The effect of the time of repose was explained by Musschenbroek ( 1762 ) by considering the surfaces of fibrous materials, with fibers meshing together, which takes a finite time in which the friction increases.

The light from these distant stars and quasars will be redshifted accordingly ( by the Doppler effect and thermalisation ), so that the total light flux from the sky remains finite.

Concern over the depletion of the earth's finite reserves of oil, and the effect this would have on a society dependent on it, is a field known as peak oil.

The loss of most transmission lines are dominated by the metal loss, which causes a frequency dependency due to finite conductivity of metals, and the skin effect inside a conductor.

Conversely, the influence of the data at any given point on the initial line propagates with the finite velocity c: there is no effect outside a triangle through that point whose sides are characteristic curves.

And let be the Fermi energy calculated for the finite solid without considering surface distortion effect, when taking the convention that the potential at is zero.

The Mössbauer effect occurs because there is a finite probability of a decay occurring involving no phonons.

Instead, a being is born into a Naraka as a direct result of his or her previous karma ( actions of body, speech and mind ), and resides there for a finite length of time until his karma has exhausted its cumulate effect.

Duns Scotus however argued that inductive inference from a finite number of particulars to a universal generalization was justified by " a proposition reposing in the soul, ' Whatever occurs in a great many instances by a cause that is not free, is the natural effect of that cause.

The effect of the finite volume of the particles is to decrease the available void space in which the particles are free to move.

This work contains a remarkable geometrical proposition to the effect that the ratio of the area of any arbitrary sector of a circle to that of the inscribed or circumscribed regular polygons is not expressible by a finite number of terms.

The main effect of this in practice, apart from allowing subgroups in which the connected component is of finite index > 1, is to admit non-reduced schemes, in characteristic p.

As shown by Laplace, another possible Le Sage effect is orbital aberration due to finite speed of gravity.

The bar at represents the DC Josephson effect, while the current at large values of is due to the finite value of the superconductor bandgap and not reproduced by the above equations.

A fancier second-order filter will reduce those frequencies with a slope of 12 dB per octave and moreover may be designed with a higher Q or finite zeros in order to effect an even steeper response around the cutoff frequency.

In other words, the mirror has a finite output ( or Norton ) resistance given by the r < sub > O </ sub > of the output transistor, namely ( see Early effect ):

The net effect is to partially cancel out the field at any finite distance.

Hence it follows, in the first place, that the world could only have come from God by creation ; secondly, that not even by way of a miracle can any finite nature be given creative power, which of itself directly attains the very being of any being ; and finally, that no created agent can in any way influence the being of any effect unless it has itself been moved by the first Cause .</ li >

Agent environments can be organized according to various properties like: accessibility ( depending on if it is possible to gather complete information about the environment ), determinism ( if an action performed in the environment causes a definite effect ), dynamics ( how many entities influence the environment in the moment ), discreteness ( whether the number of possible actions in the environment is finite ), episodicity ( whether agent actions in certain time periods influence other periods ), and dimensionality ( whether spatial characteristics are important factors of the environment and the agent considers space in its decision making ).

This effect can be approximated by a Dirac delta measure ( flash ) and a constant finite rectangular window, in combination.

Muhammad Iqbal also rejects the argument stating, “ Logically speaking, then, the movement from the finite to the infinite as embodied in the cosmological argument is quite illegitimate ; and the argument fails in total .” For Iqbal the concept of the first uncaused cause is absurd, he continues: " It is, however, obvious that a finite effect can give only a finite cause, or at most an infinite series of such causes.

But some users note that in practice the finite conductivity of metals may produce a similar effect, and a bare G-line can entrain a propagating wave.

Once the operator took his finger off, the player would speed up until its tachometer was back in phase with the master, and as this happened, the phasing effect would appear to slide up the frequency spectrum.

From a strictly aerodynamic point of view, the term should refer only to those side-effects arising as a result of the changes in airflow from an incompressible fluid ( similar in effect to water ) to a compressible fluid ( acting as a gas ) as the speed of sound is approached.

Since the air on the top of the wing is traveling faster than on the bottom, due to Bernoulli effect, at speeds close to the speed of sound the air on the top of the wing will be accelerated to supersonic.

The choice of print technology has a great effect on the cost of the printer and cost of operation, speed, quality and permanence of documents, and noise.

Sometimes designers will use one rasterization method on some faces and the other method on others based on the angle at which that face meets other joined faces, thus increasing speed and not hurting the overall effect.

Its name comes from the information path in the system: process inputs ( e. g., voltage applied to an electric motor ) have an effect on the process outputs ( e. g., speed or torque of the motor ), which is measured with sensors and processed by the controller ; the result ( the control signal ) is " fed back " as input to the process, closing the loop.

In this work, Doppler postulated his principle ( later coined the Doppler effect ) that the observed frequency of a wave depends on the relative speed of the source and the observer, and he tried to use this concept for explaining the colour of binary stars.

* Interactive Coriolis Fountain lets you control rotation speed, droplet speed and frame of reference to explore the Coriolis effect.

Variations in the star's radial velocity — that is, the speed with which it moves towards or away from Earth — can be detected from displacements in the star's spectral lines due to the Doppler effect.

While the energy delivered to the target increases linearly with mass, it increases geometrically with the speed ( see the effect of the handle, below ).

Hall effect sensors are readily available from a number of different manufacturers, and may be used in various sensors such as rotating speed sensors ( bicycle wheels, gear-teeth, automotive speedometers, electronic ignition systems ), fluid flow sensors, current sensors, and pressure sensors.

Although he failed to detect any parallax, thereby placing a lower limit on the distance to stars, he discovered another effect, stellar aberration, an effect which depends not on position ( as in parallax ), but on speed.

Although vehicles with higher clearances ( such as trucks ) are typically immune from this effect, the force of striking any 270 + kg ( 600 + pound ) object at high speed should not be underestimated.

Viewing these markings in artificial light at mains frequency produces a stroboscopic effect, which can be used to verify proper rotational speed.

Precession or gyroscopic considerations have an effect on bicycle performance at high speed.

He stated, "... by their electromagnetic waves use we may produce at will, from a sending station, an electrical effect in any particular region of the globe ; which we may determine the relative position or course of a moving object, such as a vessel at sea, the distance traversed by the same, or its speed.

If the transmitter's output is coherent ( phase synchronized ), there is another effect that can be used to make almost instant speed measurements ( no memory is required ), known as the Doppler effect.

The Doppler effect is only able to determine the relative speed of the target along the line of sight from the radar to the target.

Defense is less difficult by decreasing the speed and eliminating any meaningful magnus effect of spin.

To prevent this, the leading rider may choose to accelerate quickly before the last lap, hoping to catch his opponent off guard and establish a large enough gap to negate the aerodynamic effect or to keep the speed high enough to prevent his opponent from completing a pass.

The reason is due to the effect of the rotation speed for each blade.

One curious effect is that, unlike ordinary particles, the speed of a tachyon increases as its energy decreases.