The remote patient monitoring product and service used cost $ 800 per patient, compared to $ 15, 000 as the average cost of a cycle of in-vitro fertilization ( IVF ), and showed ( for suitably selected patients ) the same pregnancy rate.

Women who go through in vitro fertilization may be willing to donate unused eggs to such a program, where the egg recipients together help paying the cost of the In Vitro Fertilisation ( IVF ) procedure.

The agencies of government are now billed for the actual cost of services provided to each passenger car rather than the prior uniform charge for all cars.

If this analysis is correct, the suburban branches will turn out to be what management's cost accountants refuse to acknowledge, marginal operations rather than major factors.

They argue that some, if not all, of the cost difference between public and private schools comes from a process known as cream skimming — selecting only those students that belong to a preferred economic, religious, or ethnic group — rather than from differences in administration.

In addition to the obvious step of using a minimum charge, rather than a full power one, significant cost savings may be obtained through careful powder choice.

RF / V ( radio frequency + vacuum ) kilns use microwave radiation to heat the kiln charge, and typically have the highest operating cost due to the heat of vaporization being provided by electricity rather than local fossil fuel or waste wood sources.

In order to keep the cost of software down, it was decided that the software media would be 3. 5 ” floppy discs rather than ROM cartridges used universally by consoles up to that time.

Due to the relative high cost of the equipment required, however, it has not become commonplace in most traditional practices today but rather limited to specialty-type practices.

A common example is a farmer that chooses to farm their land rather than rent it to neighbors, wherein the opportunity cost is the forgone profit from renting.

Similarly, the opportunity cost of attending university is the lost wages a student could have earned in the workforce, rather than the cost of tuition, books, and other requisite items ( whose sum makes up the total cost of attendance ).

Note that opportunity cost is not the sum of the available alternatives, but rather the benefit of the single, best alternative.

Microprogramming also reduced the cost of field changes to correct defects ( bugs ) in the processor ; a bug could often be fixed by replacing a portion of the microprogram rather than by changes being made to hardware logic and wiring.

In the socialist economy, the value of a good or service is based on its use value, rather than its cost of production or its exchange value.

Thus, the cost is minimized over a sample of the data rather than the entire data set.

Organic solar cells could cut the cost of solar power by making use of inexpensive organic polymers rather than the expensive crystalline silicon used in most solar cells.

So, rather than accept a guaranteed conviction, the case went to trial, at a cost of over $ 1 million, and high emotional cost to the van Dam family.

NASA chose to build Endeavour from spares rather than refitting Enterprise or accepting a Rockwell International proposal to build two shuttles for the price of one of the original shuttles, on cost grounds.

Although ATM initially cost money, rather than coming free with the operating system, it became a de facto standard for anyone involved in desktop publishing.

For instance, if limited onboard power fed to its engine was the dominant limitation on how much payload a hypothetical spacecraft could shuttle ( such as if intrinsic propellant economic cost was minor from usage of extraterrestrial soil or ice ), ideal exhaust velocity would rather be around 62. 75 % of total mission delta v if operating at constant specific impulse, except greater optimization could come from varying exhaust velocity during the mission profile ( as possible with some thruster types, including mass drivers and variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rockets ).

However, anthropologist Beverly Strassmann has proposed that the energy savings of not having to continuously maintain the uterine lining more than offsets energy cost of having to rebuild the lining in the next fertility cycle, even in species such as humans where much of the lining is lost through bleeding ( overt menstruation ) rather than reabsorbed ( covert menstruation ).

Examples of reasons for designating a performance characteristic as a DO rather than as a standard are ( a ) it may be bordering on an advancement in the state of the art, ( b ) the requirement may not have been fully confirmed by measurement or experience with operating circuits, and ( c ) it may not have been demonstrated that the requirement can be met considering other constraints, such as cost and size.

Matters of dispute by the participants and writers and historians since the war have included the wisdom of pursuing an offensive strategy in the wake of the failed Nivelle Offensive, rather than waiting for the arrrival of the American armies in France, the choice to attack in Flanders over areas further south or the Italian front, the climate and weather in Flanders, Haig's selection of General Hubert Gough and the Fifth Army to conduct the offensive, debates over the nature of the opening attack between advocates of shallow and deeper objectives, the passage of time between the Battle of Messines and the opening attack of the Battles of Ypres, the extent to which the internal troubles of the French armies motivated British persistence in the offensive, the effect of mud on operations and the decision to continue the offensive in October, once the weather had broken and the human cost of the campaign on the soldiers of the German and British armies.

However, due to the cost of maintaining a circulation of low value coins, by business and the mints, Finland and the Netherlands round prices to the nearest five cents ( Swedish rounding ) if paying with cash, while producing only a handful of those coins for collectors, rather than general circulation.

The discount rate used is generally the appropriate Weighted average cost of capital ( WACC ), that reflects the risk of the cashflows.

* i is the interest rate, which reflects the cost of tying up capital and may also allow for the risk that the payment may not be received in full ;

Both methods have long been promoted on the basis of lowest cost, though neither of these measurements directly, or reliably, reflects HDL particle functionality to remove cholesterol from atherosclerotic plaque and can therefore be misleading, especially on an individual patient-by-patient basis Labs use the routine dextran sulfate-Mg < sup > 2 +</ sup > precipitation method with ultracentrifugation / dextran sulfate-Mg < sup > 2 +</ sup > precipitation as reference method.

These may be quite expensive, sometimes much more than the cost for a print subscription, although this reflects the number of people who will be using the license ; a print subscription is the cost for one person to receive the journal, whereas a site-license can let thousands of people access it.

It reflects opportunity cost of investment, rather than the possibly lower cost of capital.

For example, the manufacturing cost of a car ( i. e., the costs of buying inputs, land tax rates for the car plant, overhead costs of running the plant and labor costs ) reflects the private cost for the manufacturer ( in some ways, normal profit can also be seen as a cost of production ; see, e. g., Ison and Wall, 2007, p. 181 ).

The latter rule reflects the Islamic norm that the borrower must not bear all the cost of a failure, as " it is God who determines that failure, and intends that it fall on all those involved.

The level of interest rates reflects the opportunity cost of capital.

The regular fee reflects the marginal cost of transferring electricity through the existing network of wires.

The relationship between the spot and forward price of an asset reflects the net cost of holding ( or carrying ) that asset relative to holding the forward.

The total cost reflects the total amount of both fixed and variable expenses to produce and distribute a product.

The adjustment in the current account reflects the consumption cost associated to the bust as well as the reallocation of resources that takes places after the bust.

Whereas the prices of newly-produced manufactured products depends mostly on the cost of production ( the cost of inputs used to produce them, which in turn reflects the scarcity of the inputs ), the prices of many goods — such as antiques, rare stamps, and those raw materials in high demand — reflects the scarcity of the products themselves.

This case reflects a situation where resources are not specialised and can be substituted for each other with no added cost.

The central idea is to evolve an initial curve towards the lowest potential of a cost function, where its definition reflects the task to be addressed.

A variable-rate mortgage, adjustable-rate mortgage ( ARM ), or tracker mortgage is a mortgage loan with the interest rate on the note periodically adjusted based on an index which reflects the cost to the lender of borrowing on the credit markets.

However, the rebuild cost is often lower than the market value of the property, as the market value often reflects the property as a going-concern, as opposed to just the value of the bricks and mortar.