A burning glass or burning lens is a large convex lens that can concentrate the sun's rays onto a small area, heating up the area and thus resulting in ignition of the exposed surface.

They were used in 18th-century chemical studies for burning materials in closed glass vessels where the products of combustion could be trapped for analysis.

The technology of the burning glass has been known since antiquity.

Archimedes, the renowned mathematician, was said to have used a burning glass ( or more likely a large number of angled hexagonal mirrors ) as a weapon in 212 BC, when Syracuse was besieged by Marcus Claudius Marcellus.

The Olympic torch that is carried around the host country of the Olympic games is lit by means of a burning glass.

A Molotov cocktail is a breakable glass bottle containing a flammable substance such as gasoline or a napalm-like mixture, with some motor oil added, and usually a source of ignition such as a burning cloth wick held in place by the bottle's stopper.

When mixed with concentrated sulfuric, they begin releasing oxygen, which can oxidise the carbonaceous dehydration products formed from organic residues by the sulfuric to carbon dioxide ; ' burning ' them off the glass.

When burning candles in glass holders or jars, users should avoid lighting candles with chipped or cracked containers, and stop use once 1 / 2 inch or less of wax remains.

Prior to the use of matches, fires were obtained using a burning glass ( a lens ) to focus the sun on tinder, a method that could only work on sunny days, or by igniting tinder with sparks produced by striking flint and steel.

Other mentioned properties include: creation of perpetually burning lamps, transmutation of common crystals into precious stones and diamonds, reviving of dead plants, creation of flexible or malleable glass, or the creation of a clone or golem.

Stained glass showing the burning bush and the motto " nec tamen consumebatur ", St. Mungo's Cathedral, Glasgow.

User-specific products include glass hashish pipes, crack cocaine pipes, smoking masks, hashish bongs, cocaine freebase kits, syringes, roach clips for holding the burning end of a marijuana " joint ".

bacchá – bachelor – bachelor party – bachelorette – backroom – bacterial vaginosis – badger game – Bahá ' í marriage – balanitis – ball gag – ball stretcher – ballbusting – ballet boots – bann – barebacking – barfine – Barr body – barrier contraception – barrier method – Bartholin's abscess – Bartholin's cyst – Bartholin's ducts – Bartholin's gland – basal body temperature – basal temperature – bastard – bastardy – bath house – BDSM – bear community – beard ( female companion ) – beau – behavioral imprinting – belly dancing – belonephilia – Ben Wa balls – benign prostatic hyperplasia – benign prostatic hypertrophy – Benjamin scale – Harry Benjamin – berdache – Berkley Horse – Theresa Berkley – best man – bestiality – beta-lipotropin – betrothal – betrothal gift – bi-curious – bi-sexualism – bi-sexuality – biastophilia – bidet – bigamist – bigamy – Billings ovulation method – bilocal residence – bindings ( sexology ) – biogenic amine – biorhythm – bipara – biparous – birth control – bisexuality – bit gag – biting ( sexology ) – blackroom ( gay club ) – Ray Blanchard – blanket sleeper fetish – blastocyst – blastula – blended orgasm – blindfold – blindfolding ( sexology ) – blitz rape – Iwan Bloch – blood fetish – blood sport ( BDSM ) – blood test – blood-testis barrier – blow job – blow-job – blue balls – bodice-ripper – body dysmorphic disorder – body fluid – body hair – body image fixation – Body integrity identity disorder – body integrity identity disorder – body modification – body of penis – body painting – body piercing – body worship – bondage – bondage and discipline – bondage harness – bondage hood – bonobo – boot fetishism – booty call – bordello – borderline self-mutilator – Ernest Borneman – Boston marriage – bottom – bottom ( BDSM ) – bottom ( sex ) – bottoming – boyfriend – bra – brachio-rectal sex – brachioproctic eroticism – brachiovaginal eroticism – bradycubia – branding persons – brassiere – breaking the hymen – breaking the wine glass – breakthrough bleeding – breast – breast augmentation – breast cancer – breast expansion fetishism – breast implant – breast ironing – breast reduction – breast shaping – breath control play – breech birth – breeder ( slang ) – bremelanotide – Brenner tumor – bridal night – bridal sedan – bridal shower – bride – bride burning – bride kidnapping – bride price – bride wealth – bridegroom – brideprice – brideservice – bridesmaid – bridewealth – broad ligament of the uterus – brothel – brothel keeper – brothel prostitution – Buck's fascia – Buddhist marriage customs – Buddhist view of marriage – Buddhist views of homosexuality – bugarrón – bugchasing and giftgiving – buggery – bukkake – bulb of penis – bulbocavernosus muscle – bulbocavernosus reflex – bulbospongiosus muscle – bulbourethral gland – bulemia – bulimia – bundling – bunny boiler – Richard Francis Burton – buru sera – burusera – butch – butt fucking – butt plug – buttered bun ( sexual practice ) – butterfly sex position –

Stained glass window by Harry Clarke, depicting St. Rose burning her hands in an act of penance, in St. Michael's Church, Ballinasloe, Ireland

Her compositions featured non-conventional instruments, such as glass tubing and burning, moss covered pianos, which she described as sound sculptures, and presented in performance pieces with other sound poets and integrated choreography.

Farming, fishing and burning seaweed to kelp ash ( used in the manufacture of soap and glass ) were the main economic activities on the island until the 19th century.

The sky would be full of noise, the crash of anti aircraft gunfire, the wooshing roar of rockets from the Penarth golf course, the whistle of falling bombs followed by rumbling explosions, the clattering rain of incendiaries, the smashing of broken glass, the fire-engine bells, lights in the sky, smoke and flames and the smell of burning.

In the 1970s, conservationists began discouraging the former reckless approach of disposing of cans and glass containers by burning and burying in wilderness and recreation areas, and some places began forbidding such materials by regulation.

They were indeed rendered so faint in passing through it, that when collected in the focus of a burning glass they would scarce kindle brown paper.

* The phrase " the burning water of Tapa " ( Estonian: Tapa põlev vesi ) refers to the fact that so much fuel from Soviet MiG-23 fighters leaked into Tapa's ground water that one could actually light a glass of tap water on fire.

Eventually, the authors announced that the observations had been terminated by the destruction of the telescope, by means of the sun causing the lens to act as a ' burning glass ', setting fire to the observatory.

A burning glass owned by Richard Kirwan

One of the approaches is using an aerosol of burning red phosphorus particles and aluminium coated glass fibers ; the infrared emissions of such smoke curtains hides the weaker emissions of colder objects behind it, but the effect is only short-lived.

It was burning away, forgotten.

In China it was a baby sitting on a railroad platform, smudged, blood-specked, with the village burning about him and shells exploding.

Although his tender nights were not the ones I dreamed of, nor was it for yachts, sports cars, tall drinks, and swimming pools, nor yet for money or what money buys that I burned, I too was burning and watching myself burn.

Lane was still burning because he had narrowly missed election as governor of California in 1902 and laid his defeat to the antagonism of Hearst's San Francisco Examiner.

Now, driving the horse and sulky borrowed from Mynheer Schuyler, he felt as if every bone was topped by burning oil and that every muscle was ready to dissolve into jelly and leave his big body helpless and unable to move.

Every few minutes she would awaken for a moment to review things: Stowey, yes, was on his way south, and the two boys were away in school, and nothing was burning on the stove, and Lucretia was coming for dinner and bringing three guests of hers.

Like Eliot, in my fantasies, I had a proud bearing and, with a skill that was vaguely continental, I would lead Jessica through an evening of dancing and handsome descriptions of my newest exploits, would guide her gently to the night's climax which, in my dreams, was always represented by our almost suffocating one another to death with deep, moist kisses burning with love.

Among the many severe measures taken by the First Emperor, Shih Huang-ti, in his efforts to insure the continuation of this hard-won national unity, was the burning of the books in 213 B.C., with the expressed intention of removing possible sources for divergent thinking ; ;

I hadn't liked it at first -- it was bitter and burning.

In 2008, psychology professor Benny Shanon published a controversial hypothesis that a brew analogous to Ayahuasca was heavily connected to early Judaism, and that the effects of this brew were responsible for some of the most significant events of Moses ' life, including his vision of the burning bush.

While Zwingli was burning organs in Switzerland – Luther called him a fanatic – the Church of England was burning books of polyphony.

::::::( 6 ) my copy of the May 18 edition of the The San Francisco Chronicle as it was when I first picked it up ( as contrasted with my copy as it was a few days later: in my fireplace, burning )

The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that " The Bronx is burning ": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film.

As the fire was captured on live television, announcer Howard Cosell stated, " There it is, ladies and gentlemen: the Bronx is burning ".

In any case, the formula claimed to have been decrypted ( 7: 5: 5 saltpeter: charcoal: sulfur ) is not useful for firearms use or even firecrackers, burning slowly and producing mostly smoke.

Analysis of mucosal blood flow in the oral cavity in combination with the assessment of autonomous cardiovascular factors appears to be useful in the diagnosis of autonomic nervous system disorders in burning mouth syndrome and in patients with inborn disorders, both of which are associated with gustatory dysfunction.

Certain extracts from Mahonia aquifolium may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis, although side effects include rash and a burning sensation when applied.

* It can refer to the practice of balancing carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels, with renewable energy that creates a similar amount of useful energy, so that the carbon emissions are compensated, or alternatively using only renewable energies that don't produce any carbon dioxide ( also called a post-carbon economy ).

Because of the high water content of shoot tissues, burning of live or dead plants is not a useful method of control or disposal.

As with any fire, burning wood fuel creates numerous by-products, some of which may be useful ( heat and steam ), and others that are undesirable, irritating or dangerous.

An alternative approach is to use pyrolysis to produce several useful biochemical byproducts, and clean burning charcoal, or to burn fuel extremely quickly inside a large thermal mass, such as a masonry heater.

This is particularly useful in grasslands and fynbos, which are adapted to regular burning in the dry season.

They are very useful for turning over burning material, to help in its extinguishment.

The root and bark of Gmelina arborea are claimed to be stomachic, galactagogue laxative and anthelmintic ; improve appetite, useful in hallucination, piles, abdominal pains, burning sensations, fevers, ' tridosha ' and urinary discharge.

The long handle is particularly useful to avoid burning one's hands, and the brim is designed to serve the coffee.

They have also been known to use controlled burning to add nutrients to the earth of the Llanos so it will bear more useful roots and plants for them in the wet season.

This is also useful in radiotelephony, or even when ships are within hailing distance, if there is no common language: a crewman on a burning ship yells " yuliett alfa vour ", and a vessel coming to their aid knows exactly what they need: " material for foam fire extinguishers " ( that is, the foaming agent ).