By means of this social control, deviance is either eliminated or somehow made compatible with the function of the social group.

Because Adorno believed that sociology needs to be self-reflective and self-critical, he believed that the language the sociologist uses, like the language of the ordinary person, is a political construct in large measure that uses, often unreflectingly, concepts installed by dominant classes and social structures ( such as our notion of " deviance " which includes both genuinely deviant individual and " hustlers " operating below social norms because they lack the capital to operate above: for an analysis of this phenomenon, cf.

Another example of deviance from the source material is how Shakespeare characterizes the rule of Antony and Cleopatra.

By the time that story was published, however, the term was already starting to gain a connotation of sexual deviance ( especially that of homosexual and / or effeminate males ), which is already known in the late 19th century ; an early recorded usage of the word in this sense was in a letter by John Sholto Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry to his son Lord Alfred Douglas.

The term " compressibility " is also used in thermodynamics to describe the deviance in the thermodynamic properties of a real gas from those expected from an ideal gas.

The impact of youth culture on deviance and sexual behavior is debatable.

" She explores the idea that " shyness is a form of deviance: a problem for society as much as for the individual ", and concludes that, to some extent, " we are all impostors, faking our way through social life ".

In logistic regression analysis, deviance is used in lieu of sum of squares calculations.

Given that deviance is a measure of the difference between a given model and the saturated model, smaller values indicate better fit.

If the model deviance is significantly smaller than the null deviance then one can conclude that the predictor or set of predictors significantly improved model fit.

It represents the proportional reduction in the deviance wherein the deviance is treated as a measure of variation analogous but not identical to the variance in linear regression analysis.

If the predictor model has a significantly smaller deviance ( c. f chi-square using the difference in degrees of freedom of the two models ), then one can conclude that there is a significant association between the " predictor " and the outcome.

" Furthermore, in interviews with perpetrators of anti-gay violence, forensic psychologist Karen Franklin points out that “ heterosexism is not just a personal value system, it is a tool in the maintenance of gender dichotomy .” She continues by saying that “ assaults on homosexuals and other individuals who deviate from sex role norms are viewed as a learned form of social control of deviance rather than a defensive response to personal threat .”

Gravity's Rainbow is transgressive, as it questions and inverts social standards of deviance and disgust and transgresses boundaries of Western culture and reason.

When innocent people are blamed fraudulently for nonexistent psychological states and nonexistent behaviors, and there is no qualifying deviance for the blaming behaviors, the intention is to create a negative valuation of innocent humans to induce fear, by using fear mongering.

Merton ’ s theory of deviance is derived from Durkheim ’ s idea of anomie.

" what is at issue is not Schubert's deviance from a " straight " norm, but rather his particular constructions of subjectivity, especially as they contrast with many of those posed by his peers.

In statistics, deviance is a quality of fit statistic for a model that is often used for statistical hypothesis testing.

The deviance for a model M < sub > 0 </ sub >, based on a dataset y, is defined as

In the 1910s, it was used in sexology as the compound expression “ hentai seiyoku ” (, abnormal sexual desire ) and became popular within the theory of sexual deviance ( Hentai seiyoku ron ), published by Eiji Habuto and Jun ′ ichirō Sawada in 1915.

This is [...] inappropriate, since unlike the deviance used in the context of generalized linear modelling, does not measure deviation from a model that is a perfect fit to the data.

In order for " maximum likelihood " to meet the first criterion, it is used in a revised form as the deviance.

Norms of behaviour are a set of behaviour that is usually used by the group members, in case of deviance, negative sanctions follow.

* Most importantly, she argues that Anne miscarried a deformed fetus in January 1536 which fueled 16th-century fears of witchcraft and sexual deviance and led to her execution-" In an attempt to understand her by the terms of her society, information from a wide range of sources will be used to support the argument that she miscarried a defective fetus in 1536.

This critique was embodied in works such as Conrad's " The discovery of hyperkinesis: notes on medicalization of deviance ", published in 1973 ( hyperkinesis was the term then used to describe what we might now call ADHD ).

According to Franco Basaglia and his followers, whose approach pointed out the role of psychiatric institutions in the control and medicalization of deviant behaviors and social problems, psychiatry is used as the provider of scientific support for social control to the existing establishment, and the ensuing standards of deviance and normality brought about repressive views of discrete social groups.

These are used to amplify the deviance of the whole subculture and help define such motorcyclists as ' Outsiders ', ' evil doers ' and deviants rather than permitting diversity within society.

More recently, however, the term occupational crime has been applied to activities quite removed from the original meaning of white collar crime, and it has been used interchangeably with such terms as occupational deviance and workplace crime.

The term has often had a pejorative cast and has been used by opponents to indicate either aridity or ideological deviance.

A compilation of early essays on the subject, Outsiders outlines Becker's theories of deviance through two deviant groups ; marihuana users and dance musicians.

Such reports may have made clear statements and authoritative analyses about the role of women associate with OMCs but few state how they have come to such conclusions, one admitting that, “ interviews with biker women were limited least intentions were misinterpreted ” by their male companions and that the such views of women are mythic and " sexist research " in itself, using deeply flawed methodologies and serve two highly political purposes of maintaining a dominance myth of women by men and amplifying the deviance of OMC men.

Gerhard Falk expounds upon Goffman's work by redefining deviant as " others who deviate from the expectations of a group " and by categorizing deviance into two types:

:"... social groups create deviance by making rules whose infraction creates deviance, and by applying those roles to particular people and labeling them as outsiders.

:"... social groups create deviance by making rules whose infraction creates deviance, and by applying those roles to particular people and labeling them as outsiders.

As a sociologist, Goode makes no judgment about whether a particular is " bad " or " evil ", and considers deviance as a topic to be entirely dependent on whether the society at large considers the behavior deviant.

In the case of a single predictor model, one simply compares the deviance of the predictor model with that of the null model on a chi-square distribution with a single degree of freedom.

In Saudi Arabia's case this includes amputations of hands and feet for robbery, and flogging for lesser crimes such as " sexual deviance " and drunkenness.

The first generalized curvature χ < sub > 1 </ sub >( t ) is called curvature and measures the deviance of γ from being a straight line relative to the osculating plane.

The second generalized curvature χ < sub > 2 </ sub >( t ) is called torsion and measures the deviance of γ from being a plane curve.

This is where strong bonds make deviance more costly.

Abraham D. Lavender ( born 1940 ) is a professor of Sociology at Florida International University in Miami, Florida, where his special areas of interest include ethnic relations, Judaica, political sociology, urban sociology, the sociology of sexuality, and social deviance.