Many of these were part of the corruption indulged in by Scott and the Pennsylvania's president, J. Edgar Thomson, which consisted of inside trading in companies that the railroad did business with, or payoffs made by contracting parties " as part of a quid pro quo ", as biographer David Nasaw writes.

Classic Islamic law details the manner of contracting, the types of transactions, the assignment of liability and reward, and the responsibilities of the parties in Islamic trade.

A treaty typically begins with a preamble describing the contracting parties and their joint objectives in executing the treaty, as well as summarizing any underlying events ( such as a war ).

The contracting parties ' full names or sovereign titles are often included in the preamble, along with the full names and titles of their representatives, and a boilerplate clause about how their representatives have communicated ( or exchanged ) their full powers ( i. e., the official documents appointing them to act on behalf of their respective states ) and found them in good or proper form.

Agreements cited by the Afghan government as proof of their claim over the Pashtun tribes include Article 11 of the Anglo – Afghan Treaty of 1921, which states: " The two contracting parties, being mutually satisfied themselves each regarding the goodwill of the other and especially regarding their benevolent intentions towards the tribes residing close to their respective boundaries, hereby undertake to inform each other of any future military operations which may appear necessary for the maintenance of order among the frontier tribes residing within their respective spheres before the commencement of such operations.

matr., c. i ) made the provisions more precise: before the celebration of any marriage, the names of the contracting parties should be announced publicly in the church during Mass, by the parish priests of both parties on three consecutive Holy Days.

There are 127 contracting parties to the Treaty ( 126 countries and the European Union ) as of 24 October 2010.

# Ratification of the treaty was to occur within six months from the signing by the contracting parties.

In contracts, it is the consent of the contracting parties which produces the obligation ; in quasi-contracts no consent is required, and the obligation arises from the law or natural equity, on the facts of the case.

On a more detailed level, Holmes amplified his earlier criticisms of subjective theories of contractual duties ( which grounded obligation in a “ meeting of the minds ” of putatively contracting parties ), offering instead an objective theory ( which acknowledged that judges do and should give meaning to the language employed by the parties “ because of some belief as to the practice of the community or of a class, or because of some opinion as to policy ”).

Under the will theory, the basis for enforcing a contract was “ a meeting of minds ” or a convergence of wills between contracting parties.

This exemption allowed contracting parties to the GATT ( the equivalent of today's WTO members ) to establish systems of trade preferences for other countries, with the caveat that these systems had to be " generalized, non-discriminatory and non-reciprocal ' with respect to the countries they benefited ( so-called " beneficiary " countries ).

* Belligerent – one of a contracting parties in a conflict.

Freedom of contract is the right to choose one's contracting parties and to trade with them on any terms and conditions one sees fit.

During the voyage, a dispute between the various contracting parties arose over payments due, and Third Ocean claimed that $ 288, 000 remained outstanding from Andromeda.

The contracting states, the states which are parties to the PCT, constitute the International Patent Cooperation Union.

Any matters of dispute which may arise between the contracting parties hall be referred to the British Government for arbitration.

The term " secondary action " is intended to be distinct from a trade dispute with a worker's direct employer, and so may be used to refer to a dispute with the employer's parent company, its suppliers, financiers, contracting parties, or any other employer in another industry.

Aside from the settlement of the dispute growing out of the so-called Alabama Claims, provision was made for the adjustment of the differences with regard to the northeastern fisheries by the appointment of a mixed commission to meet at Halifax and pass upon the relative value of certain reciprocal privileges granted each of the contracting parties.

" The so-called rules of Washington agreed upon by the contracting parties for the guidance of the tribunal in the interpretation of certain terms used in the treaty, and of certain principles of international law governing the obligations of neutrals, are:

However, the doctrine has proven problematic due to its implications upon contracts made for the benefit of third parties who are unable to enforce the obligations of the contracting parties.

Abbreviators are those who make an abridgment or abstract of a long writing or discourse by contracting the parts, i. e. the words and sentences ; an abbreviated form of writing common among the Romans.

Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time.

Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time.

Women who are against polygynous marriages argued that polygyny places individuals at risk for contracting various sexually transmitted diseases including AIDS.

The storm is contracting into a rope-like tube and, like the ice skater who pulls her arms in to spin faster, winds can increase at this point.

As well as having over 9, 500 employees, Benetton has developed a network of small suppliers who do contracting in the Northern Italian region around Treviso.

In February 2012, after contracting a respiratory illness, David was replaced by Glass Hammer vocalist Jon Davison who, like David, was discovered while fronting a Yes cover band.

For example, individuals who are vaccinated reduce the risk of contracting the relevant disease for all others around them, and at high levels of vaccination, society may receive large health and welfare benefits ; but any one individual can refuse vaccination, still avoiding the disease by " free riding " on the costs borne by others.

Those who have experienced a needle stick injury from someone who was HCV positive have about a 1. 8 % chance of subsequently contracting the disease themselves.

Of the 11, 654 who were discharged from the army after being wounded, maimed, or contracting serious diseases, 10, 751 men, were left disabled.

Notable episodes this season include " A Depraved Heart " about the daughter of a friend of Bubba ’ s contracting AIDS from someone who knowingly gave it to her, and " Singin ' The Blues " involving Luanne, which includes her singing at a blues club and helping take care of an abandoned baby — with whom she comes to love as her own.

While the company records have been lost, the personal records of David S. Smaltz ( 1861 – 1935 ), a carpenter who worked for the contracting business are impressive.

The studio was formed originally as Universal Studio Cartoons on the initiative of Universal movie mogul Carl Laemmle, who was tired of the continuous company politics he was dealing with concerning contracting cartoons to outside animation studios.

He is buried at Bridge Street Cemetery in Northampton, next to Jerusha, who died in February 1748 as a result of contracting tuberculosis from nursing Brainerd.

Messner, who had a contracting business, Messner Enterprises, in the Andover, Kansas, suburb of Wichita, Kansas, had built much of Heritage USA as well as numerous other large churches and had been a family friend to the Bakkers throughout the PTL years.

Unlike many small towns and villages in Ontario who have disbanded their municipal police forces in favour of contracting with the Ontario Provincial Police, the Gananoque Police Service continues to grow.

Currently, the vaccine is only administered to health care workers or research personnel who have a high risk of contracting the variola virus, and to the military personnel of the United States of America.

Other alternatives include seeking to restart the growth of private debt (" reflate the bubble "), or slow or stop its fall ; and debt relief, which by lowering or eliminating debt stops credit from contracting ( as it cannot fall below zero ) and allows debt to either stabilize or grow – this has the further effect of redistributing wealth from creditors ( who write off debts ) to debtors ( whose debts are relieved ).

The Catholic Church therefore did all in its power to hinder baptised Catholics from contracting marriage with those outside the church, and who did not recognize the sacramental character of the union on which they were entering.

One way that some international authors are beginning to overcome this problem is by contracting with freelance medical copy editors who are native speakers of English and specialize in ESL ( English as a second language ) editing to polish their manuscripts ' English to a level that high-impact journals will accept.

While the statute seemingly excluded from these record-keeping requirements anyone who is involved in activity that " does not involve hiring, contracting for, managing, or otherwise arranging for, the participation of the performers depicted ," the Department of Justice ( DOJ ) defined an entirely new class of producers known as " secondary producers.

1998 ), the Tenth Circuit rejected the regulation's distinction between primary and secondary producers and entirely exempted from the record-keeping requirements those who merely distribute or those whose activity " does not involve hiring, contracting for, managing, or otherwise arranging for the participation of the performers depicted.