Lynn White Jr., in his book " Medieval Technology and Social Change ", argues the adoption of the stirrup for cavalry was the direct cause for the development of feudalism in the Frankish realm by Charles Martel and his heirs.

The invention of the solid saddle tree allowed development of the true stirrup as it is known today.

Some authors, such as Lynn White, claim the use of the stirrup in Europe stimulated development of the medieval knights which characterized feudal Europe.

The mission of GIPB is to enhance the capacity of developing countries to improve crops for food security and sustainable development through better plant breeding and delivery systems.

That imprinting might be a feature of mammalian development was suggested in breeding experiments in mice carrying reciprocal translocations.

Carp were first bred for color mutations in China more than a thousand years ago, where selective breeding of the Prussian carp ( Carassius gibelio ) led to the development of the goldfish.

In the early 19th century the Empress Josephine of France patronized the development of rose breeding at her gardens at Malmaison.

Modern wheat breeding developed in the first years of the twentieth century and was closely linked to the development of Mendelian genetics.

Research in biosalinity includes studies of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants, breeding and selection for salt tolerance ( halotolerance ), discovery of periods in a crop plant's life cycle when it may be less sensitive to salt, use of saline irrigation water to increase desirable traits ( such as sugar concentration in a fruit ) or to control the ripening process, study of the interaction between salinity and soil properties, and development of naturally salt-tolerant plant species ( halophytes ) into useful agricultural crops.

Species often have different mating or courtship patterns or behaviors, the breeding seasons may be distinct and even if mating does occur antigenic reactions to the sperm of other species prevent fertilization or embryo development.

While living in Tamworth, he is credited with the development of the Tamworth Pig by breeding Irish stock with some local Tamworth pigs.

In the 1960s, research and development ( R & D ) in oil palm breeding began to expand after Malaysia's Department of Agriculture established an exchange program with West African economies and four private plantations formed the Oil Palm Genetics Laboratory.

India began its own Green Revolution program of plant breeding, irrigation development, and financing of agrochemicals.

Recent research suggests the breeding grounds of this insect in the valleys of the Rocky Mountains came under sustained agricultural development during the large influx of gold miners, destroying the underground eggs of the locust.

There are very few breeding populations of non-human great apes outside captivity, and all such populations are not only formally classified as endangered species, but in the direct path of human deforestation and development, especially in Indonesia and the Congo.

The endangered green turtles are a special group of marine organisms with distinctive navigation behaviour between their nesting, breeding, development and reproduction sites.

Morny played an important role in the development of the thoroughbred horse racing and breeding industry in France.

The one founding prerequisite towards the development of cataphract cavalry in the Ancient Near East, apart from advanced metalworking techniques and the necessary grazing pastures for raising horses, was the evolution of selective breeding and animal husbandry.

Pack breeding early in its development led to a level of genetic variation, so the hereditary conditions of more popular breeds are not common in the AWS.

Those who, very rarely, refer to themselves as " cynologists ", may formally or informally study such things as veterinary science, dog breeding, breed development, dog behavior and training, and the literature and history of dogs.

The only breeding site in South Africa, situated at Kamfers Dam, is threatened by pollution and encroaching development.

It is under severe threat from the development of holiday resorts near its breeding sites, and also from animals such as cats and rats.

He then spent the remainder of his years in property development and thoroughbred horse breeding.

In 2011, the site was in its early stages of development, but the reedbeds have attracted spoonbills and avocets, and are expected to act as a breeding ground for bitterns in due course.

Although development plans include construction of a dike at the north end of the lake to contain the fresh water, the threat of dilution to this breeding ground may still be serious.

Since 1945, European national development has led to cattle breeding and dairy products becoming increasingly regionalized.

With the high level of development in the Gowanus watershed area, excessive nitrates and pathogens are constantly flowing into the canal, further depleting the oxygen and creating breeding grounds for the pathogens responsible for the canal's odor.

The development of the steam engine provided a reason to compare the output of horses with that of the engines that could replace them.

Listeners remember him for advertising Dobbiroids ( a fictional product for horses ) and the huge number of naïve sound effects he made to assist in the development of humorous and often bizarre plots.

The emergence of internet betting exchanges has created opportunities for the public to lay horses and this development has been associated with some high profile disciplinary proceedings.

Liking what he saw during a visit to the area in 1905 ( a blacksmith shop, small store, scattered homes and a lush, untapped vista with herds of grazing wild hogs, horses and steers ) Whitley purchased to start development.

With Huntley ’ s development as a dairy center, horses were tied to the hitching rail surrounding the park every morning while farmers visited stores after delivering their milk cans at the railroad or factory.

A shortage of horses and fodder brought about by the Napoleonic Wars had made steam traction a more attractive proposition and encouraged further development.

With the advancement of technology from carriages pulled by two horses to vehicles with power equivalent to 100 horses, road development had to follow suit.

Although oxen were used to haul the heavier field and siege ordnance, some on wagons rather than limbers, they were too slow to keep up with the infantry, and so horses were used to pull the lighter pieces, leading to the development of the artillery carriage and horse team that survived until the late 19th century.

Further development and registrations of porcine zona pellucida or PZP, another immunocontraceptive targeted for feral horses, is supported by HSUS.

The town's location on the road played a significant role in its development, as well as its name, as inns sprung up to cater for the travelling trade: both riders and horses needed to rest on journeys usually taking days to complete.

The development of the automobile has contributed to changes in employment distribution, shopping patterns, social interactions, manufacturing priorities and city planning ; increasing use of automobiles has reduced the roles of walking, horses and railroads.

For example, the domestication of horses is frequently associated with the expansion of the Indo-European language family ( other linguists see an earlier expansion date which they attribute to the expansion to farming and herding ), the expansion of the Chinese language is sometimes associated first with millet and later with rice farming, and the development of crops and domesticated animals that can thrive in tropical environments may have been one factor in Bantu expansion.

Crossbred draft horses also played a significant role in the development of a number of warmblood breeds, popular today in international FEI competition up to the Olympic Equestrian level.

Natural selection played a major role in the development of the breed, as large numbers of horses died from lack of food and exposure to the elements.

BPV-1 infection of horses, which are an incidental host for the virus, can lead to the development of benign tumors known as sarcoids.

Borna disease in sheep and horses arises after a four week incubation period followed by the development of immune-mediated meningitis and encephalomyelitis.

Pressure from land development and an encroaching human population reduced the range and the number of the Kaimanawa horses, and in 1979 it was found that only about 174 horses remained.

The Riddlewood residential housing development in Middletown Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, is named for Mr. Riddle and its streets are named for the horses he owned.

Gin pits using horses to turn the windlass were the next development and the deeper pits had brick-lined shafts and wooden headgear for hauling tubs of coal and miners out of the workings.

True white horses have unpigmented skin and hair due to the incomplete migration of melanocytes from the neural crest during development.

Some historians believe that in ancient times these horses were of the same strain and had significant influence on the development of the Arabian breed.