We talk about national character in the same way that Copernicus talked of the compulsions of celestial bodies to move in circles.

Historian Nicholas Campion has discussed the roots of the notion that celestial and psychological realms are connected, which can be traced to the sixth century BC, and in Ptolemy's case presents a mixture of Aristotelian and Stoic philosophy, resting on the Platonic view that " the soul comes from the heavens " which explains " how human character comes to be determined by the heavens ".

In 1946, celestial communications was proved feasible when the radar developed by the Project Diana team was used to bounce radio signals off the moon.

Thus, circular motion is itself one of the essential characteristics of completely perfect celestial existence.

An astronomer is a scientist who studies celestial bodies such as planets, stars and galaxies.

Amateur astronomy is usually associated with viewing the night sky when most celestial objects and events are visible, but sometimes amateur astronomers also operate during the day for events such as sunspots and solar eclipses.

Among the neo-Platonists and eventually their Christian interpreters, Aphrodite Ourania figures as the celestial Aphrodite, representing the love of body and soul, while Aphrodite Pandemos is associated with mere physical love.

Astrometry is the branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies.

Apart from the fundamental function of providing astronomers with a reference frame to report their observations in, astrometry is also fundamental for fields like celestial mechanics, stellar dynamics and galactic astronomy.

In astronomy, a given point on the celestial sphere ( that is, the apparent position of an astronomical object ) can be identified using any of several astronomical coordinate systems, where the references vary according to the particular system.

These measured positions are then compared with those calculated by the laws of celestial mechanics: an assembly of calculated positions is often referred to as an ephemeris, in which distances are commonly calculated in astronomical units.

Having concluded that everything in the world is composed of air, Anaximenes then used his theory to devise a scheme explaining the origins and nature of the earth as well as of the surrounding celestial bodies.

152-153 .</ ref > The moon and sun are likewise considered to be flat and floating on streams of air, and when the sun sets it does not pass under the earth but is merely obscured by higher parts of the earth as it circles around and becomes more distant ; the motion of the sun and the other celestial bodies around the earth is likened by Anaximenes to the way that a cap may be turned around the head .< ref > Fairbanks, Arthur.

The apparent magnitude ( m ) of a celestial body is a measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on Earth, adjusted to the value it would have in the absence of the atmosphere.

Absolute magnitude ( also known as absolute visual magnitude when measured in the standard V photometric band ) is the measure of a celestial object's intrinsic brightness.

In astronomy, to derive absolute magnitude from the observed apparent magnitude of a celestial object its value is corrected from distance to its observer.

Western astrology is founded on the movements and relative positions of celestial bodies such as the Sun, Moon, planets, which are analyzed by their movement through signs of the zodiac ( spatial divisions of the ecliptic ) and by their aspects ( angles ) relative to one another.

The aberration of light ( also referred to as astronomical aberration or stellar aberration ) is an astronomical phenomenon which produces an apparent motion of celestial objects about their real locations.

In contrast, stellar aberration is independent of the distance of a celestial object from the observer, and depends only on the observer's instantaneous transverse velocity in certain frame of reference, at the moment of observation.

According to the special theory of relativity, the aberration looks as a transform of the celestial sphere due to different frames of reference and is virtually a special case of velocity addition, namely one of the light beam and frames ' relative velocity v. The formula from relativistic aberration can be simplified to

Arcturus (; α Boo, α Boötis, Alpha Boötis ) is the brightest star in the constellation Boötes and in fact the northern celestial hemisphere.

Arcturus is visible from both hemispheres in the sky, as it is located less than 20 degrees north of the celestial equator.

For approximately two to three weeks on either side of November 30, Antares is not visible in the night sky, because it is near conjunction with the Sun ; this period of invisibility is longer in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere, since the star's declination is significantly south of the celestial equator.

Altogether, there are " eight examples of illusion ( the Tibetan sgyu ma translates māyā and also other Sanskrit words for illusion ): magic, a dream, a bubble, a rainbow, lightning, the moon reflected in water, a mirage, and a city of celestial musicians.

A mobile arm carrying a mirror and pivoting on a graduated arc provides a reflected image of the celestial body overlapping the image of the horizon, which is observed directly.

The ten similes which illustrate the illusory nature of all things are: illusion ( sgyu-ma ), mirage ( smig-rgyu ), dream ( rmi-lam ), reflected image ( gzugz-brnyan ), a celestial city ( dzi-za ' i grong-khyer ), echo ( brag-ca ), reflection of the moon in water ( chu-zla ), bubble of water ( chu-bur ), optical illusion ( mig-yor ), and an intangible emanation ( sprul-pa ).

Alcaeus himself seems to underscore the difference between his own ' down-to-earth ' style and Sappho's more ' celestial ' qualities when he describes her almost as a goddess ( as cited above ), and yet it has been argued that both poets were concerned with a balance between the divine and the profane, each emphasising different elements in that balance.

In 10. 30. 12, her origin as a river goddess may explain her invocation as a protective deity in a hymn to the celestial waters.

At the celestial throne Savonarola presents the Holy Mother a crown made by the Florentine people and presses her to reveal their future.

Most often Rhea's symbol is a pair of lions, the ones that pulled her celestial chariot and were seen often, rampant, one on either side of the gateways through the walls to many cities in the ancient world.

The vision of Saint Catherine of Alexandria usually shows the Infant Christ, held by the Virgin, placing a ring ( one of her attributes ) on her finger, following some literary accounts, although in the version in the Golden Legend he appears to be adult, and the marriage takes place among a great crowd of angels and " all the celestial court ", and these may also be shown.

On the famous page 74 originally preceding the New Year pages, her emptying of the water jar replicates the vomiting of water by a celestial dragon.

In the Vedas, Aditi is Devamatri ( mother of the celestial gods ) as from and in her cosmic matrix all the heavenly bodies were born.

He calls to his wife, the Nightingale, and bids her to begin her celestial music.

The lobby had the quality of " celestial radiance " seen in world's-fair and exposition architecture of the period, as the author Mardges Bacon described it in her 1986 monograph " Ernest Flagg " ( Architectural History Foundation, MIT Press ).

Similar accounts of the abduction of the celestial cow or her calf, the killing of Jamadagni by Kartavirya Arjuna, and the revenge of Parashurama resulting in the death of Kartavirya Arjuna, exist in other texts.

The Brahma Vaivarta Purana narrates that the celestial cow – called Kapila here – produces various weapons and an army to aid Jamadagni defeat the king's army, who had come to seize her.

In the Hindu scriptures, every god has his or her own style ( lasya and tandava respectively represent two aspects of dance ) we read about 23 celestial beings called Apsarases who dance to please the gods and express the supreme truths in the magic of movement.

Aya Mikage and her twin brother Aki go to their grandfather's home for their sixteenth birthday unaware that it's actually a test to see if they have enough angel or celestial maiden blood in them.

According to the legend, Ceres will kill the entire Mikage family for revenge upon stealing her hagoromo / celestial robe, thus preventing her returning home to Heaven, so Aya's family attempts to kill her.

Aya tries to control Ceres ' power and hold over her and Aki is eventually completely taken over by the vengeful and hateful spirit and soul of " Mikagi ", the original ancestor of the Mikage family who first stole Ceres ' celestial robe, forcing her to stay on Earth.

Aya promises Ceres to help her find her celestial robe in exchange for not killing her family ( especially Aki ) who hunts her down, since Aya still loves them.