A common response to instances of the evidential problem is that there are plausible ( and not hidden ) justifications for God ’ s permission of evil.

This reply, however, leaves the evidential problem of evil untouched.

Deals with both the logical problem and the evidential problem.

A theodicy ( from Greek theos " god " + dike " justice ") is an attempt to resolve the evidential problem of evil by reconciling the traditional divine characteristics of omnibenevolence, omnipotence and omniscience with the occurrence of evil or suffering in the world.

A theodicy is a response to the evidential problem of evil, the challenge that the occurrence of evil in the world counts as evidence against the existence of an omnipotent and omnibenevolent deity, making God's existence unlikely.

Defences propose solutions to the logical problem of evil, while theodicies attempt to answer the evidential problem.

Traditionally, that something else was held to be evidential justification ; today it is usually held to be either justification and also some other condition, or else some other condition instead of justification, which will avoid the Gettier problem.

The inference from this claim to the general statement that there exists unnecessary evil is inductive in nature and it is this inductive step that sets the evidential argument apart from the logical argument.

A theodicy, on the other hand, is more ambitious, since it attempts to provide a plausible justification — a morally sufficient reason — for the existence of evil and thereby rebut the " evidential " argument from evil.

Statisticians of the opposing Bayesian school typically accept the existence and importance of physical probabilities, but also consider the calculation of evidential probabilities to be both valid and necessary in statistics.

Also the word " objective ", as applied to probability, sometimes means exactly what " physical " means here, but is also used of evidential probabilities that are fixed by rational constraints, such as logical and epistemic probabilities.

An assessment of the scheme concluded that it brought benefits to the prosecuting process and helped to strengthen cases to be brought to trial and also identify those that should be discontinued on evidential grounds.

Interested members of the public and organisations may not only make ( written ) evidential submissions as is the case with most inquiries, but also listen to oral evidence given by other parties.

Estimates of the timing of these migrations vary considerably: the most widely-accepted conservative evidential view places this somewhere between 40, 000 to 45, 000 years ago, with earlier cited ( but not universally accepted ) dates of up to 60, 000 years or more also proposed ; the debate continues within the academic community.

Philosopher and Roman Catholic priest Ernan McMullin also disagrees with Plantinga's call for a theistic science, stating that it should not be considered to be science at all, and suggesting that Plantinga seriously understates the evidential support for evolution.

Troon's second theory based on the allegations of Airaghi and Briner-Mattern, that intermediaries on behalf of Nicholas Biwott, Prof. George Saitoti and others had asked for bribes to facilitate the progress of the Molasses Project and that when these bribes were not paid Nicholas Biwott stood in the way of the project, would also seem to lack any evidential basis.

An evidential ( also verificational or validational ) is the particular grammatical element ( affix, clitic, or particle ) that indicates evidentiality.

Moreover, regional colloquial usage of the preposition según also expresses evidential mood, indicating hearsay or non-commitment (“ supposedly ”, “ it is said ”).

He also said that he had requested that the privileges of these officers be withdrawn so he could take their statements and conduct a search of their offices and residences for items of evidential value but this request was denied.

Jesus referred to his " works " as evidences of his mission and his divinity, and in he declared that his miracles have greater evidential value than the testimony of John the Baptist.

Jesus referred to his " works " as evidences of his mission and his divinity, and in he declared that his miracles have greater evidential value than the testimony of John the Baptist.

The four main evidential interpretations are the classical ( e. g. Laplace's ) interpretation, the subjective interpretation ( de Finetti and Savage ), the epistemic or inductive interpretation ( Ramsey, Cox ) and the logical interpretation ( Keynes and Carnap ).

Jerald Dee Tanner ( June 1, 1938 — October 1, 2006 ) was an American writer and researcher who, with his wife Sandra McGee Tanner ( born January 14, 1941 ), was noted for publishing archival and evidential materials about the history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( LDS Church ).

For example, Eastern Pomo has 4 evidential suffixes that are added to verbs ,-ink ’ e ( nonvisual sensory ),-ine ( inferential ), -· le ( hearsay ),-ya ( direct knowledge ).

) Frank P. Ramsey, on the other hand, was skeptical about the existence of such objective logical relations and argued that ( evidential ) probability is " the logic of partial belief " (" Truth and Probability ", 1926, p. 157 ).

It is important to note that while color symbolism and color associations exist, their existence does not provide evidential support for color psychology or claims that color has therapeutic properties.

It is not to be confused with evidential burden, which is an obligation that shifts between parties over the course of the hearing or trial.

Further Dawkins distinguishes this process from the spread of scientific ideas, which, he suggests, is constrained by the requirement to conform with certain virtues of standard methodology: " testability, evidential support, precision, quantifiability, consistency, intersubjectivity, repeatability, universality, progressiveness, independence of cultural milieu, and so on ".

Presuppositionalism contrasts with classical apologetics and evidential apologetics.

Languages with only a single evidential have had terms such as mediative, médiatif, médiaphorique, and indirective used instead of evidential.

The sensory evidential mood ( abbreviated ) is an epistemic grammatical mood, or group of moods, found in some languages, that indicates that the utterance is based on what the speaker has seen with their own eyes, or heard with their own ears.

The use of 1-m grids often led to a confused evidential record with items found in the soil from a grave being associated with several grid numbers instead of labeling the grave soil & body ( a context number ) and associating items found in the grave ( evidence ) with that label.

He never dealt systematically with socialist economics, amongst other things because he lacked an evidential basis for theorizing about that.

A popular approach in some circles is the approach of Reformed epistemologists, such as Alvin Plantinga and Nicholas Wolterstorff, who assert that belief in God might be foundational ( or, properly ' basic ') and warranted without the need for logical or evidential justification, like belief in other minds or the external world, rather than inferentially derived from other beliefs ; it can, however, be subject to defeaters, rationally requiring that one give up the belief.

They had to rate the evidential importance of statements arguing either for or against a particular character being responsible.

Bayesian probability is one of the different interpretations of the concept of probability and belongs to the category of evidential probabilities.

There are two broad categories of probability interpretations which can be called " physical " and " evidential " probabilities.

Another point of disagreement concerns the uniqueness of evidential probability, relative to a given state of knowledge.

Although there is often confusion, the p-value is not the probability of the null hypothesis being true, nor is the p-value the same as the Type I error rate .< ref name =" hubbard "> Paper that explains the difference between Fisher's evidential p-value and the Neyman – Pearson Type I error rate .</ ref > A Type I error in statistics is the incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis.

He is the exponent of a realistic pragmatism which, rejecting the deconstructive approach of some recent pragmatists, construes pragmatic efficacy as an evidential index for such normative features as truth and validity rather than being a substitute or replacement for them.

of acquiring evidential knowledge of what happened in Athabascan, in Yokuts, in Uto-Aztecan in the last few thousand years as well as forecasting what more anciently may have happened between them.

Various evidential verb forms exist to express unwitnessed, retold, and doubtful action.

One major evidential objection to the Oxfordian theory is Edward de Vere's 1604 death, after which a number of Shakespeare's plays are conventionally believed to have been written, according to 300 years of orthodox scholarship.

On most accounts, evidential probabilities are considered to be degrees of belief, defined in terms of dispositions to gamble at certain odds.

The other things in question are the evidential support for the theory.

Paul Foot and some other campaigners continued to believe in Hanratty's innocence and argued that the DNA evidence could have been contaminated, noting that the small DNA samples from items of clothing, kept in a police laboratory for over 40 years " in conditions that do not satisfy modern evidential standards ", had had to be subjected to very new amplification techniques in order to yield any genetic profile.

There are certain evidential suggestions pointing out hay fever and similar allergies to be of hereditary origin.