During a session, a user is assigned to one pair of up-link and down-link frequency channels.

* Encrypt down-link data, decrypt up-link data

The device that unites both up-link and down-link paths, which are at 90 ° to each other, is known as an Orthogonal Mode Transducer OMT.

AGP also uses sideband addressing, meaning that the address and data buses are separated so the entire packet does not need to be read to get addressing information.

Multicast uses network infrastructure efficiently by requiring the source to send a packet only once, even if it needs to be delivered to a large number of receivers.

For end-users the use of MPLS is not visible directly, but can be assumed when doing a traceroute: only nodes that do full ip routing are shown as hops in the path, thus not the MPLS nodes used in between, therefore when you see that a packet hops between two very distant nodes and hardly any other ' hop ' is seen in that providers network ( or AS ) it is very likely that that network uses MPLS.

A TCP segment is " the packet of information that TCP uses to exchange data with its peers.

The Network Time Protocol uses packet based messages over an IP network.

Automatic Repeat reQuest ( ARQ ), also known as Automatic Repeat Query, is an error-control method for data transmission that uses acknowledgements ( messages sent by the receiver indicating that it has correctly received a data frame or packet ) and timeouts ( specified periods of time allowed to elapse before an acknowledgment is to be received ) to achieve reliable data transmission over an unreliable service.

Asynchronous Transfer Mode ( ATM ) also is a virtual circuit technology, which uses fixed-length cell relay connection oriented packet switching.

Note that Windows 2008 introduced pipelined TFTP as part of Windows Deployment Services ( WDS ) and uses an 8 packet window by default.

To quote from the standards website, SCI is a: " combination computer backplane bus, processor memory bus, I / O bus, high performance switch, packet switch, ring, mesh, local area network, optical network, parallel bus, serial bus, information sharing and information communication system that provides distributed directory based cache coherency for a global shared memory model and uses electrical or fiber optic point-to-point unidirectional cables of various widths.

*, ping a host to check connectivity ( reports packet loss and latency, uses ICMP ).

If the packet traverses an Active Queue Management ( AQM ) queue ( e. g. a queue that uses Random Early Detection ( RED )) that is experiencing congestion and the corresponding router supports ECN, it may change the codepoint to instead of dropping the packet.

The networking equipment which uses NBAR does a deep packet inspection on some of the packets in a dataflow, to determine which traffic category the flow belongs to.

Examples for cases where block size is relevant include data recovery from a hard disk, in which case the most bytes will be recovered by using a small block size ; for the greatest speed a large block size is chosen according to ( a point of diminishing returns concerning ) the system it runs on ; if the transfer uses a network, depending on interface used and protocol, packet sizes on the network may depend on's block size.

Basically this uses a probabilistic routing table rewarding / reinforcing the route successfully traversed by each " ant " ( a small control packet ) which flood the network.

Because WEP uses a cryptographically insecure checksum mechanism ( CRC32 ), an attacker can guess individual bytes of a packet, and the wireless access point will confirm or deny whether or not the guess is correct.

The major difference between AODV and Dynamic Source Routing ( DSR ) stems out from the fact that DSR uses source routing in which a data packet carries the complete path to be traversed.

This research was the result of the OP25 project OP25 Project homepage which uses GNUradio and the Ettus USRP to implement an open source P25 packet sniffer and analyzer.

The gateway is also associated with both a router, which uses headers and forwarding tables to determine where packets are sent, and a switch, which provides the actual path for the packet in and out of the gateway.

One of the View-Master reel images shows a mistake on the View-Master photographer's part: the scene of Uhura and Sulu ( at Uhura's console ) talking to the landing party was shot between TV production takes as Nichelle Nichols ( Uhura ) still has her script clearly resting on her lap, and the console lights are not on, leaving only the shiny, black screens visible. The View-Master packet cover uses an image created exclusively for the product: a shot of the 3-foot model of the USS Enterprise in the foreground ( clearly identifiable as the 3-foot miniature rather than the 11-foot miniature, as the 11-foot miniature was not detailed on the port side, which is the side shown in the image, as well as by the curve of decks 4 and 5 on the primary hull, and by the unlit nacelle caps ), and another model in the background, presumably meant to be the USS Exeter seen briefly in the episode.

The source node uses the path saved in the route reply packet to send data packets to the destination.

After a failed attempt to alert the bank manager to his danger, Jeff steals marked money ribbons and a letter opener from the manager's desk ; Jeff uses money ribbons to packet $ 1 bills in-between two $ 100 bills, fooling the kidnappers.

The AAL5 on the receiving side knows how many cells comprise a packet because the sending AAL5 uses the low-order bit of the " PAYLOAD TYPE " field of the ATM cell header to mark the final cell in a packet.

Unlike most Unix-like kernels, the Hurd uses a server – client architecture, built on a microkernel that is responsible for providing the most basic kernel services – coordinating access to the hardware: the CPU ( through process management and scheduling ), RAM ( via memory management ), and other various input / output devices ( via I / O scheduling ) for sound, graphics, mass storage, etc.

Systems engineering uses a host of tools that include modeling and simulation, requirements analysis and scheduling to manage complexity.

The priority levels can be divided into a range that supports aging and a higher-priority range that uses strict priority scheduling.

The System Operator ( Transpower ) uses a scheduling, pricing and dispatch ( SPD ) system to rank offers, submitted through WITS, in order of price, and selects the lowest-cost combination of offers ( bids ) to satisfy demand.

It uses a fly-on-the-wall approach to cover nearly every aspect of production, from production management and scheduling to music direction to special effects.

User interfaces for conferencing have a number of different uses ; it could be used for scheduling, setup, and making the call.

Her office is not normally part of tours because she uses the office as her working office for writing speeches, scheduling appearances, and planning special events.

He developed the Cilk language for multithreaded programming, which uses a provably good work-stealing algorithm for scheduling.

Software is often differentiated by whether it allows double-booking, or whether it uses a scheduling or a booking model.

Selinsgrove uses block scheduling.

The company uses software systems supplied by UK based software supplier Omnibus Systems, for timetabling, scheduling and publicity purposes.

LHS uses modular scheduling, students usually having classes into 36-minutes class periods, with each class meeting about four of five days of the school week.

Like most RTOSes, ThreadX uses a multitasking kernel with preemptive scheduling, fast interrupt response, memory management, interthread communication, mutual exclusion, event notification, and thread synchronization features.

Operating System uses First-Come-First-Serve queue, Shortest remaining time, Fixed priority pre-emptive scheduling, Round-robin scheduling, and Multilevel queue scheduling.

The school uses block scheduling, organizing classes in 4 blocks each day changing 4 semesters ( or quarters ) a year.

Now while he uses talk, caresses or requires caresses from her, his bride will sympathetically understand the situation and eagerly help him restore his physical situation so they can have the consummation they both so eagerly desire.

In general, the International System of Units only uses capital letters for the symbols of units which are named after individual scientists, while au or a. u.

Classes Ia and Ib utilise regular labdanoid diterpenes ( e. g. communic acid, communol, biformenes ), while Ic uses enantio labdanoids ( ozic acid, ozol, enantio biformenes ).

* Moo shu pork – The native Chinese version uses more typically Chinese ingredients ( including wood ear fungi and daylily buds ) and thin flour pancakes while the American version uses vegetables more familiar to Americans and thicker pancakes.

Similarly, Commando, released in 1989, uses a POKEY to generate in-game music while the TIA generates the game's sound effects for a total of 6 channels of sound.

It uses a limited number of vocalisations, mostly grunts and snorts while females have a weak mooing contact-call for their young.

* In the final act of Batman Begins, while being cornered by the GCPD at Arkham Asylum Batman uses a high-frequency device to attract his bats from the cave.

The key difference between the von Neumann and Harvard architectures is that the latter separates the storage and treatment of CPU instructions and data, while the former uses the same memory space for both.

The green curve uses the general pressure law for an ideal Fermi gas, while the blue curve is for a non-relativistic ideal Fermi gas.

One of the more obvious differences is that crochet uses one hook while much knitting uses two needles.

Interframe compression uses one or more earlier or later frames in a sequence to compress the current frame, while intraframe compression uses only the current frame, effectively being image compression.

Standard Danish has two genders and the definite form of nouns is formed by the use of suffixes, while Western Jutlandic has only one gender and the definite form of nouns uses an article before the noun itself, in the same fashion as West Germanic languages.

The A, B, C and D tones are used in radio phone patch and repeater operations to allow, among other uses, control of the repeater while connected to an active phone line.

Nevertheless, as a rule of thumb, high-performance parallel computation in a shared-memory multiprocessor uses parallel algorithms while the coordination of a large-scale distributed system uses distributed algorithms.

* A " causal " filter uses only previous samples of the input or output signals ; while a " non-causal " filter uses future input samples.

* A " finite impulse response " ( FIR ) filter uses only the input signals, while an " infinite impulse response " filter ( IIR ) uses both the input signal and previous samples of the output signal.

Accelerometer pilot control ( APC ) uses an accelerometer to provide feedback on the engine's level of noise and vibration and thus instruct the ECU to inject the minimum amount of fuel that will produce quiet combustion and still provide the required power ( especially while idling ).

Of the two main channels, Channel I uses mainly Arabic, while Channel II is dedicated to foreigners and more cultured viewers, broadcasting news in English and French as well as Arabic.

The monitorial system uses slightly more-advanced students to teach less-advanced students, achieving student-teacher ratios as small as 2, while educating more than a thousand students per adult.