The earliest motets arose in the 13th century ( Bent, 1997 ) from the organum tradition exemplified in the Notre Dame school of Léonin and Pérotin.

Philippe de Vitry was one of the earliest composers to use this technique, and his work evidently had an influence on that of Guillaume de Machaut, one of the most famous named composers of late medieval motets.

Adam de la Halle, also known as Adam le Bossu ( Adam the Hunchback ) ( 1237 ?– 1288 ) was a French-born trouvère, poet and musician, whose literary and musical works include chansons and jeux-partis ( poetic debates ) in the style of the trouveres, polyphonic rondel and motets in the style of early liturgical polyphony, and a musical play, " Jeu de Robin et Marion ", which is considered the earliest surviving secular French play with music.

In his earliest motets one can hear the influence of Ockeghem ; in his middle period works, the paired imitation style of Josquin Des Prez ; and in his late works the stylistic refinement, well-crafted melodic lines and pervasive imitation recall Gombert.

He wrote motets, psalm settings, madrigals, as well as some of the earliest compositions to be called " cantata.

The new poetic ( as well as musical: some of the earliest medieval music has lyrics composed in Old French by the earliest composers known by name ) tendencies are apparent in the Roman de Fauvel in 1310 and 1314, a satire on abuses in the medieval church filled with medieval motets, lais, rondeaux and other new secular forms of poetry and music ( mostly anonymous, but with several pieces by Philippe de Vitry who would coin the expression Ars nova art, or new technique to distinguish the new musical practice from the music of the immediately preceding age ).

The new poetic ( as well as musical: some of the earliest medieval music has lyrics composed in Old French by the earliest composers known by name ) tendencies are apparent in the Roman de Fauvel in 1310 and 1314, a satire on abuses in the medieval church filled with medieval motets, lais, rondeaux and other new secular forms of poetry and music ( mostly anonymous, but with several pieces by Philippe de Vitry who would coin the expression Ars nova art, or new technique to distinguish the new musical practice from the music of the immediately preceding age ).

Martial in Limoges are especially important, as are the 12th century Parisian composers from whence came the earliest motets.

Those modern scholars who urge that we must keep in mind the fundamental continuity of Aegean development from earliest times -- granted occasional irruptions of peoples and ideas from outside -- are correct ; ;

My own earliest memories are of exiles: my three brothers and I were taken often to the United States `` to visit relatives '' while my father stayed on to fight the dictator Machado.

The earliest known texts in a Turkic language are the Orkhon inscriptions, of which the earliest dates from around 720 AD and the latest from 735 AD ( Miller 1971: 3 ).

The earliest historical records of Anatolia stem from the south east of the region, and are from the Mesopotamian based Akkadian Empire during the reign of Sargon of Akkad in the 24th century BC.

Beginning with the earliest explorations and excavations, researchers wrote that the Ancient Puebloans are ancestors of contemporary Pueblo peoples.

The earliest records of the study of this phenomenon are attributed to the philosopher Pythagoras in the 6th century BC.

Trees from the earliest fortifications found in Germania Inferior are dated by dendrochronology to 99 / 100.

Alemannic runic inscriptions such as those on the Pforzen buckle are among the earliest testimonies of Old High German.

Hippolytus of Rome ( d. 235 ) is commonly considered to be the earliest antipope, as he headed a separate group within the Church in Rome against Pope Callixtus I. Hippolytus was reconciled to Callixtus's second successor, Pope Pontian, and both he and Pontian are honoured as saints by the Roman Catholic Church with a shared feast day on 13 August.

The earliest remains hitherto found on the site are tombs of the early Iron Age period of Graeco-Phoenician influences ( 1000-600 B. C .).

While there are many competing claims for the earliest powered, heavier-than-air flight, the most widely-accepted date is December 17, 1903 by the Wright brothers.

Like most biblical books, there are differences between the earliest surviving manuscripts of Acts.

The manuscripts from the Western text-type ( as represented by the Codex Bezae ) and the Alexandrian text-type ( as represented by the Codex Sinaiticus ) are the earliest survivors.

While connection with Anatolian names has been suggested, the earliest attested forms of the name Artemis are the Mycenaean Greek a-te-mi-to and a-ti-mi-te, written in Linear B at Pylos.

These are the earliest anemometers and are simply a flat plate suspended from the top so that the wind deflects the plate.

The earliest evidence of settlements in the area of today's Berlin are a wooden beam dated from approximately 1192 and leftovers of wooden houseparts dated to 1174 found in a 2012 digging in Berlin Mitte.

A pair of beads made from Nassarius sea snail shells, approximately 100, 000 years old, are thought to be the earliest known examples of jewellery.

At the earliest stages of brain development, the three areas are roughly equal in size.

The earliest phases of the Big Bang are subject to much speculation.

The earliest and most direct kinds of observational evidence are the Hubble-type expansion seen in the redshifts of galaxies, the detailed measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the relative abundances of light elements produced by Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and today also the large scale distribution and apparent evolution of galaxies predicted to occur due to gravitational growth of structure in the standard theory.

Since the mid-20th century, there has been considerable debate over how the earliest forms of life evolved and how to classify them, especially at the kingdom and domain levels and organisms that are or have been considered bacteria.

The earliest parts of the book are possibly chapters 2 – 11, the story of the conquest ; more certain is that this section was then incorporated into an early form of Joshua that was part of then original Deuteronomistic history, written late in the reign of king Josiah ( reigned 640 – 609 BCE ); it seems clear that the book was not completed until after the fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians in 586, and possibly not until after the return from the Babylonian exile late in the 6th century.

Returning boomerangs actually do fly and are examples of the earliest heavier-than-air man-made flight.

He was probably French, probably lived and worked in Paris at the Notre Dame Cathedral and was the earliest member of the Notre Dame school of polyphony and the ars antiqua style who is known by name.

He is mainly noted for having written about Léonin and Pérotin, thereby assigning names to two of the composers of the music of the Notre Dame school who otherwise would have been anonymous ; Léonin and Pérotin are among the earliest European composers whose names are actually known.

The earliest records of Grenon are from Paris, where he worked first in the Notre Dame Cathedral, and on the death of his brother moved to a job at the St Sépulchre as a canon.

The principal examples are those in the Abbaye-aux-Hommes and Abbaye-aux-Dames at Caen ( which were probably the earliest examples of a construction now looked upon as transitional ), Notre Dame de Paris, and the cathedrals of Bourges, Laon, Noyon, Senlis and Sens ; from the latter cathedral the sexpartite vault was brought by William of Sens to Canterbury, and it is afterwards found at Lincoln and in St Faith's Chapel, Westminster Abbey.

The Academy, one of the earliest secondary schools to be accredited by the State of California, included elementary and high school classes for local students and was a separate entity from the College of Notre Dame which served high school and college resident students at the same location.

The earliest public demonstrations took place en province, outside Paris, notably by Hébertists in Lyon, but took a further radical turn with the Fête de la Liberté (" Festival of Liberty ") at Notre Dame de Paris, 10 November ( 20 Brumaire ) 1793, in ceremonies devised and organised by Pierre-Gaspard Chaumette.

The earliest example of the barbed quatrefoil appears on the south transept buttresses of 1260 in the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris.

Machaut wrote the Messe de Nostre Dame, the earliest known complete setting of the Ordinary of the Mass attributable to a single composer.

Dame Ellen Terry as Katherine of AragonMost modern scholars date Henry VIII to 1613, the year in which the Globe Theatre burned down during one of the play's earliest known performances.

Some of the earliest recordings, made in the 1940's demonstrated that psychiatrists reacted immediately to anger and anxiety in the sound track, whereas written records of the same interview offered far fewer cues to therapy which -- if they were at all discernible in print -- were picked up only by the most skilled and sensitive experts.

The earliest known written documentation of the Chinese abacus dates to the 2nd century BC.

The earliest Mongolic language of which we have written evidence is known as Middle Mongol.

The earliest Para-Mongolic text is the Memorial for Yelu Yanning, written in the Khitan Large Script and dated to 986 AD.

The earliest written reference to the town, under the name of Habensperch, came from this time, in around 1138.

His earliest writings were likely written in the 1150s, and probably in Paris.

The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek feminine noun a-re-ka-sa-da-ra ( transliterated as Alexandra ), written in Linear B syllabic script.

" The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek a-re, written in Linear B syllabic script.

Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias, written in 360 BC, contain the earliest references to Atlantis.

The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek a-re-ka-sa-da-ra, written in Linear B syllabic script.

The earliest record of a settlement at Ajaccio having a name ancestral to its name is the exhortation in Epistle 77 written in 601 CE of Gregory the great to the Defensor Boniface, one of two known rectors of the early Corsican church, not to leave Aleria and Adjacium without bishops.

The earliest reference to the idea of non-violence to animals ( pashu-ahimsa ), apparently in a moral sense, is in the Kapisthala Katha Samhita of the Yajurveda ( KapS 31. 11 ), which may have been written in about the 8th century BCE.

The earliest written records indicate the Egyptians and Babylonians used all the elementary arithmetic operations as early as 2000 BC.

In his earliest work, Against the Heathen-On the Incarnation, written before 319, he repeatedly quoted Plato and used a definition from the Organon of Aristotle.

The earlier date, 293, is sometimes assigned and apparently supported by the authority of a " Coptic Fragment " ( published by Dr. O. von Lemm among the Mémoires de l ' académie impériale des sciences de S. Péterbourg, 1888 ) and corroborated by the maturity revealed in his two earliest treatises Contra Gentes ( Against the Heathens ) and De Incarnatione ( On the Incarnation ), which were admittedly written about the year 318 before Arianism had begun to make itself felt, as those writings do not show an awareness of Arianism.

* c. 400 BC: The earliest written reference to go ( weiqi ) in the historical annal Zuo Zhuan.

* c. 600 The earliest references to chaturanga written in Subandhu's Vasavadatta and Banabhatta's Harsha Charitha early Indian books.

* c. 600: The earliest reference to shatranj written in Karnamak-i-Artakhshatr-i-Papakan.

It is also the earliest recorded and earliest written language of the Mon – Khmer family, predating Mon and by a significant margin Vietnamese.

The earliest attested form of the word κύμινον ( kuminon ) is the Mycenaean Greek ku-mi-no, written in Linear B syllabic script.

" These pictographs are reputed to be similar to the earliest characters confirmed to be written Chinese.

The findings at Anyang include the earliest written record of Chinese past so far discovered: inscriptions of divination records in ancient Chinese writing on the bones or shells of animals – the so-called " oracle bones ", dating from around 1200 BC.