Since most lineages with exoskeletons are thought to have started out with a non-mineralised exoskeleton which they later mineralised, this makes it difficult to comment on the very early evolution of each lineage's exoskeleton.

It is the gradual unfolding and deepening of this contradiction which creates the inner dialectic of the evolution of the mystery story.

As a Humanist, Dr. Huxley interests himself in the possibilities of human development, and one thing we can say about this suggestion, which comes from a leading zoologist, is that, so far as he is concerned, the scientific outlook places no rigid limitation upon the idea of future human evolution.

The study of altruism was the initial impetus behind George R. Price's development of the Price equation, which is a mathematical equation used to study genetic evolution.

Lizards and some frogs have somewhat similar osteoderms forming bony deposits in the dermis but this is an example of convergent evolution with similar structures having arisen independently in diverse vertebrate lineages.

Since the evolution of the Aramaic alphabet out of the Phoenician one was a gradual process, the division of the world's alphabets into those derived from the Phoenician one directly and those derived from Phoenician via Aramaic is somewhat artificial.

One view, especially held in evolutionary psychology, is that the presence of venomous spiders led to the evolution of a fear of spiders or made acquisition of a fear of spiders especially easy.

The alternative view is that the dangers, such as from spiders, are overrated and not sufficient to influence evolution.

Some early scientists such as Georg Ernst Stahl ( 1659-1734 ) and Francisque Bouillier ( 1813 – 1899 ) had supported a form of animism which life and mind, the directive principle in evolution and growth, holding that all cannot be traced back to chemical and mechanical processes, but that there is a directive force which guides energy without altering its amount.

He is best known for independently proposing a theory of evolution due to natural selection that prompted Charles Darwin to publish his own theory.

The evolution of the numerals in early Europe is shown on a table created by the French scholar J. E.

Natural history is the study and description of organisms and natural objects, especially their origins, evolution, and interrelationships.

In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is the evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within a rapidly multiplying lineage.

A classic example is the evolution of a fourth cusp in the mammalian tooth.

What evolution is.

It is an evolution from the heterogeneous to the homogeneous, and is clearly another step in the upward path of development .”

The novel starts with an imaginative description of the evolution of this superintelligence through exponentially accelerating developmental stages, culminating in a transcendent, nigh-omnipotent power that is unfathomable to mere humans.

It is also representative of the evolution and direction of our team .” During the 2003 preseason Michael Vick broke his leg and missed the first twelve games of the season.

The anthroposophical view is that good is found in the balance between two polar, generally evil influences on world and human evolution.

The evidence for Aelbert ’ s evolution to foreground figure painter is in the production of some paintings from 1645-50 featuring foreground animals that do not fit with Jacob ’ s style.

Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of extraterrestrial life.

As a military writer, his position in the evolution of the art of war is very important, and his doctrines had naturally the greatest weight.

Among some creationists the cave tetra is seen as evidence against evolution.

The earliest and most direct kinds of observational evidence are the Hubble-type expansion seen in the redshifts of galaxies, the detailed measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the relative abundances of light elements produced by Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and today also the large scale distribution and apparent evolution of galaxies predicted to occur due to gravitational growth of structure in the standard theory.

Cyberpunk stories have also been seen as fictional forecasts of the evolution of the Internet.

Notably more acrobatic, this sub-style is seen by some as the natural evolution of Capoeira, by others as adulteration or even misinterpretation of Capoeira.

Leontyev had seen human action as a result of biological as well as cultural evolution and, drawing on Marx's materialist conception of culture, stressed that individual cognition always is part of social action which in turn is mediated by man-made tools ( cultural artifacts ), language and other man-made systems of symbols, which he viewed as a major distinguishing feature of human culture and, thus, human cognition.

One example of the evolution of the Latin verse form can be seen in a comparative analysis of the use of spondees in Ennius ' time vs. the Augustan age.

The influence of Richard Hooker was crucial to an evolution in this understanding in which bishops came to be seen in their more traditional role as ones who delegate to the presbyterate inherited powers, act as pastors to presbyters, and holding a particular teaching office with respect to the wider church.

The reactions elicited from fear are seen through advantages in evolution.

While some scientists have claimed other objects ( such as Abell 1835 IR1916 ) have higher redshifts ( and therefore are seen in an earlier stage of the Universe's evolution ), IOK-1's age and composition have been more reliably established.

The conclusion of this investigation, rather than that evolution of a complex adaptation was impossible, " awed by the adaptations of living things, to be stunned by their complexity and suitability ", was " to accept the inescapable but not humiliating fact that much of mankind can be seen in a tree or a lizard.

Though often seen as static, isolated ‘ powerhouses ’ hijacked for cellular metabolism through an ancient endosymbiotic event, the evolution of the MAM underscores the extent to which mitochondria have been integrated into overall cellular physiology, with intimate physical and functional coupling to the endomembrane system.

While often seen as rejecting Darwin's theory of branching evolution for a more linear Lamarckian " biogenic law " of progressive evolution, this is not accurate: Haeckel used the Lamarckian picture to describe the ontogenic and phylogenic history of the individual species, but agreed with Darwin about the branching nature of all species from one, or a few, original ancestors.

With this history in mind, the orchestra can be seen to have a general evolution as outlined below.

Pycnofibres were not true hair as seen in mammals, but a unique structure that developed a similar appearance through convergent evolution.

In this view, evolution is seen as generally smooth and continuous.

A year before their 1972 Eldredge and Gould paper, Niles Eldredge published a paper in the journal Evolution which suggested that gradual evolution was seldom seen in the fossil record and argued that Ernst Mayr's standard mechanism of allopatric speciation might suggest a possible resolution.

Their work deals with similar steps and dances, though some evolution can be seen.

Gould's influence in the field of evolutionary developmental biology continues to be seen in such areas as the evolution of feathers.

Natural theology was not a unified doctrine, and while some such as Louis Agassiz were strongly opposed to the ideas in the book, others sought a reconciliation in which evolution was seen as purposeful.

Early theories positing the simple, unilineal evolution of societies from traditional to industrial model are now seen as too simplistic.

Some amphibans retain the external larval gills in adulthood, the complex internal gill system as seen in fish apparently being irrevocably lost very early in the evolution of tetrapods.

Built in several stages, the continuing evolution of its design joined Gothic construction and decoration with Renaissance ideals, as seen in the tombs and the 17th and 18th century Granadan art in the Chapel of Santa Cruz.

Parasitism is part of one explanation for the evolution of secondary sex characteristics seen in breeding males throughout the animal world, such as the plumage of male peacocks and manes of male lions.

In order to test these predictions, it is necessary to reconstruct the primordial abundances as faithfully as possible, for instance by observing astronomical objects in which very little stellar nucleosynthesis has taken place ( such as certain dwarf galaxies ) or by observing objects that are very far away, and thus can be seen in a very early stage of their evolution ( such as distant quasars ).