In Berlin he published his views of the chemical laws of nature in German and this was issued in French translation ( Paris, 1813 ) under the title Recherches Sur l'identite Des Forces chimiques et electriques, a work held in very high esteem by the new generation of research chemists.

Even amorphous materials have some short-range order at the atomic length scale due to the nature of chemical bonding.

Because of its high chemical reactivity barium is never found in nature as a free element.

) the structure of polyatomic molecules, that are constituted of more than six atoms ( of several elements ) can be crucial for its chemical nature.

The nature of dark matter is unknown, but it is not composed of atoms of chemical elements because it contains no protons, neutrons, or electrons.

The chemical nature of catalysts is as diverse as catalysis itself, although some generalizations can be made.

Early speculations into the nature of the chemical bond, from as early as the 12th century, supposed that certain types of chemical species were joined by a type of chemical affinity.

The production of chemical substances that do not normally occur in nature has long been tried, such as the synthesis of sulfuric and nitric acids attributed to the controversial alchemist Jābir ibn Hayyān.

A system can be mechanical, electrical, fluid, chemical, financial and even biological, and the mathematical modeling, analysis and controller design uses control theory in one or many of the time, frequency and complex-s domains, depending on the nature of the design problem.

The point of saturation depends on many variables such as ambient temperature and the precise chemical nature of the solvent and solute.

These include transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification which are used to control the chemical and structural nature of proteins.

According to Christopher Lipinski and Andrew Hopkins, " Whether the aim is to discover drugs or to gain knowledge of biological systems, the nature and properties of a chemical tool cannot be considered independently of the system it is to be tested in.

Jean was able, through telepathic therapy with the comatose Jessica Jones, to grant Jessica immunity to the Purple Man's mind control abilities, despite his powers being chemical in nature rather than psychic.

The chemical nature of this etching process provides a good selectivity, which means the etching rate of the target material is considerably higher than the mask material if selected carefully.

The idea of air parcel is used to define the smallest element of the atmosphere, while ignoring the discrete molecular and chemical nature of the atmosphere.

There are significant differences in the survival of archaeological material depending on whether a site is wet or dry, on the nature of the chemical environment, on the presence of biological organisms and on the dynamic forces present.

The chemical methods also enable the generation of altered nucleic acids that are not found in nature, for example peptide nucleic acids.

Three factors determine the severity of a pollutant: its chemical nature, the concentration and the persistence.

Unlike the mechanical philosophy, the chemical philosophy stressed the active powers of matter, which alchemists frequently expressed in terms of vital or active principles — of spirits operating in nature.

Nearly all of Edison's patents were utility patents, which were protected for a 17-year period and included inventions or processes that are electrical, mechanical, or chemical in nature.

Vitamin K < sub > 1 </ sub >, the precursor of most vitamin K in nature, is a steroisomer of phylloquinone, an important chemical in green plants, where it functions as an electron accepter in photosystem I during photosynthesis.

However, the nature of these essential chemical elements remained unknown.

The drug's chemical name is listed, since most states require feed processors to use this name instead of the trade name on the feed tag.

In some instances, the trade name is shown in parentheses following the chemical name.

Even here there is room for some variation, for metal surfaces vary in smoothness, absorptive capacity, and chemical reactivity.

As is well known, detergent actives belong to the chemical class consisting of moderately high molecular weight and highly polar molecules which exhibit the property of forming micelles in solution.

On chemical grounds it seems most likely that iodide is first converted to Af and then to Af as the active iodinating species.

It is therefore necessary to consider the properties of pituitary TSH if the fragmentary chemical information about blood TSH is to be discussed rationally.

The importance of knowing in what chemical forms the hormone may exist is accentuated by the recent observation that there exists an abnormally long-acting TSH in blood drawn from many thyrotoxic patients ( Adams, 1958 ).

Whether this abnormal TSH differs chemically from pituitary TSH, or is, alternatively, normal TSH with its period of effectiveness modified by some other blood constituent, cannot be decided without chemical study of the activity in the blood of these patients and a comparison of the substance responsible for the blood activity with pituitary Aj.

The aim is to collect a very broad range of physical, chemical, morphological, and structural data for crystals on an encyclopedic scale and to seek all possible useful and revealing correlations of properties with internal structure.

The process in which the outcome of any one stage is known only statistically is also of interest, although for chemical reactor design it is not as important as the deterministic process.

It is a popular belief that alchemists made contributions to the " chemical " industries of the day — ore testing and refining, metalworking, production of gunpowder, ink, dyes, paints, cosmetics, leather tanning, ceramics, glass manufacture, preparation of extracts, liquors, and so on ( it seems that the preparation of aqua vitae, the " water of life ", was a fairly popular " experiment " among European alchemists ).

Experiments have been conducted to attempt the synthesis of ununennium ( Uue ), which is likely to be the next member of the group, but they have all met with failure .< ref name =" link "> However, ununennium may not be an alkali metal due to relativistic effects, which are predicted to have a large influence on the chemical properties of superheavy elements.

Each element has a specific set of chemical properties as a consequence of the number of electrons present in the neutral atom, which is Z ( the atomic number ).

The number of electrons in each element's electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior.

Hence it is the atomic number alone that determines the chemical properties of an element ; and it is for this reason that an element can be defined as consisting of any mixture of atoms with a given atomic number.

Argon ( ) is a chemical element with symbol Ar and atomic number 18.

The name " argon " is derived from the Greek word αργον meaning " lazy " or " the inactive one ", a reference to the fact that the element undergoes almost no chemical reactions.

Arsenic ( ) is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33.

Antimony ( or ; ) is a toxic chemical element with symbol Sb and atomic number 51.

Actinium ( ) is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Ac and atomic number 89, which was discovered in 1899.