In particular, files of random data cannot be consistently compressed by any conceivable lossless data compression algorithm: indeed, this result is used to define the concept of randomness in algorithmic complexity theory.

Hoare's most significant work has been in the following areas: his sorting algorithm ( Quicksort ), Hoare logic, the formal language Communicating Sequential Processes ( CSP ) used to specify the interactions between concurrent processes, structuring computer operating systems using the monitor concept, and the axiomatic specification of programming languages.

Although physical modelling was not a new concept in acoustics and synthesis, having been implemented using finite difference approximations of the wave equation by Hiller and Ruiz in 1971, it was not until the development of the Karplus-Strong algorithm, the subsequent refinement and generalization of the algorithm into the extremely efficient digital waveguide synthesis by Julius O. Smith III and others, and the increase in DSP power in the late 1980s that commercial implementations became feasible.

Compare this to heuristic, a similar concept used in mathematical discourse, psychology, and computer science, particularly in algorithm design.

However, in the generic programming approach, each data structure returns a model of an iterator concept ( a simple value type which can be dereferenced to retrieve the current value, or changed to point to another value in the sequence ) and each algorithm is instead written generically with arguments of such iterators, e. g. a pair of iterators pointing to the beginning and end of the subsequence to process.

It is based on an original shortest path algorithm and core concept by Thomas Colcombet and programmed by Christian Mauduit.

" Subsequently, John Daugman, PhD ( Harvard Computer Science faculty ) was then salaried by both ophthalmologists to write the algorithm for their concept based upon an extensive series of high resolution iris photos supplied to him by Dr. Flom from his volunteer private patients.

Several years later, Daugman received a method patent for the algorithm and a crudely constructed prototype proved the concept.

The fundamental concept of algorithmic learning theory is learning in the limit: as the number of data points increases, a learning algorithm should converge to a correct hypothesis on every possible data sequence consistent with the problem space.

One concrete instance of such an algorithm is the scrypt function, based on the concept of sequential memory-hard functions, which is used for additional securing private keys by passphrase in the tarsnap backup system.

The existence of this algorithm leads to the concept of strong primes, being primes for which p − 1 has at least one large prime factor.

Although the magazine had previously discussed the concept of superrationality from which the above-mentioned algorithm can be deduced, many of the contestants submitted entries consisting of an astronomically large number ( including several who entered a googolplex ).

* Sweep line algorithm, a concept in computational geometry

* Divide-and-conquer eigenvalue algorithm, a concept in the linear algebra branch of mathematics

Along with the Shapley value, stochastic games, the Bondareva-Shapley theorem ( which implies that convex games have non-empty cores ), the Shapley – Shubik power index ( for weighted-or block voting power ), the Gale – Shapley algorithm ( for the stable marriage problem ), the concept of a potential game ( with Dov Monderer ), the Aumann – Shapley pricing, the Harsanyi – Shapley solution, and the Shapley – Folkman lemma & theorem bear his name.

The algorithm is based on the concept of a layered triangulation.

Application of this particular exception has always been preceded by a ruling based on some clearer concept of Title 35 or, more commonly, application of the abstract idea exception based on finding a mathematical algorithm.

The R *- tree attempts to reduce both, using a combination of a revised node split algorithm and the concept of forced reinsertion

The concept of micropolygons was developed within the Reyes algorithm, in which geometric primitives are tessellated at render time into a rectangular grid of tiny, four-sided polygons.

* specifying a series of logical operators ( an inferential system or algorithm ) which captures all or most cases to which the concept applies.

In concept, the algorithm is recursive, reducing the graph to a smaller graph with one less vertex, five-coloring that graph, and then using that coloring to determine a coloring for the larger graph in constant time.

The concept of ASMs is due to Yuri Gurevich, who first proposed it in the mid-1980s as a way of improving on Turing's thesis that every algorithm is simulated by an appropriate Turing machine.

A concept of responsibility is in process of articulation and establishment.

National responsibility for individual welfare is a concept not limited to the United States or even to the Western nations.

Recognizing that the Rule of Law is `` a dynamic concept which should be employed not only to safeguard the civil and political rights of the individual in a free society '', the Congress asserted that it also included the responsibility `` to establish social, economic, educational and cultural conditions under which his legitimate aspirations and dignity may be realized ''.

Whether a concept analogous to the principle of internal responsibility operates in a nation's external relations is less obvious and more difficult to establish.

) The concept of nationalism is the political principle that epitomizes and glorifies the territorial state as the characteristic type of socal structure.

Historically, however, the concept is one that has been of marked benefit to the people of the Western civilizational group.

But it is more than irony: one of the main reasons why nationalism is no longer a tenable concept is because it has spread throughout the planet.

It is interesting, however, that despite this strong upsurge in Southern writing, almost none of the writers has forsaken the firmly entrenched concept of the white-suited big-daddy colonel sipping a mint julep as he silently recounts the revenue from the season's cotton and tobacco crops ; ;

A broader concept of imitation is needed, one which acknowledges that true invention is important, that the artist's creativity in part transcends the non-artistic causal factors out of which it arises.

Who will deny that in a vast portion of the South the Federal action is incompatible with the Jeffersonian concept of `` the consent of the governed ''??

For it is their catastrophic concept of the Anglo-Saxon invasions rather than Kemble's gradualist approach which dominates the field.

But beginning, for all practical purposes, with Frederick Seebohm's English Village Community scholars have had to reckon with a theory involving institutional and agrarian continuity between Roman and Anglo-Saxon times which is completely at odds with the reigning concept of the Anglo-Saxon invasions.

It is ironic that Washington is having to struggle so for a concept that for six years it bypassed as unreasonable.

The concept of labor as a special class is outmoded, and in the task confronting America as bastion of the free world, labor must learn to put the national interest first if it is itself to survive.

The most fundamental concept of the new approach to economic aid is the focusing of our attention, our resources, and our energies on the effort to promote the economic and social development of the less developed countries.

While it is easy enough to ridicule Hawkins' pronouncement in Pleas Of The Crown from a metaphysical point of view, the concept of the `` oneness '' of a married couple may reflect an abiding belief that the communion between husband and wife is such that their actions are not always to be regarded by the criminal law as if there were no marriage.

That we had the wit and wisdom to adopt Mr. Lowell's concept and make it the base for our processes of selection is one reason why our selections have been, it may be said truly, pretty uniformly good.

It is this sort of experience that makes the concept of high fidelity of real musical significance for the home music listener.

The concept of trans-illumination ( as shown by the photo on p. 92 ), as just one example, offers an entirely new approach to lighting problems -- no matter what industry is involved.