The constitution's bill of rights provides for due process including the right to a fair, public trial within a reasonable time of being charged and the right to appeal to a higher court.

These included the constitution's most distinctive features: the symbolic role of the Emperor, the prominence of guarantees of civil and human rights, and the renunciation of war.

Supporters lauded the constitution's guarantees of " fundamental rights ":

In 1975, the West German Supreme Court struck down a law legalizing abortion, holding that they contradict the constitution's human rights guarantees.

The constitution's entrenched clauses protected voting rights, including those of some Coloureds, but they lost their votes after the Government packed the Senate and Supreme Court with its sympathisers in what is known as the Coloured vote constitutional crisis.

The constitution's civil rights are based on the Constitution of the United States of 1787, especially the Bill of Rights.

This Article is similar to the constitution's enumeration of rights.

Schmidt used all means at his disposal to alleviate the situation, even when that meant overstepping his legal authority, including federal police and army units ( ignoring the German constitution's prohibition on using the army for " internal affairs "; a clause excluding disasters was not added until 1968 ).

Although relatively few of these provisions are exceptional, some of the constitution's features are noteworthy ; including its ideological content, its provision for the role of the military, and its dual presidential-parliamentary system.

In addition to the principle of the Norwegian people's right to self-determination, the constitution's key precepts included the assurance of individual freedom, the right to property, and equality.

The constitution's replacement, the Treaty of Lisbon, was also voted down by the Irish before they reversed their decision in 2009.

Sevier defeated Roane for re-election two years later, and wound up serving three more terms before again reaching the state constitution's term limits.

Other current Commonwealth citizens who fulfill certain requirements such as having ordinary and lawful residence for seven years ( which must have been completed before 30 Nov 1966, per the constitution's Chapter II, section 3. 2.

Because law 555 of 1912 underwent revision to meet the republican constitution's requirement that the sexes be equal before the law, a determination of citizenship for a child involves an analysis of the events of both parents and possibly the ascendants of both.

The decision determined that the first clause of article 1 of this law was in clear contrast with the constitution's articles 3 ( first paragraph-equality before the law without regard to sex, etc.

This provision, in concert with opinion number 105 of 15 April 1983, has provided that children of an Italian citizen mother and an alien father born before 1 January 1948 ( date of the republican constitution's entry into force ) remain subject to the old law 555 of 13 June 1912, despite the Constitutional Court's pronouncement of unconstitutionality in decision 30 of 1983.

As a result, the Committee was effectively dissolved and replaced by an ad hoc body ( referred to as the " Leadership Council "), which was composed of approximately 6 members and which continued to negotiate the constitution's final terms until three days before the referendum date.

The constitution's 187 articles specify specific policies such as sharia law, a " unitary ruling system " headed by a caliph elected by Muslims, an economy based on the gold standard, public ownership of utilities, public transport, and energy resources, and Arabic as the " sole language of the State.

Although the decision by Justice William Cushing was firmly based in the language of the state constitution's reference that " all men are born free and equal ", Lincoln in his arguments instead appealed to natural law and God's law.

Hart, who refers to the theory as a ` needless duplication ' of the ` living reality ' of the courts and officials actually identifying the law in accordance with the constitution's rules.

The constitution's Article 81 designates it " the court of last resort with power to determine the constitutionality of any law, order, regulation, or official act.

The opinion number 105 of 15 April 1983 ; given by the State Council, Section V, in a consultative session ; determined that by effect of Decision 30 of 1983 by the Constitutional Court, the individuals born to an Italian citizen mother only as far back as 1 January 1948 could be considered Italian citizens, on the premise that the effectiveness of the decision could not retroact further than the moment when the contradiction between the old law and the new constitution emerged, which was 1 January 1948, the date of the constitution's entry into effect.

It is clear that the city of Nauvoo's actions against the Expositor violated the Illinois constitution's freedom-of-press provision.

The taxpayer contended that reimbursement given for children attending private religious schools violated the constitutional prohibition against state support of religion, and the taking of taxpayers ' money to do so violated the constitution's Due Process Clause.

He was a member of the Essex County convention of 1778 — called to protest against the proposed state constitution — and as a member of the " Essex Junto " was probably the author of The Essex Result, which helped to secure the constitution's rejection at the polls.

The constitution's acceptance, and the possible long-term consequences it may have had, is arguably the reason for which the powers of Austria-Hungary, Russia and Prussia then decided to partition the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ; thus putting an end to over 300 years of Polish parliamentary continuity.

This very wide conception of " amendment " eased the rise of Adolf Hitler to power ; it was thus explicitly denied in the new postwar constitution, which allows amendments only by explicitly changing the constitution's text.

Most of the amendments are due to the document's highly restrictive nature – the Texas Constitution states that the State of Texas has only those powers explicitly granted to it ; there is no state equivalent of the federal constitution's Necessary and Proper Clause contained within.

Though partaking of the existing principle of unconstitutionality, according to which the pronouncement of unconstitutionality of the pre-constitutional rules produces effects only upon the relations and situations not yet concluded as of the date 1 January 1948, not being capable of retroacting earlier than the constitution's entry into force ; the Court affirms that the right of citizenship, since it is a permanent and inviolable status except where it is renounced on the part of the petitioner, is justifiable at any time ( even in the case of the prior death of the ascendant or parent of whomever derives the recognition ) because of the enduring nature, even after the entry into force of the constitution, of an illegitimate privation due to the discriminatory rules pronounced unconstitutional.

The Chancery Court held that the statute violated the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which protects citizens from state interference with freedom of speech and thought as contained in the constitution's First Amendment.

* Michigan Supreme Court struck down the state's teacher certificate requirement as an unconstitutional abridgment of the constitution's free speech clause.

The constitution's provisions on religion drew international controversy in 2006, when Afghan-born Abdul Rahman, a convert from Islam to Christianity outside Afghanistan, was threatened with the death penalty for apostasy.

One of the constitution's more interesting aspects was the inclusion of the Jewish tribes in the Ummah because although the Jewish tribes were " one community with the believers ," they also " have their religion and the Muslims have theirs.

Generally, every modern written constitution confers specific powers to an organization or institutional entity, established upon the primary condition that it abides by the said constitution's limitations.

The constitution's preamble also boasted that the foundations of religious belief in Albania had been abolished.

Despite the constitution's provisions for democracy, in practice, until 2011, Kim Jong-il exercised absolute control over the government and the country.

A major protagonist for the Constitution of the United States, and the single greatest contributor to the Federalist Papers, advocating for the constitution's ratification through detailed examinations of its construction, philosophical and moral basis, and intent.

The 1910 mid-term elections gave the Democrats control of the Indiana Senate, increasing the constitution's chances of being adopted.

The parliamentary election, the first held under the new constitution's guarantee of universal suffrage to all citizens 18 years of age or older, excluded all parties except the PDPU and the pro-government Progress of the Fatherland Party, despite earlier promises that all parties would be free to participate.

The Vermont Republic's constitution's Declaration of Rights of the Inhabitants of the State of Vermont anticipates the United States Bill of Rights by a dozen years.

While he did not challenge the Party constitution's stated dedication to nationalisation head-on, he took little action to pursue it.

In all three occurrences it is doubtful whether the motives for that dissolution were in accordance with the constitution's intentions.

Some commentators have suggested that the difficulty of the amendment process was favoured by the constitution's American authors from a desire that the fundamentals of the regime they had imposed would be resistant to change.

The constitutional framework of the politics of Austria and the marrow of the constitution's practical implementation are widely agreed to be robust and adequately conducive to peaceful change.

The dates of this constitution's operation are unknown: the League was formed in approximately 1000 – 1450, but the constitution was oral until written in about 1880.

The constitution's close modelling of its institutional system on the Westminster system of government, specifically with the inclusion of a parliament from whom a ministry was both chosen and to whom it was answerable, has been noted by Irish political scientists and historians, notably Professor Brian Farrell, who suggested that the leaders of the new state stuck to a system that, through Irish participation in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the new Irish political elite had close experience of, and identification with, notwithstanding their radical republican rhetoric.

* August 22: The constitution's draft is presented to the Iraqi Parliament.

The first time this came into use was five years after the constitution's adoption in 1785, when Governor John Hancock resigned the post, leaving Lieutenant Governor Thomas Cushing as acting Governor.

It is also alleged that he changed his official birth date from 1951 to 1950 in order to meet the new constitution's requirement that the president be at least 35 years old.

Moore had been ordered to remove the controversial monument by U. S. District Judge Myron Thompson, who in a judgment in 2002 said the monument " violates the constitution's ban on government promotion of a religious doctrine ".