* AM, a complexity class related to Arthur – Merlin protocol

The term was coined by Fanya Montalvo by analogy with NP-complete and NP-hard in complexity theory, which formally describes the most famous class of difficult problems.

In computational complexity theory, BPP, which stands for bounded-error probabilistic polynomial time is the class of decision problems solvable by a probabilistic Turing machine in polynomial time, with an error probability of at most 1 / 3 for all instances.

In computational complexity theory, BQP ( bounded error quantum polynomial time ) is the class of decision problems solvable by a quantum computer in polynomial time, with an error probability of at most 1 / 3 for all instances.

It is the quantum analogue of the complexity class BPP.

Detailed analysis shows that the complexity class is unchanged by allowing error as high as 1 / 2 − n < sup >− c </ sup > on the one hand, or requiring error as small as 2 < sup >− n < sup > c </ sup ></ sup > on the other hand, where c is any positive constant, and n is the length of input.

Adding postselection to BQP results in the complexity class PostBQP which is equal to PP.

In computational complexity theory, co-NP is a complexity class.

A problem is a member of co-NP if and only if its complement is in the complexity class NP.

* Complexity class, a set of problems of related complexity in computational complexity theory

A famous network of conditional proofs is the NP-complete class of complexity theory.

* IP ( complexity ), a class in computational complexity theory

It is therefore a candidate for the NP-intermediate complexity class.

The complexity class P is contained in NP, but NP contains many important problems, the hardest of which are called NP-complete problems, for which no polynomial-time algorithms are known for solving them ( although they can be verified in polynomial time ).

The complexity class NP can be defined in terms of NTIME as follows:

In complexity theory, the class NC ( for " Nick's Class ") is the set of decision problems decidable in polylogarithmic time on a parallel computer with a polynomial number of processors.

The problem can be of any complexity class.

The complexity class of decision problems solvable by an algorithm in class A with an oracle for a language L is called A < sup > L </ sup >.

The notation A < sup > B </ sup > can be extended to a set of languages B ( or a complexity class B ), by using the following definition:

BQP is contained in the complexity class # P ( or more precisely in the associated class of decision problems P < sup ># P </ sup >), which is a subclass of PSPACE.

* NC ( complexity ) Nick's Class, the set of decision problems decidable in polylogarithmic time on a parallel computer with a polynomial number of processors

One major open question in complexity theory is whether or not every containment in the NC hierarchy is proper.

* NC a complexity class named after Nick Pippenger

# REDIRECT NC ( complexity )

In circuit complexity, NL can be placed within the NC hierarchy.

If NC is a complexity class associated with non-deterministic machines then # C =

In algorithmic information theory ( a subfield of computer science ), the Kolmogorov complexity of an object, such as a piece of text, is a measure of the computational resources needed to specify the object.

Kolmogorov complexity is also known as " descriptive complexity " ( not to be confused with descriptive complexity theory ), Kolmogorov – Chaitin complexity, algorithmic entropy, or program-size complexity.

If a description of s, d ( s ), is of minimal length ( i. e. it uses the fewest number of characters ), it is called a minimal description of s. Thus, the length of d ( s ) ( i. e. the number of characters in the description ) is the Kolmogorov complexity of s, written K ( s ).

The program tries every string, starting with the shortest, until it finds a string with complexity at least n ( if there is one ), then returns that string ( or goes into an infinite loop if there is no such string ).

Barriers to successful communication include message overload ( when a person receives too many messages at the same time ), and message complexity.

Some fields, such as computational complexity theory ( which explores the fundamental properties of computational problems ), are highly abstract, whilst fields such as computer graphics emphasise real-world applications.

Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication ( used in communication complexity ), the number of gates in a circuit ( used in circuit complexity ) and the number of processors ( used in parallel computing ).

While Bannister was well known in the artistic community of his adopted home of Providence, Rhode Island and admired within the wider East Coast art world ( he won a bronze medal for his large oil " Under the Oaks " at the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial ), he was largely forgotten for almost a century for a complexity of reasons, principally connected with racial prejudice.

One point agreed on is that fractal patterns are characterized by fractal dimensions, but whereas these numbers quantify complexity ( i. e., changing detail with changing scale ), they neither uniquely describe nor specify details of how to construct particular fractal patterns.

More precisely, all known FFT algorithms require Θ ( N log N ) operations ( technically, O only denotes an upper bound ), although there is no known proof that better complexity is impossible.

Schmidt is generally, if erroneously, regarded as a conservative composer ( such labels rest upon yet-to-be-resolved aesthetic / stylistic arguments ), but the rhythmic subtlety and harmonic complexity of much of his music belie this.

) from different manufacturers are usually all interchangeable, shotshells typically are loaded for particular brands of shotshell cases ( called hulls ) only with one specific brand of wad, shot cup ( if used ), primer, and powder, further increasing the complexity and difficulty of reloading shotshells.

However, each of these variables has its own stack on which it can be pushed and popped ( STASHed and RETRIEVEd, in INTERCAL terminology ), increasing the possible complexity of data structures.

* Adaptive ( i. e., efficient ) for data sets that are already substantially sorted: the time complexity is O ( n + d ), where d is the number of inversions

The restricted vision, the difficulty in handling of the instruments ( new hand-eye coordination skills are needed ), the lack of tactile perception and the limited working area are factors which add to the technical complexity of this surgical approach.

Particularly important was the Italian composer Albert de Rippe ( 1500 – 1551 ), who worked in France and composed polyphonic fantasias of considerable complexity.