The total volume of the system above the reference height is Af, and H can be eliminated to obtain an equation for the total potential energy of the system in terms of H.

It would hardly be an exaggeration to say that ninety per cent of the energy of most churches -- whether in terms of finance or spiritual concern -- is poured into the private and domestic interests of the members.

Again using the figure, the energy equation in terms of the control volume may be written as:

The bicycle is the most efficient human-powered means of transportation in terms of energy a person must expend to travel a given distance.

* In its simplest form, BCS gives the superconducting transition temperature in terms of the electron-phonon coupling potential and the Debye cutoff energy:

The principle of operation of the centrifuge also can be simply understood in terms of this expression for the potential energy, which shows that it is favorable energetically when the volume far from the axis of rotation is occupied by the heavier substance.

Russian physicist Lev Landau used the idea for the Fermi liquid theory wherein low energy properties of interacting fermion systems were given in terms of what are now known as Landau-quasiparticles.

* The north-west areas of County Mayo have some of the best renewable energy resources in Europe, if not the world, in terms of wind resources, ocean wave, tidal and hydroelectric resources.

The total energy is determined by approximate solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, usually with no relativistic terms included, and by making use of the Born – Oppenheimer approximation, which allows for the separation of electronic and nuclear motions, thereby simplifying the Schrödinger equation.

Diagram illustrating various ab initio electronic structure methods in terms of energy.

In DFT, the total energy is expressed in terms of the total one-electron density rather than the wave function.

In general, the potential energy surfaces are coupled via the vibronic coupling terms.

: ( energy defined in terms of work )

In terms of thermodynamics, the internal energy of the calorimetric material can be considered as the value of a function of, with partial derivatives and.

Again, further in terms of thermodynamics, the internal energy of the calorimetric material can sometimes, depending on the calorimetric material, be considered as the value of a function of, with partial derivatives and, and with being expressible as the value of a function of, with partial derivatives and.

Although the Casimir effect can be expressed in terms of virtual particles interacting with the objects, it is best described and more easily calculated in terms of the zero-point energy of a quantized field in the intervening space between the objects.

Since such radiation can produce severe damage to life at powers that produce very little heating, it is considered far more dangerous ( in terms of damage-produced per unit of energy, or power ) than the rest of the electromagnetic spectrum.

In fact, it has been proven that the activation energy for the chloride ion is very low, hence favorable in kinetic terms.

Whereas the thermodynamic terms " exothermic " and " endothermic " respectively refer to processes that give out heat energy and processes that absorb heat energy, in biology the sense is effectively inverted.

In a more general form, the first law describes the internal energy with additional terms involving the chemical potential and the number of particles of various types.

Paleontology has yet to explain the expansion of this organ over millions of years despite being extremely demanding in terms of energy consumption.

Whereas the thermodynamic terms " exothermic " and " endothermic " respectively refer to processes that give out heat energy and processes that absorb heat energy, in biology the sense is effectively inverted.

Atomic orbitals are typically categorized by n, l, and m quantum numbers, which correspond to the electron's energy, angular momentum, and an angular momentum vector component, respectively.

Still, the Bohr model's use of quantized angular momenta and therefore quantized energy levels was a significant step towards the understanding of electrons in atoms, and also a significant step towards the development of quantum mechanics in suggesting that quantized restraints must account for all discontinuous energy levels and spectra in atoms.

where X is the energy level corresponding to the principal quantum number n, type is a lower-case letter denoting the shape or subshell of the orbital and it corresponds to the angular quantum number l, and y is the number of electrons in that orbital.

In a reference frame uniformly rotating at angular rate Ω, the fictitious centrifugal force is conservative and has a potential energy of the form:

At some small angular rate of rotation, however, an element of surface water can achieve lower potential energy by moving outward under the influence of the centrifugal force.

For example, the conservation of energy follows from the time-invariance of physical systems, and the fact that physical systems behave the same regardless of how they are oriented in space gives rise to the conservation of angular momentum.

where is the coordinate radius, and are the test-particle's conserved energy and angular momentum respectively ( constructed from the killing vectors ).

So, substituting the angular momentum and moment of inertia into E < sub > rot </ sub >, the rotational energy levels of a diatomic molecule are given by:

* Orbital eccentricity, in astrodynamics, calculated from orbital state vectors as an absolute value of eccentricity vector or using other methods based on orbital energy and angular momentum

Adding another of any of these particles would require angular momentum and would release substantially less energy ( in fact, no nucleus with five nucleons is stable ).

Although the resulting energy eigenfunctions ( the orbitals ) are not necessarily isotropic themselves, their dependence on the angular coordinates follows completely generally from this isotropy of the underlying potential: the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian ( that is, the energy eigenstates ) can be chosen as simultaneous eigenstates of the angular momentum operator.

Therefore, the energy eigenstates may be classified by two angular momentum quantum numbers, ℓ and m ( both are integers ).

Due to angular momentum conservation, states of the same ℓ but different m have the same energy ( this holds for all problems with rotational symmetry ).

The neutrino was postulated first by Wolfgang Pauli in 1930 to explain how beta decay could conserve energy, momentum, and angular momentum ( spin ).

1: Probability densities corresponding to the wavefunctions of an electron in a hydrogen atom possessing definite energy levels ( increasing from the top of the image to the bottom: n = 1, 2, 3, ...) and angular momenta ( increasing across from left to right: s, p, d, ...).

The angular momentum and energy are quantization ( physics ) | quantized, and take only discrete values like those shown ( as is the case for Resonant frequency | resonant frequencies in acoustics )

Examples of observables include energy, position, momentum, and angular momentum.

The photon will have angular frequency and energy (=, where is the Planck constant and is the frequency ):

As in any physical process within an isolated system, total energy and angular momentum are conserved.

Effectively, energy and angular momentum are transferred from the rotation of the Earth to the orbital motion of the Moon ( however, most of the energy lost by the Earth is converted to heat (- 3. 321 TW ), and only about 1 / 30th (+ 0. 121 TW ) is transferred to the Moon ).