 – 8500 BC ), perhaps because of increased aridity and the decrease of wooded areas.

According to the analyses of fragments of bones, they constitute the remains of horses, deer, and much more rarely cows which were sacrificed as animals devoted to deities.

The oracle bones are mostly tortoise plastrons ( ventral or belly shells, probably female ) and ox scapulae ( shoulder blades ), although some are the carapace ( dorsal or back shells ) of tortoises, and a few are ox rib bones, scapulae of sheep, boars, horses and deer, and some other animal bones.

Hunting was practiced, as bones of red and roe deer, boar, bison, elk, hare, fox and wolf attest, but did not provide much of the meat consumed.

Animal bones show that Mammoth, woolly haired rhino, horses, red deer and reindeer were hunted.

depict men in games with astragali-ankle bones of sheep or deer that were used as dice.

The presence of fallow deer ( 4 bones ) and pig ( 13 bones ) is puzzling, since these animals are thought to have been introduced only in the PPNB period.

Evidence indicating inhabitance in autumn and winter include deer bones and passenger pigeon remains.

In one of the pyramids, they uncovered 32 flutes made of condor and pelican bones and 37 cornets of deer and llama bones.

Another notable find on the site was a collection of musical instruments, including 37 coronets made of deer and llama bones and 33 flutes of unusual construction.

Let us now put some flesh on the theoretical bones we have assembled by giving illustrations of roleplaying used for evaluation and analysis.

She said sharks have no bones and shrimp swam backward.

Its function is to control the expulsion of feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones ; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin ; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract ; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts.

* Short bones are roughly cube-shaped, and have only a thin layer of compact bone surrounding a spongy interior.

However, there is evidence of large fires and charred bones from excavations at the site, showing it to have been ritually significant.

A boomerang is usually thought of as a wooden device cut from a tree trunk, although historically boomerang-like devices have also been made from bones.

Dogs have molar teeth behind the carnassials for crushing bones, but cats have only a greatly reduced, functionless molar behind the carnassial in the upper jaw.

In Gough's Cave, England, remains of human bones and skulls, around 15, 000 years old, suggest that cannibalism took place amongst the people living in or visiting the cave, and that they may have used human skulls as drinking vessels.

Though the Shang did not have a concept of " medicine " as distinct from other fields, their oracular inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells refer to illnesses that affected the Shang royal family: eye disorders, toothaches, bloated abdomen, etc., which Shang elites usually attributed to curses sent by their ancestors.

* Recent advances have been made in ceramics which include bioceramics, such as dental implants and synthetic bones.

Complete double-six setDomino tiles, also known as bones, are twice as long as they are wide and usually have a line in the middle dividing them into two squares.

The importance of 12 has been attributed to the number of lunar cycles in a year, and also to the fact that humans have 12 finger bones ( phalanges ) on one hand ( three on each of four fingers ).

It is suggested that diprotodonts may have been an inspiration for the legends of the bunyip, as some Aboriginal tribes identify Diprotodon bones as those of " bunyips ".

There is some evidence that the australopithecines ( 4 Ma ) may have used broken bones as tools, but this is debated.

He compared bones and muscles of human and chimpanzee thumbs, finding that humans have 3 muscles which are lacking in chimpanzees.

Similar to the fingers of the hand, the bones of the toes are called phalanges and the big toe has two phalanges while the other four toes have three phalanges.

The saint's body was claimed to have been discovered in a cave with a copy of the canonical Gospel of Matthew on its breast ; according to the contemporary account of Theodorus Lector, who reports that both bones and gospel book were presented by Anthemios to the emperor.

Many Maritime Archaic people were buried with Great Auk bones, and one was buried covered in over 200 auk beaks, which are assumed to have been part of a cloak made of their skins.

Known from bones found in the Yorktown Formation of the Lee Creek Mine in North Carolina, it is believed to have split along with the Great Auk from a common ancestor.

Its bones have been found as far south as Florida, where it may have occurred during four isolated time periods: around 1000 BC, 1000 AD, the 15th century, and the 17th century.

The Great Auk is known to have been preyed upon by Neanderthals more than 100, 000 years ago, as evidenced by well-cleaned bones found by their campfires.

While thousands of isolated bones have been collected from 19th century Funk Island to Neolithic middens, only a small number of complete skeletons exist.