Furthermore, Roger Garrison argues that a false boom caused by artificially low interest rates would cause a boom in consumption goods as well as investment goods ( with a decrease in " middle goods "), thus explaining the jump in unemployment at the end of a boom.

It was marked by a decrease in energy consumption, energy being mostly produced by coal in the 1910s, 1920s, 1930s and 1940s.

The 1973 international oil crisis caused Switzerland's energy consumption to decrease from 1973 to 1977.

From 1977 onwards GDP grew, however Switzerland was also affected by the 1979 energy crisis which resulted in a short term decrease of Switzerland's energy consumption.

In the 1980s, Switzerland was affected by the hike in oil prices which resulted in a decrease of energy consumption until 1982 when the economy contracted by 1. 3 %.

Similarly, a marginal subsidy on consumption will shift the demand curve to the right ; when other things remain equal, this will decrease the price paid by consumers and increase the price received by producers by the same amount as if the subsidy had been granted to producers.

The consumption of coffee, vitamin C and dairy products, as well as physical fitness, appear to decrease the risk.

Patients should decrease fluid intake before bedtime, moderate the consumption of alcohol and caffeine-containing products, and follow timed voiding schedules.

Hyperglycemia may be present, as glucose consumption by cells and insulin secretion both decrease, and tissue sensitivity to insulin may be blunted.

This reduces maximum speed, and increases fuel consumption. A British Hawker Hurricane from World War II with cantilever wings Hugo Junkers endeavored to eliminate virtually all major external bracing members, only a dozen years after the Wright Brothers ' initial flights, to decrease airframe drag in flight, with the result being the Junkers J 1 pioneering all-metal monoplane of late 1915, designed from the start with all-metal cantilever wing panels.

The Jevons Paradox is the proposition that technological progress that increases the efficiency with which a resource is used, tends to increase ( rather than decrease ) the rate of consumption of that resource.

Furthermore, an ecotax policy package can include revenue recycling to reduce or eliminate any regressivity ; an increase in an ecotax could be more than offset by a decrease in a ( regressive ) payroll or consumption tax.

( Morozov's subsequent parallel development of the T-80UD replaced the gas turbine with a commercial turbo-diesel, to decrease fuel consumption and maintenance.

For microprocessors, the purpose is generally to decrease the need for heat dissipation devices or decrease the electrical power consumption.

Because their speed over the ground is greater, this decrease in efficiency is less than proportional to speed until well above Mach 2, and the consumption per mile is lower.

A rule of thumb in hypothermic storage is that every 10 ° C reduction in temperature is accompanied by a 50 % decrease in oxygen consumption.

Usually the brought-in oxygen is more than the oxygen consumed in burning glucose ( it is not yet settled whether most glucose consumption is oxidative ), and this causes a net decrease in dHb in that brain area's blood vessels.

The research also found that consumers ` preferences are not impacted by factors such as price and incomes as much due to the forming of personal habits, but consumers would decrease consumption of particular food products when they perceived food safety problems ( Chen & Wohlgenant, 2006 ).

Consumers, who are facing a choice between consumption and saving, respond to the difference between the market interest rate and their own subjective rate of time preference (" impatience ") and increase or decrease their current consumption according to this difference.

Hypoxia, a state of reduced oxygen, may hinder embryonic and fetal development as well as decrease oxygen consumption in adults.

With dynamic voltage scaling and dynamic frequency scaling, the CPU core voltage, clock rate, or both, can be altered to decrease power consumption at the price of potentially lower performance.

From an estimated mass of 25 g for a zero-magnitude meteorite, the other masses are derived with the assumption of a mass decrease by a factor of 2.512 for each unit increase in magnitude.

Aspirin and the other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs ) inhibit cyclooxygenases, leading to a decrease in prostaglandin production.

* Amblyopia, decrease in acuity of one or both eyes due to poor transmission to the brain, often due to other conditions such as strabismus.

This caused the difference between the prices of U. S. treasuries and other bonds to increase, rather than to decrease as LTCM was expecting.

Scholars such as Frederick W. Mote argue that the wide drop in numbers reflects an administrative failure to record rather than an actual decrease ; others such as Timothy Brook argue that the Mongols created a system of enserfment among a huge portion of the Chinese populace, causing many to disappear from the census altogether ; other historians like William McNeill and David Morgan argue that the Bubonic Plague was the main factor behind the demographic decline during this period.

The problem with this idea is that while the faster moving molecules produce more force, they also do a better job of stopping other molecules from reaching the vane, so the net force on the vane should be exactly the same — the greater temperature causes a decrease in local density which results in the same force on both sides.

The argument is that if the money supply is constant, increases in the cost of a good or service will decrease the money available for other goods and services, and therefore the price of some those goods will fall and offset the rise in price of those goods whose prices have increased.

The second law of thermodynamics states that in general the total entropy of any system will not decrease other than by increasing the entropy of some other system.

On the other hand if ΔH is negative, the reaction is exothermic, that is the overall decrease in enthalpy is achieved by the generation of heat.

One interesting finding in animals is that repeated low-level electrical stimulation to some brain sites can lead to permanent increases in seizure susceptibility: in other words, a permanent decrease in seizure " threshold.

Other studies also found that, while any exposure to the partner's sperm during sex appears to decrease the chances of various disorders, women in couples who have practiced " sex acts other than intercourse " are less than half as likely to suffer pre-eclampsia.

implementing the Uniform State Narcotic Act in 1932 ), and other actions by the government the number of addicts of opium started to decrease fast from 1925 to a level that in 1945 that was about one tenth of the level in 1914.

These factors can also cause hydrocodone and related drugs to have a threshold effect, cause significant lengthening or shortening of the duration of effects in the absence of tolerance, and increase or decrease the de facto conversion ratio between hydrocodone and other drugs like morphine, hydromorphone, and synthetics like levorphanol and methadone.

According to Kondratiev, the ascendant phase is characterized by an increase in prices and low interest rates, while the other phase consists of a decrease in prices and high interest rates.

In the long run, however, other firms enter the market and the benefits of differentiation decrease with competition ; the market becomes more like a perfectly competitive one where firms cannot gain economic profit.

These companies such as International Paper and American Chicle saw their market share decrease significantly by 1929 as smaller competitors joined forces with each other and provided much more competition.

NSAIDs cause hypocoagulability, which may be serious when combined with other drugs that also decrease blood clotting, such as warfarin.

However, even a large price decrease will gain only a few customers because such an action will begin a price war with other firms.

Excessive levels of phenylalanine tend to decrease the levels of other LNAAs in the brain.

In practice, since the brain is normally a rapid user of glucose, and since brain pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease greatly decrease brain metabolism of both glucose and oxygen in tandem, standard FDG-PET of the brain, which measures regional glucose use, may also be successfully used to differentiate Alzheimer's disease from other dementing processes, and also to make early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects.

It is these other features that make the solar constant increase slightly at sunspot maxima, when naively one might expect that sunspots would make it decrease.

Beyond being obligate parasites, they also decrease the vigor of plants and increase the plants ' susceptibility to other pests and diseases.